A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

198' EUTYCHES EUTYCHIUS.
was first warned of his error privately by Eusebius, (the,BouvA7 Appuc) ),and two petitions to the em-:
bishop of Dorylaeum, and was then denounced by peror Theodosius (Conecil. vol. iv. pp. 134, 241,
him as a heretic, before a synod which assembled 250); but no works of his are in existence. This
at Constantinople, under the presidency of Flavian, schism was continued among the monks by Eudopatriarch of that city. He was condemned, in cia, widow of Theodosius, and to such an extent,
spite of the extent of his influence at court, where that Marcian was obliged to send an armed force to
Chrysaphius, eunuch and chief chamberlain to put it down. The followers of Eutyches, however,
Theodosius II., was a close friend of Dioscurus, under the name of Monophysites, continued to proand godson. to Eutyches. Besides this, Chrysa- pagate their opinions, though with little success, till
phius had a strong desire to crush the partisans of the 6th century, when a great revival of those docPulcheria, the emperor's sister, who was warmly trines took place under the auspices of Jacob Baraattached to Flavian. By his influence Theo- daeus, who died bishop of Edessa, A. D. 588. From
dosius was persuaded to declare himself dissatis- him they were called Jacobites, and under this
fled with the decision of Flavian's synod, and to title still constitute a very numerous church, to
r.efer the matter to a general council, to meet at which the Armenians and Copts belong. (Evagrius,
Ephesus, A. D. 449, under the presidency of Dio- Hist. Eccles. i. 9; Theodoret, Ep. 79, 82, 92, &c.;
scurus. This is the celebrated Ap'ptKu) oz,'oaos, Cave, Script. Eccles. Hist. Lit. vol. i.; Neander,
an appellation which it most richly deserved. It Kirchengesch. iii. p. 1079, &c.) [G. E. L. C.]
was composed almost entirely of partisans of Eu- EUTYCHIANUS. [COMAzoN.]
tyches. Flavian, and those who had judged him EUTYCHIA'NUS (EJ;vXtlaWs). There are
on the former occasion,though allowed to be present, two persons of this name in the history of Conwere not to be-suffered to vote. Theodoret, the stantinople:. the one is called an historian, and
historian, who had been a friend of Nestorius, was must have lived at the time of Constantine the
not to vote without the permission of Dioscurus; Great. He is styled chief secretary of the emperor,
and a number of frantic Egyptian monks accompa- and a sophist; but nothing further is known.
nied their abbot, Barsumas, to whom, as a vigorous (Georg. Codinus, Select. de Orig. Constant. 17.)
opponent of Nestorius, a seat and vote in the The second was a friend of Agathius the historian,
council were assigned. For the emperor had who undertook to write the history of his own
avowed, in his letters of convocation, that his time on the advice of Eutychianus. (Agath.
great object was iraav LacohAK)v eiKKacrcoia., piav Prooem.) [L. S.]
meaning by this phrase the Nestorian doctrines. EUTYCHIA'NUS (EvTvXlaoJs), a physician
When the council met, all opponents of Eutyches who lived probably in or.before the fourth century
were silenced by the'outcries of the monks, the after Christ, as one of his medical formulae is
threats of the soldiers who were admitted to hear quoted by Marcellus Empiricus (De Medicarm. c.
the deliberations, and the overbearing violence of 14. p. 303), who calls him by the title of "Arthe president, Flavian, Eusebius, and Theodoret chiater." He may perhaps be the same physician
were deposed, and the doctrines of Eutyches for- who is called Terentius Eutychianus by Theodomally sanctioned; and this was regarded as a vic- rus Priscianus (De Medic. iv. 14.) [W. A..G.]
tory gained over the Eastern church by its Alex- EUTYtCHIDES, T. CAECI'LIUS, a freedman
andrian rival, which two bodies often came into of.Atticus. After his manumission by Atticus, his
conflict from the different dogmatical. tendencies name naturally was T. Pomponius Eutychides; but
prevalent in each. The deposed prelates, however, when Atticus was adopted by Q. Caecilius, his
applied for aid to Leo the Great, bishop of Rome, freedman also altered his name into T. Caecilius
who had been himself summoned to the council, Entychides. (Cic. ad Att. iv. 15.) [L. S.]
but, instead of appearing there, had sent Julius, EUTY'CHIDES (E'TrvX187s). 1. Of Sicyon,
bishop of Puteoli, and three other, legates, from a statuary in bronze and marble, is placed by Pliny
whom. therefore he obtained a correct account of at O1. 120, B. C. 300. (xxxiv. 8. s. 19.) He was
the scenes which had disgraced it. He was ready a disciple of Lysippus. (Paus. vi. 2. ~ 4.) He
to interfere, both on general grounds, and from the made in bronze a statue of the river Eurotas, " in
notion, which had already begun to take root, that quo artem ipso amne liquidiorem plurimi dixere "
to him, as the successor of St. Peter, belonged a (Plin. 1. c. ~ 16), one of the Olympic victor Timossort of oversight over the whole church. Things thenes, of Elis, and a highly-prized statue of
were changed too at Constantinople: Chrysaphius Fortune for the Syrians on the Orontes. (Pans.
was disgraced and'banished, and Pulcheria restored 1. c.) There is a copy of the last-named work in
to her brother's favour. In the year 450, Theodo- the Vatican Museum. (Viscolnti,Mus. Pio.-Clem.
sius II. died; Pulcheria married Marcian, and pro- t. iii. tab. 46.) His statue of Father Liber, in the
cured for him the succession to the throne. A new collection of Asinius Pollio, was of marble. (Plin.
general council. was summoned at Nicaea, and af- xxxvi. 5. s. 4. ~ 10.) A statue of Priapus is menterwards adjourned to Chalcedon, A. D. 451, which tioned in the Greek Anthology (Brunck, -Anal.
630 bishops attended. The proceedings were not ii. p. 311; Jacobs, iii. p. 24, No. xiv.) as the work
altogether worthy of a body met to' decide on such of Eutychides, but it is not known whether Eutysubjects; yet, on the whole, something like deco- chides of Sicyon is meant. Cantharus of Sicyon
rum was observed. The result was that Dioscurus was the pupil of Eutychides. [CANTHARUS.]
and Eutyches were condemned, and the doctrine 2. A painter of unknown time and country.
of Christ in one person and two natures finally He painted Victory driving a biga. (Plin. xxxv.
declared.to be the faith of the church. We know 11. s. 40. ~ 34.)
nothing of the subsequent fate of Eutyches, except' 3. A sculptor, whose name occurs in a sepulchral
that Leo wrote-to beg Marcian and Pulcheria to epigram in the Greek Anthology. (Brunck, Anal.
send him into banishment, with what success does vol. iii. p. 307; Jacobs, vol. iv. p. 274, No.
not appear. There are extant a confession of faith DccxIx.) [P. S.]
presented by Eutyches to the council of Ephesus EUTY'CHIUS, the grammarian. [EUTYCHES.]