A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

:120 EUSTATHIUS. EUSTATHIUS.
ronymus (de Script. illustr. 85; comp. Socrat. vi. written' in a very artificial style. The tale is mo.
13), and is undoubtedly genuine. It is printed at notonous and wearisome; the story is frigid and
the end of Allatius's edition of the commentary on improbable, and shews no power of invention on the
the Hexaimeron. Eustathius wrote firther Homi- part of its author. The lovers are of a very senlies, Epistles, and an Interpretation of the Psalms, sual disposition. It was first edited with a Latin
of which some fragments are still extant. They are translation by Guilbert Gaulmin, Paris, 1617, 8vo.,
collected in Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. ix. pp. 135- who published, the year after, his preface and notes
149; comp. Cave, Hist. Lit. i. p. 138, &c. to it. The Latin translation is reprinted in the
2. Bishop of BERYTUS, was present at the coun- Leiden edition of Parthenius. (1612,12mo.) Somecil of Chalcedon in A. D. 451, and had been one of what improved reprints of Gaulmin's edition apthe presidents at the council of Berytus, held in peared at Vienna, 1791, 8vo. and Leipzig, 1792,
A.D. 448. (Acta Concil. ii. p. 281. ed. Binian.; 8vo. There is a very good. French.translation by
Zacharias Mitylen. deMund. Opif. p. 166, ed. Barth.) Lebas, Paris, 1828, 12mo., with a critical introduc3. Of CAPPADOCIA, a New Platonist, was a pu- tion concerning the author and his novel. (Comp.
pil of Iamblichus and Aedesius. When the latter Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. viii. p. 136, &c.; Th.
was obliged to quit Cappadocia, Eustathius was Grisse. in Jahn's Jahrbiicher for 1836, fourth supleft behind in his place. Eunapius, to whom alone plement. vol. p. 267, &c.) -
we are indebted for our knowledge of Eustathius, 6. Bishop of SEBASTIA in Armenia, who, togedeclares that he was the best man and a great ora- ther with Basilius of Ancyra, was the author of the
tor, whose speech in sweetness equalled the songs sect of the Macedonians. (Suid. s. v. EV-Toi2aos.)
of the Seirens. His reputation was so great, that He was originally a monk, and is said to have been
when the Persians besieged Antioch, and the em- the first who made the Armenians acquainted with
pire was threatened with a war, the emperor Con- an ascetic life. For this reason some persons ascribstantius was prevailed upon to send Eustathius, ed to him the work on Ascetics, which is usually
although he was a pagan, as ambassador to king regarded as the production of St. Basilius. He
Sapor, in A. D. 358, who is said to have been quite must have been a contemporary of Constantine the
enchanted by the oratory of the Greek. His coun- Great, for Nicephorous states,-that although he had
trymen and friends who longed for his return, signed the decrees of the council of Nicaea, he yet
sent deputies to him, but he refused to come back openly sided with the Arians. (Epiphan. lxxv. 1,
to his country on account of certain sighs and pro- &c.; Sozomen. iii. 13; Nicephor. ix. 16.)
digies. His wife Sosipatra is said to have even 7. Archbishop of THESSALONICA, was a native
excelled her husband in talent and learning. (Eu- of Constantinople, and lived during the latter half
nap. Vit. Soph. pp. 21, 47, &c. ed. Hadr. Junius; of the twelfth century. At first he was a monk in
comp. Brucker, Hist. Grit. Philos. vol. ii. p. 273, &c.) the monastery of St. Florus, but afterwards he was
4. Of EPIPHANEIA in Syria, a rhetorician of the appointed to the offices of superintendent of peti-'time of the emperor Anastasius. He wrote an his- tions (Efrl'Cv 8Etr oEv), professor of rhetoric (Moatorical work in nine books, intitled Xpovitc) Te7rrTo/l. torcop purJPWv), and diaconus of the great church
It consisted of two parts, the first of which embrac- of Constantinople. After being bishop elect of
ed the history from the creation to the time of Myra, he was at once raised to the archbishopric
Aeneias; and the second from the time of Aeneias of Thessalonica, in which office he remained until'down to the twelfth year of the reign of the empe- his death in A. D. 1198.- The funeral orations which
ror Anastasius. With the exception of a few frag- were delivered upon him by Euthymius and Miments, the whole work is lost. (Evagrius, iii. 37, chael Choniates are still extant in MS. in the Bodvi. in fin.; Nicephor. Prooem. and xiv. 57; Sui- leian Library at Oxford. The praise which is bedas, s. v, EvrTarios.) There is another Eustathius stowed upon him by Nicetas Choniates (viii. p. 238,
of Epiphaneia, who belongs to an earlier date, and x. p. 334) and Michael Psellus (Du Cange, Glossar.
was present among the Arians at the synod of Se- s. v. 4-rcop) is perfectly justified by the works of
leuceia, in A. D. 359. (Epiphan. lxxiii. 26; Chron. Eustathius that have come down to us: they conAlexandr. p. 296. ed. Cange.) tamn the amplest proofs that he was beyond all dis5, An EROTIC writer, or novelist whose name is pute the most learned man of his age. His works
written in some MSS. "Eumathius." With regard consist of commentaries on ancient Greek poets,
to his native place, he is called in the MSS. of his theological treatises, homilies, epistles, &c., the first
work MCafpelBoAiT7'$, which is usually referred to of which are to us the most important. These comConstantinople,or nlapeu ohxiT77s, according to which mentaries shew that Eustathius possessed the most
he would be a native of the Egyptian town of Pa- extensive knowledge of Greek literature, from the
rembole. He appears to have been a man of rank, earliest to the latest times; while his other works
and high in office, for the MSS. describe him as exhibit to us the man's high personal character, and
7rporovW35eA(Loetos and Ayas Xap Tro'JvAaS, or chief his great power as an orator, which procured him
keeper of the archives, The time at which he lived the esteem of the imperial family of the Comneni.
is uncertain, but it is generally believed that he The most important of all his works is, 1. His
cannot be placed earlier than the twelfth century of commentary on the Iliad and Odyssey (Ilapicl3oour era, so that his work would be the latest Greek Aal eis TRv'Oluipov'ImAdsa ica-'Ovareoav), or
novel that we know of. Some writers, such as rather his collection of extracts from earlier comCave, confound him with Eustathius, the archbishop mentators of those two poems. This vast compilaof Thessalonica, from whom lie must surely be dis- tion was made with the most astonishing diligence
tinguished. The novel which he wrote, and through and perseverance from the numerous and extensive
which alone his name' has come down to us, bears works of the Alexandrian grammarians and crithe title, To Kaca''ToiAv' K' kal'ToIcav L' apia, and tics, as well as from later commentators; and as
consists of eleven books, at the end of the last of nearly all the works from which Eustathius made'which the author himself mentions the title. It is his extracts are lost, his commentary is of inca!cala story of the love of Hysminias and -Hysmine, lable value to us, for he has preserved at least the