A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

FESTUS. FIDES. 149
cuous p6sition on account of their importance or tion, by Arndts. The fragments are printed exfrom some superstitious feeling. Thus M is ushered actly as they occur in the MS., in double columns,
in by Magnos Ludos, Meltom, Matrem Matutam, and placed face to face with the corresponding
while the first fifteen articles in P are almost all portions of Paulus, so as'to admit of easy comderived from the most ancient memorials of the parison. The most plausible of the conjectural
Latin tongue. These facts, taken in combination supplements by Scaliger and Ursinus are inserted
with the authorities quoted here and there, would in a different type.
lead us to infer that the -words in the first part of 4. The text of the Pomponian sheets, printed
each letter were taken directly from the De Signi- also in double columns, the contents of each page
ficatz VYeborzum of Verrius, while those in the se- having been determined by accurate calculation.
cond constitute a sort of supplement, collected by 5; A collection of the most useful commentaries.
Festus from the other writings of the same author. [W. R.]
We might also surmise, from the singular order, or FESTUS, PO'RCIUS, succeeded Antonius
rather want of order, discernible in the first part, Felix as procurator of- Judaea in A. D. 62, and
that Verrius wrote down his observations upon vigorously repressed the robbers and assassins
certain sets of words upon separate sheets, and that (sicarii), by whom the province was infested. It
these sheets were bound up without regard to any was he who bore testimony to the innocence of St.
circumstance except the initial letter. An elabo- Paul, when he defended himself before him in the
rate discussion upon these points will be found in same year. Festus died not long after his apthe preface to the edition of MUller. pointment as procurator, and was succeeded by
The edition published at Milan, by Zarotus, on ALBINUS. (Joseph. Ant. xx. 8. ~~ 9-11. 9, ~ 1,
the 3rd of August, 1471, and inscribed, Sext. Bell. Jud. ii. 14. ~ 1; Acts, xxiv. 27, xxv.
]Pornpeius Festus de Verbluoran Significatione, that of xxvi.) [E. E.]
Joannes de Colonia and Joannes Manthen de FESTUS, VALE'RIUS, legatus in Africa,
Gherrezen, 4to. Venet. 1784, a very ancient im- A. D. 69, and an active, though secret, partisan of
pression, perhaps older than either of the above, Vespasian in his war with Vitellius. He was one
and probably printed at Rome by G. Lauer, to- of the supplementary consuls for the year A. D. 71.
gether with several others, merely reprints of the (Tac. Hist. ii. 98; Fasti.) [WN. B. D.]
preceding, and all belonging to the fifteenth cen- FIDE'NAS, a surname of the Sergia and Sertury, present us with nothing except Paulus Dian- vilia Gentes, derived from Fidenae, a town about
conus. A volume appeared at. Milan, in. 1510, five miles from Rome, and which frequently occurs
containing Nonius Marcellus, Festus, Paulus, and in the early history of the republic. The first
Varro. This work was commenced by Jo. Bapt. Sergius, who bore this surname, was L. Sergius,
Pius, who revised the Nonius, and was carried on who is said to have obtained it because he was
by a certain Conagus, who was acquainted with elected consul in the year (B. C. 437) after the reboth portions of the MS. of Festus, which he in- volt of Fidenae; but as Fidenae was a Roman
corporated with Paulus, thus giving rise to that colony, he may -have been a native of the town.
confusion which afterwards prevailed so exten- This surname was used by his descendants as their
sively. The above grammarians were reprinted, family name. [See below.]
in the same form, at Paris in 1511 and 1519, at The first member of the Servilia gens who reVenice by Aldus Manutius, in 1513, and very ceived this surname was Q. Servilius Priscus, who
frequently afterwards, in different parts of Europe. took Fidenae in his dictatorship, B. C. 435; and it
More valuable than any of those already mentioned continued to be used by his descendants as an
is the edition of Antonius Augustinus, archbishop agnomen, in addition to their regular family name
of' Tarragona, 8vo. Venet. 1559-1560, in which of Priscus. [PRIscus.]
we find not only a correct collation of the Farnese 1. L. SERGIUS C. F. C. N. FIDENAS, held the
MS., but a separation of Festus from Paulus. consulship twice, and the consular tribunate three
Augustinus was closely followed by Joseph Scali- times; but nothing of importance is recorded of
ger, 8vo. 1565, who displayed great skill in his him. He was consul for the first time in B. c. 437
conjectural emendations and supplements, and by (Liv. iv. 17; Diod. xii. 43); consular tribune for
Fulvius Ursinus, Rom. 1581, who again collated the first time in 433 (Liv. iv. 25; Diod. xii. 58);
and gave a faithful representation of the Farnese consul for the second time in 429 (Liv. iv. 30;
MS., and, following-out the labours of Scaliger, Diod. xii. 73); consular tribune for the second
filled up the blanks. The edition of Dacier " In time in 424 (Liv. iv. 35; Diod. xii. 82); and:
usum Delphini," Paris, 1681, has been often re- consular tribune for the third time in 418. (Liv.
printed, but possesses no particular value. Linde- iv. 45; Diod. xiii. 2.)
mann, in his Corpus Grammaticorum Latinorzum, 2. M'. SERGIUS L. F. L. N. FIDENAS, consular
vol. ii. Lips. 1832, has placed Paulus and Festus tribune in B. C. 404 (Liv. iv. 61; Diod. xiv. 19),
completely apart from each other, has revised the and again in B.C. 402 (Liv. v. 8, &c.; Diod. xiv.
text of each with great care, and added a large 38). His bad conduct in the latter year, in which
body of notes, original and selected; but far su- he allowed himself to be defeated by the enemy,
perior to all others is the edition of K. 0. Miller, and his punishment, in consequence, by the people,
Lips. 4to. 1839, in which we find,- are related under ESQUILINUS, No. 4.
I. A preface, with a critical account of the MSS. - 3. L. SERGIUS M'. F. L. N. FIDENAS, son of
of Festus and Paulus, their history, and a most No. 2, consular tribune in B. C. 397. (Liv. v. 16;
ingenious and laborious investigation of the plan Diod. xiv. 85.)
followed in the arrangement of the words.. 4. C. SXaGIUS FIDENAS, consular tribune three
2. The text of Paulus inits best form, from the times, first in B.C. 387 (Liv. vi. 5), a second time
most trustworthy MSS. in B.C. 385 (Liv. vi. 11), and a third time in B. C.
3. The text of Festus, from the Farnese MS., 380. (Liv. vi. 27.)
carefully collated, in 1833, expressly for this edi- FIDES, the personification of fidelity or faithL3