A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

i64 FLAMININUS. FLAMININJUS.
according to the dictates of the consul:'they de- nus: they boasted that he had to thank them for
dared that Greece could not possibly be free, so his victory, and their vaunting was believed by
long as Demetrias, Chalcis, and Corinth were oc- many Greeks. Flamininus in return treated them'
cupied by Macedonian garrisons, and that, un- with haughtiness and contempt, and, without conless Philip withdrew his garrisons, the war ought suiting them, he granted to Philip a truce of fifteen
to be continued, and that it would now be days, and permission to begin negotiations for
an easy matter to compel the king to submit peace, while the Aetolians desired nothing short of
to the terms of the Romans. When Philip's am- the entire destruction of the Macedonian empire.
bassadors were asked whether their king was They even went so far as to say that Flamininus
willing to give up the three fortresses just men- was bribed by the king. The consequence was,
tioned, they replied that they had no instructions that they derived less advantages from the victory
to answer that question. The senate then dis- at Cynoscephalae than they had in reality deserved,
missed them, and told them that if their sovereign and Philip only profited by the disunion thus exwanted to negotiate further, he must apply to Fla- isting between the Romans and their allies. Flamininus, to whom the senate gave full power to act mininus felt inclined to conclude peace with Philip,
as he thought proper, and whose imperium was for his own ambition was satisfied, and Antiochus
now prolonged for an indefinite period. Flamini- of Syria was threatening to come over to Europe
nus, after having thus gained his end, declared to and assist Philip against the Romans. When,
Philip,'that if any further negotiations were to be therefore, Philip, at a meeting which he had with
carried on, he must first of all withdraw his gar- Flamininus, declared himself willing to conclude
risons'from the Greek towns. The king, on hear- peace on the terms proposed before the opening of
ing this, resolved to venture any thing rather than the campaign, and to submit all further points to
yield to such a demand, although his army was in the Roman senate, Flamininus at once concluded a
an incomparably inferior condition to that of jthe truce for several''months, and embassies from both
Romans. Philip immediately took -steps to form parties were sent to Rome.
an alliance with Nabis,'the tyrant of Sparta. After the battle of Cynoscephalae Flamininus
WVhen every thing was prepared, and Nabis had had' generously restored to freedom all the Boeotians
treacherously put, himself in possession of Argos, that had served in Philip's army and were taken
he invited Flamininus to a conference at Argos, prisoners. But, instead of thanking him for it,
where'a treaty between Flamininus and Sparta they acted as if they owed their delivery to Philip,
was concluded without any difficulty, for the and even insulted the Romans by conferring the
Romans demanded only auxiliaries, and the ces- office of boeotarchus upon the man who had been
sation of hostilities against the Achaeans. Nabis their commander in the Macedonian army. The
remained in the possession of Argos, but no clause Roman party at Thebes, however, soon after serespecting it was inserted in the treaty. When cretly caused his assassination, with the knowledge
Flamininus had received the auxiliaries of Nabis, of Flamininus. When this became known, the
he marched against Corinth, hoping that the com- people conceived a burning hatred of the Romans,
mander of its garrison, Philocles, a friend of Nabis, whose army was stationed in and about Elateia in
would follow the tyrant's example, but in vain. Phocis. All the Romans who had to travel through
Flamininus then went into Boeotia, which he co r- Boeotia, were murdered and their bodies left
pelled to renounce the alliance with Philip, and unburied on the roads. The number of persons
to join the Romans. Most of the Boeotian men, who thus lost their lives, is said to have amounted
however,capable of bearing arms, were serving inthe to 500. After Flamininus had in vain demanded
Macedonian army, and afterwards fought against reparation for these crimes, he began ravaging
the Romans. The Acarnanians were the only Boeotia, and blockaded Coroneia and Acraephia,
allies of Macedonia that remained faithful, near which places most of the bodies of the murIn the spring of B. C. 197, Flamininus left his dered Romans had been found. This frightened
winter-quarters to enter upon his second campaign the Boeotians, and they now sent envoys to Flaagainst Philip. His army, which was already mininus, who, however, refused to admit them into
strengthened by the Achaeans and other auxiliaries, his presence; but the mediation of the Achaeans
was increased at Thermopylae by a considerable prevailed upon him to treat the Boeotians'leniently.
number of Aetolians. He advanced slowly into He accordingly made peace with them, on condition
Phthiotis. Philip, at the head of his army, which of their delivering up to him the guilty persons.
was about equal in numbers to that of'his oppo- and paying thirty talents as a reparation, instead
nent, advanced more rapidly towards the south, of 100 which he had demanded before.
and was determined to seize the first favourable In the spring of B. C. 1 96, and shortly after the
opportunity for fighting a decisive battle. After a peace with Boeotia, ten Roman commissioners ar.
skirmish between the Roman and Macedonian rived in Greece to arrange, conjointly with Flami.
cavalry, near Pherae, in which the Romans gained ninus, the affairs of the country; they also brought
the upper hand, both belligerents moved towards with them the terms on which a definite peace wa,
Pharsalus and Scotussa. A battle ensued near a to be concluded with Philip. He had to give uI
range of hills'called Cynoscephalae (Dog's heads), in all the Greek towns in Europe and Asia which he
which the' fate of Macedonia was decided in' a few had possessed and still possessed. The Aetolian
hours: 8000 Macedonians Were killed in their again exerted themselves to excite suspicion
flight, and 5000 were taken prisoners, while Fla- among the Greeks as to the sincerity of the Roman
mininus lost only 700 men. The result of this in their dealings with them. Flamininus, how
battle was, that the towns of Thessaly surrendered ever, insisted upon immediate compliance with th
to the Romans, and Philip. sued for peace. The terms of the peace, and Corinth was at once give
Aetolians, who' had been of great service during the over to the Achaeans. In this summer the IstI
battle, now showed their arrogance and pretensions mian games were celebrated at Corinth, and thor
in a manner which wounded the pride of Flamini- sands of people from all parts of Greece flocke