A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

ECHIIDNAJ.-' ECHO.... 3.poems mention two personages of this name, the but that she would not give them up, unless he
one a Trojan, who was slain by Antilochus (II. iv. would consent to stay with her for a time. Hera457, &c.), and the other a Sicyonian, who made cles complied with the request, and became by her
Agamemnon a present of the mare Aethe, in order the father of Agathyrsus, Gelonus, and Scythes.
not to be obliged to accompany him to Troy. (II. The last of them became king of the Scythians, acxxiii. 293, &c.) LL. S.] cording to his father's arrangement, because he was
ECHESTRATUS ('EXie'rpaTos), son of Agis I., the only one'among the three brothers that was
and third of the Agid line of Spartan kings. In able to manage the bow which Heracles had left
his reign the district of Cynuria on the Argive behind, and to use his father's girdle. (Herod. iv.
border was reduced. He was the father of Labotas 8-10.) L.:S.]
or Leobotes, king of Sparta. (Paus. iii. 2. ~ 2; ECHI'NADES. [AcHELOUS.]
Herod. vii. 204.) [A. H. C.] ECHI'ON ('Exiwv). 1. One of the five Su1yECHETI'MUS ('EX&'LtLos), of Sicyon, was viving Spartae that had grown up'froia the- Wrathe husband of Nicagora, who was believed to have gon's teeth, which Cadmus had sown.: (Apollod.
brought the image of Asclepius, in the form of a iii. 4. ~ I; Hygin. Fab. 178; Ov. Miet. iii. 126.)
dragon, from Epidaurus to Sicyon, on a car drawn He was married to Agave, by whom he became the
by mules. (Pans. ii. 10. ~ 3.) [L. S.] father of Pentheus. (Apollod. iii. 5. ~ 2.) He is
ECHETLUS (CEXETAos), a mysterious' being, said to have dedicated a temple of Cybele in Boeabout whom the following tradition was current at otia, and to have assisted Cadmus in the building
Athens. During the battle of Marathon there ap- of Thebes. (Ov. Alet. x. 686.)
peared among the Greeks a man, who resembled a 2. A son of Hermes and Antianeira at Alope.
rustic, and slew many of the barbarians with his (Hygin. Fab. 14; Apollon. Rhod. i. 56.) He was
plough. After the battle, when he was searched a twin-brother of Erytus or Eurytus, together with
for, he was not to be found anywhere, and when whom he took part in the Calydonian hunt, and in
the Athenians consulted the oracle, they were com- the expedition of the Argonauts, in which, as the
manded to worship the hero Echetlaeus, that is the son of Hermes, he acted the part of a cunning spy.
hero with the.Xe'rAXv, or ploughshare. Echetlus (Pind. Pyth. iv. 179; Ov. Met. viii. 311; comp.
was to be seen in the painting in the Poecile, Orph. Argon. 134, where his' mother is called
which represented the battle of Marathon. (Paus. Laothoe.) A third personage of this name, one of
i. 15. ~ 4, 32, ~ 4.)' [L. S.] the giants, is mentioned by Claudian. (Gigant.
E'CHETUS (CEXE7To), a cruel king of Epeirus, 104.) [L. S.]
who was the terror of all mortals. He was a son ECHI'ON, a painter and statuary, who flouof Euchenor and Phlogea. His daughter, Metope rished in the 107th Olympiad (B. c. 352). His
or Amphissa, who had yielded to the embraces of most noted pictures were the following: Father
her lover Aechmodicus, was blinded by her father, Liber; Tragedy and Comedy; Semiramis passing
and Aechmodicus was cruelly mutilated. Echetus from the state of a handmaid to that of a queen;
further gave his daughter iron barleycorns, pro- with an old woman carrying torches before her; in
mising to restore her sight, if she would grind them this picture the modesty of the new bride was adinto flour. (Hom. Od. xviii. 83, &c., xxi. 307; mirably depicted. He is ranked by Pliny and
Apollon. Rhod. iv. 1093; Eustath. ad Horn. p. Cicero with the greatest painters of Greece, Apelles,
1839.) [L. S.] Melanthius, and Nicomachus. (Plin. xxxiv. 8. s.
ECHIDNA (vExiLva), a daughter of Tartarus 19; xxxv. 7. s. 32; ]0. s. 36. ~ 9.) The picture
and Ge (Apollod. ii. 1. ~ 2), or of Chrysaor and in the Vatican, known as " the Aldobrandini MarCallirrho6 (Hesiod. Tleog. 295), and according to riage," is supposed by some to be a copy'from the
others again, of Peiras and Styx. (Paus. viii. 18. "Bride" of Echion. (Kugler, Handbuch d. Kunst1.) Echidna was a monster, half maiden and gesch. p. 236; Miller, Amrch. d. Kunst, ~ 140, 3.)
half serpent, with black eyes, fearful and blood- Hirt supposes that the name of the painter of
thirsty. She was the destruction of man, and be- Alexander's marriage, whom Lucian praises so
came by Typhon the mother of the Chimaera, of highly, AETION, is a corruption of Echion. (Gesch.
the many-headed dog- Orthus, of the hundred- d. Bild. Kiinste, pp. 265-268.) [P. S.]
headed dragon who guarded the apples of the Hes- E'CHIUS (CEXios.) Two mythical personages
perides, of the Colchian dragon, of the Sphinx, of this name occur in the Iliad the one a Greek
Cerberus, Scylla, Gorgon, the Lernaean Hydra, of and a son of Mecisteus, was slain' by Polites (viii.
the eagle which consumed the liver of Prometheus, 333, xv. 339), and the other, a Trojan, was slain
and of'the Nemean lion. (Hes. Theog. 307, &c.; by Patroclus. (xvi. 416.) [L. [S.]
Apollod. ii. 3. ~ 1, 5. ~~ 10, 11, iii. 5. ~ 8; Hy- ECHO ('HXc), an Oreade, who when Zeus was:
gin. Fab. Praef. p. 3, and Fab. 151.) She was playing with the nymphs, used to keep Hera at a
killed in her sleep by Argus Panoptes. (Apollod. distance by incessantly talking to her. In this
ii. 1. ~ 2.) According to Hesiod she lived with manner Hera was not able to detect her faithless
Typhon in a cave in the country of the Arimi, husband, and the nymphs had time to escape.
whereas the Greeks on the Euxine conceived her Hera, however, found out the deception, and she
to have lived in Scythia. When Heracles, they punished Echo by changing her into an echo, that
said, carried away the oxen of Geryones, he also is, a being with no controul over its tongue, which
visited the country of the Scythians, which was is neither able to speak before anybody else has
then still a desert. Once while he was asleep spoken, nor to be silent when somebody else has
there, his, horses suddenly disappeared, and when spoken. Echo in this state fell desperately in love
he woke and wandered about in search of them, he with Narcissus, but as her love was not returned,
came into the country of Hylaea. He there found she pined away in grief, so that in the end there
the monster Echidna in a cave. When he asked remained of her nothing but her voice. (Ov. Alet.
whether she knew anything about his horses, she iii. 356-401.) There were in Greece certain
answered, that'they were in -her own possession, porticoes, called the Porticoes of:Echo, on account
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