A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

EUSEBIUS, )EUSTATHIUS. 119
Hist. Ari. 5.) We regret in this instance, Alexandria, Eusebius proceeded to Antioch, where
as in others, that we have not the complete he attempted in vain to heal the dissensions excited
work of Philostorgius, the Arian historian, who, by the election of Paulinus; and after visiting many
*however, in one of his remaining fragments, does churches in the East, returned at length to his own
not hesitate to attribute miracles to Eusebius. diocese, where he died, according to St. Jerome, in
(Waddington, Church Hist. ch. vii.) Athanasius A. D. 370.
(Orat. ii.) considers him as the teacher rather than We possess three Epistolae of this father. 1. Ad
the disciple of Arius; and afterwards, when the Constantium Augustum. 2. Adpresbyteros et plebes
-Arians were divided among themselves into parties, Italiae, written on the occasion of his banishment,
-those who maintained the perfect likeness which to which is attached Libellusfacti, a sort of protest
the substance of the Son bore to that of the Father against the violent conduct of the Arian bishop
a (Homoiousians) against the Consubstantialists, on Patrophilus, who was in some sort his jailor during
-the one hand, and the pure Arians, or Anomoians, his residence at Scythopolis. 3. Ad Gregorium.on the other, pleaded the authority of this Euse- Episc. Hisp., found among the fragments of Hilabius. The tenets of this party were sanctioned by rifs (xi. ~ 5). He executed also a translation of
the Council of Seleuceia, A. D. 359. (Theodor. 1. c.; the commentary drawn up by his namesake, EuseSozom. 1. c.; Socrates, ii. 5; Cave, Hist. Lit. vol. bius of Caesareia, on the Psalms; and an edition of
i.; Neander; Kirchengeschichte, vol. ii. p. 773, &c.; the Evangelists, from a copy said to be transcribed
Tillemont, sur es A riens, art. 66; see also an ency- by his own hand, preserved at Vercelli, was pub.
clical letter from the synod of Egyptian bishops to lished at Milan, 4to. 1748, by J. A. Irico.
be found in Athan. Apol. c. Ar. ~ 10O) [G.E. L.C.] The abovementioned letters are given in the
EUSE'BIUS, surnamed SCHOLASTICUS, a Greek Bibl. Patr. Max., Lugdun. 1677, vol. v. p. 1127;
~historian who lived about A. D. 400, for he is said in'the Bibl. Pair. of Galland, vol. v. p. 78, and in
to have been an eye-witness of the war of the Ro- all the larger collections of the fathers. (Hieron.. mans against Gainas, king of the Goths. He was de Viris Ill. c. 96.) [W. R.]
a follower of Troilus, and wrote the history of the EUSTA'THIUS. (EV'TdrLos.) 1. Bishop of
Gothic war, in hexameter verse, in four books. ANTIOCH, was a native of Side, a town in PamHis work is said to have been very popular:at the phylia, but according to Nicetas Choniates (v. 9),
time, but has not come down to us. (Socrat. H. E. he was descended from a family of Philippi in Mavi. 6; Niceph. H. E. xiii. 6.) [L. S.] cedonia. He was a contemporary of the emperor
EUSE'BIUS VERCELLENSIS, an active Constantine the Great, and was at first bishop of
champion of orthodoxy during the troubles which Beroea in Syria, but the council of Nicaea appointagitated the church in the middle of the fourth ed him bishop of Antioch. (Nicet. Chon. v. 6.) At
century, was a native of Sardinia, passed his early the opening of the council of Nicaea he is said to.life as an ecclesiastical reader at Rome, and in A. D. have been the first who addressed the emperor in a
340 was, by Pope Julius, ordained bishop of Ver- panegyric, (Theodoret, i. 7.) Eustathius was a
celli, where, although an utter.stranger, he in a zealous defender of the Catholic faith, and a bitter
very brief space acquired the love and respect of all enemy of the Arians, who therefore did everything
by the simplicity of his life, and by the interest to deprive him of his position and influence. A
which he manifested in the spiritual welfare of his synod of Arian prelates was convened at Antioch,
flock and his clergy. The latter he was wont to at which such heavy, though unfounded, charges
assemble in his house and retain for long periods, were brought against him, that he was deposed, and
living with them in common, and stimulating them the emperor sent him into exile to Trajanopolis in
by his example to acts of devotion and self-denial. Thrace, in A. D. 329 or 330. (Socrat. i. 24; SozoThis is said to be the first instance upon record men, ii. 19; Theodoret, i. 21; Philostorig. ii. 7.)
of an attempt to combine the duties of an active A long time after, his innocence and the calumnies
priesthood with monastic observances, and is be- of his enemies became known through a woman
lieved to have led the way to the institution of who had been bribed to bear false witness against
regular canons, and to have suggested many, of the him, and who, on her death-bed, confessed her
principles upon which cathedral establishments crime; but it was too late, for Eustathius had alwere formed and regulated. Eusebius, in A. p. 354, ready died in his exile. He is praised by the ecat the request of Liberius, undertook, in company olesiastical writers as one of the worthiest and boliwith Lucifer of Cagliari and the deacon Hilarius, est men. (Athanas. Ep. ad Solit. p. 629; Sozoan embassy to Constantius, by whom the persecu- men. ii. 19.) Eustathius was the author of several
tion of Athanasius had been sanctioned. In con- works, but among those which now bear his name,
sequence of their urgent representations the council' there are two which can scarcely have been his
of Milan was summoned the following year, where -productions, viz., the address which he is said to
Eusebius pleaded the cause of the true faith with have delivered to the emperor Constantine at the
so much freedom and energy, that the Arian em- council of Nicaea, and which is printed with a Latin
peror, we are told, in a transport of rage drew his version in Fabric. Bibl. Gr. vol. ix. p. 1 32, &c., and
sword upon the orator, whom he banished on the secondly, a commentary, or i7rJouve1ua, on the Hexspot to Scythopolis, a city in the Decapolis of anmeron, which was edited, with a Latin translaSyria. From thence he was transported into Cap- tion and copious notes, by Leo Allatius, Lugdun.
padocia, and afterwards to the Thebaid, where he 1629, 4to. This work is not mentioned by any
remained until restored to liberty by the edict of ancient writer, and the only authority forascribijng
Julian, published in A. D. 362, pronouncing the it to Eustathius, is the MS. used by Allatius, in,recall of the exiled prelates. Repairing to Alexan- which it bears his name. But the work itself also
dria, in compliance with the request of Athanasius, contains proofs that it cannot have been written by
he was present at the great council (of 362), and Eustathius. A work against Origen, entitled Karar
his name is appended to the proceedings, being the'lpLyvous oLavyvorciKlrs fi.'ris'yaayopouOou
only signature expressed in Latin characters. From Seop9JuEa, on the other hand, is mentioned by Hie