A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

142 FAUSTUS. FEBRUUS.
them, and to have beed briecd ins the fornr rsear- A.inmes and exhortations, all addressed to the
the rostra, were a stone figure of a lion marked his monks of Lerins,- while he presided over their
tomb. Others, however, believed that Romulus community. (Martene et Durand, Scriptor. et
was buried there. (Festus, s. v. Niger Lapis; Monunientor. ampliss. Collectio, vol. ix. p. 142. fol.
Dionys. i. 87; Hartung, Die Relg. d. RMm. vol. ii. Paris, 1733; Brockie, Codex Regularum, &c. App. 190,) [L. S.] pend. p. 469, fol. Aug. Vind. 1759; Bibl. lfal.
FAUSTUS, a tragic poet of the time of Ju- Patr.Lugdun. 1677. vol. viii. p. 545, 547; Basnage,
venal (vii. 12). TIesaurus Monumentor. &c. vol. i., p. 350. fol.
FAUSTUS, an African bishop of the Mani- Amst.. 1725.)
chaeans, who, according to St. Augustin, was a man 5. Homilia de S. Maximi Laudibus, erroneously
of great natural shrewdness and persuasive elo- included among the homilies ascribed to Eusebius
quence, but altogether destitute *of cultivation or Emesenus, who flourished under Constantius before
learning. He published about A. D. 400 an attack the establishment of a monastery at Lerins. (Bibl.
upon the Catholic faith, a work known to us from Mlagna Pair. Colon. Agripp. fol. 1618, vol. v. p. 1.
the elaborate reply by the bishop of Hippo, Con- No. 12.)
tra Fazstum Manichaeum," extending to thirty- 6. Epistolae. Nineteen are to be found in the
five books, arranged in such a manner that the third part of the fifth volume of the Bibl. Mag.
arguments of the heretic are first stated in his own Patr. Colon. Agripp. fol. 1618, and the most inwords, and then confuted. (See vol. viii. of the teresting are contained in Bibl. Max. Pats. LugBenedictine edition of-St. Augustine.) [W. R.] dun. vol. viii. p. 524, 548-554. See also Basnage,
FAUSTUS, surnamed REIENSIS (otherwise Thes. Mon. vol. i. p. 343. These letters are adRegensis, or Regiensis) from the episcopal see over dressed to different persons, and treat of various
which he presided, was a native of Brittany, the points connected with speculative theology, and the
contemporary and friend of Sidonius Apollinaris. heresies prevalent at that epoch. (Sidon. Apollin.
Having passed his youth in the seclusion of a Carnz. Euehar. ad Fancstum; Gennad. de Viris Ill.
cloister, he succeeded Maximus, first as abbot of 85; Baronius, Anncl. vol. vi. ad ann. 490; TilleLerins, afterwards in A. D. 472, as bishop of Riez, mont, vol. xvi. p. 433; Wiggers, de Joanne Cassiano,
in Provence, and died about A. D. 490, or, accord- &c. Rostoch. 1824, 1825, and other historians of
ing to Tillemont, some years later. For a con- semipelagianism enumerated at the end of the arsiderable period he was regarded as the head of ticle CASSIAN US.) [W. R.]
the Semipelagians [CASsIANUs], and, in conse- FAUSTUS, A'NNIUS, a man of equestrian
quence of the earnestness and success with which rank, and one of the informers (delatores) in the
he advocated the doctrines of that sect, was stig- reign of Nero, was condemned by the senate in
matised as a heretic by the Catholic followers of A. D. 69, on the accusation of Vibius Crispus.
St. Augustin, while his zeal against the Arians (Tac. Hist. ii. 10.)
excited the enmity of Euric, king of the Visigoths, FAUSTUS CORNELIUS SULLA. [SULLA-.
by whom he was driven into exile about A. D. 481, FEBRIS, the goddess of fever, or rather the
and did not return until A. D. 484, after the death averter of fever. She had three sanctuaries at
of his persecutor. Notwithstanding the heavy Rome, the most ancient and celebrated of which
charges preferred against the orthodoxy of this was on the Palatine; the second was on the area,
prelate, it is certain that he enjoyed a wide re- which was adorned with the monuments of Marius,
putation, and possessed great influence, while alive, and the third in the upper part of the vicus longus.
and was worshipped as a saint after death, by the In these sanctuaries amulets were dedicated which
citizens of Riez, who erected a basilica to his people had worn during a fever. (Val. Max. ii. 5.
memory, and long celebrated his festival on the ~ 6; Cic. de Leg. ii. 11; de Nat. Deor. iii. 25;
18th of January. Aelian, V. H. xii. 11). The worship of this diThe works of Faustus have never been collected vinity at Rome is sufficiently accounted for by the
and edited with care, and hence the accounts given fact, that in ancient times the place was visited by
by different authorities vary considerably. The fevers as much as at the present day. [L. S.]
following list, if not absolutely complete, embraces FE'BRUITS, an ancient Italian divinity, to:every thing of importance:- whom the month of February was sacred, for in
1. Proftssio Fidei, contra eos, qui per solam Dei the latter half of that month great and general
Voluntatem alios dicunt ad Vitam attraki, alios in purifications-and lustrations were celebrated, which
Mortem deprinzi, (Bibl. M~ax. Patr. Lugdun. 1677, were at the same time considered to produce fervol. viii. p. 523,) tility among men as well as beasts. Hence the
2. De Gratia Dei et Humanae Mentis libero month of February was also sacred to Juno, the
Arbitrio Libri II. (Bibl. Max. Patr. Lugdun. goddess of marriage, and she was therefore survol. viii. p. 525.) named Februata, or Februtis. (Fest. s. v. FebruThese two treatises, composed about A. D. 475, arius; Arnob. iii. 30.) The name Februus is
present a full and distinct developement of the connected with februare (to purify), and ftbruae
sentiments of the author with regard to original (purifications). (Varro, de L.L. vi. 13; Ov. Fast.
sin, predestination, free will, election, and grace, ii. 31, &c.) Another feature in the character of this
and demonstrate that his views corresponded god, which is however intimately connected with
closely with those entertained by Cassianus. the idea of purification, is, that he was also re3. Responsio ad Objecta quaedam de Ratione garded as a god of the lower world, for the festival
Fidei Catholicae; an essay, as the title implies, on of the dead (Feralia) was likewise celebrated in
some points connected with the Arian controversy. February (Macrob. Sat. i. 4, 13; Ov. Fast. ii. 535,
It is included in the collection of ancient French &c.); and Anysius (ap. J. Lydum, de 2Mens. i.
ecclesiastical writers published by P. Pithou, 4to. p. 68) states, that Februus in Etruscan signified
1586. the god of the lower world (KarTaXO6 Los). Hence
4. Sermnones Sex ad Monaehos, together with an Februus was identified with Pluto. When the