A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

EURYMEDON, EURYMEDON. IIi'
under obligation by accepting money from. him, or'At the end of this campaign, he was appointed
going to his house (ii. 25). [C. P. M.] one of the commanders of the-large reinforcements
EURY'MACHUS (Evp~ulaXos), the name of destined for Sicily, and early in B. c. 425 set sail
four mythical personages, viz. one of the suitors of with forty ships, accompanied by his colleague
Hippodameia (Paus. vi. 21.' ~ 6), a prince of the Sophocles, and by Demosthenes also, in a private
Phlegyes who attacked and destroyed Thebes after capacity, though allowed to use the ships for any
the death of Amphion and Zethus (Eustath. ad purpose he pleased on the coast of: Peloponnesus.
Homrn. p. 933), a son of Theano (Paus. x. 27), and They were ordered to touch at Corcyra on their
one of the suitors of Penelope. (Hom. Od. i. 399, way, and information of the arrivalithere of a Pe&c., xxii. 88.) [L. S.]: loponnesian squadron made the commanders so
EURY'MACHUS (EpvuaaXors), grandson of anxious to hasten thither, that it was against their
another Eurymachus and son of Leontiades, the will, and only by the accident of stormy weather,
Theban commander at Thermopylae, who led his that Demosthenes contrived to execute his project
men over to Xerxes. Herodotus in his account of of fortifying Pylos. [DEMOSTHENES.] This howthe father's conduct relates, that the son in after ever, once completed, had the effect of recalling
time was killed by the Plataeans, when.at the the enemy from Corcyra: their sixty ships passed
head of four hundred men and occupying their unnoticed by Eurymedon and Sophocles, then in
city. (Herod. vii. 233.) This is, no doubt, the Zacynthus, and-made their way to Pylos,. whither
same event which Thucydides (ii. 1-7) records on intelligence from Demosthenes, the Athenian
as the first overt act of the Peloponnesian war, squadron presently. pursued them. Here they apB. C. 431. The number of men was by his account pear to have remained till the capture of the Sparonly a little more than three hundred, nor was Eury- tans in the island; and after this, proceeded to
machus the actual commander, but the enterprise Corcyra to execute their original commission of
had been negotiated by parties in Plataea through reducing the oligarchical exiles, by whose warfare
him, and the conduct of it would therefore no from the hill Istone the city was suffering severely.
doubt be entrusted very much to him. The In this they succeeded: the exiles were driven
family was clearly one of the great aristocratical from their fortifications, and surrendered on condihouses. Thucydides (ii. 2) calls Eurymachus " a tion of being judged at Athens, and remaining, till
man of the greatest power in Thebes." [A. H. C.] removal thither, in Athenian custody; while, on
EURYME'DE (EVpvlun8i), the name of two the other hand, by any attempt to escape they
mythical personages. [GLAUCUS; MELEAGER.] should be considered to forfeit all terms. Into
EURY'MEDON (Epvpuiue8wv). 1. A Cabeirus, such an attempt they were treacherously inveigled
a son of Hephaestus and Cabeiro, and a brother of by their countrymen, and handed over in conseAlcon. (Nonn. Dionys. xiv. 22; Cic. de Nat. quence by'the Athenian generals to a certain and
JDeor. iii.- 21.) cruel death at the hands of their betrayers. This
2.. One of the attendants of Nestor. (Hom. II. shameful proceeding was encouraged, so Thucyviii. 114, xi. 620.) dides expressly states, by the evident reluctance of
3. A son of Ptolemaeus, and charioteer of Aga- Eurymedon and Sophocles to allow other hands
memnon; his tomb was shewn at Mycenae. (Hom. than their own to present their prizes at Athens,
II. iv. 228; Paus. ii. 16. ~ 5.) There are two while they should be away in Sicily. To Sicily
more mythical personages of this name. (Hom. Od. they now proceeded; but their movements were
vii. 58; Apollod. iii. 1. ~ 2.) Eurymedon signifies a presently put an end to by the general pacification'being ruling far and wide, and occurs as a surname effected under the influence of Hermocrates, to
of several divinities, such as Poseidon (Pind. 01. which the Athenian commanders themselves, with
viii. 31), Perseus (Apollon. Rhod. iv. 1514), and their allies, were induced to accede. For this. on
Hermes. (Hesych. s. v.) [L. S.] their return to Athens, the people, ascribing the
EURY MEDON (E0pvue'aov), a son of Thucles, defeat of their ambitious schemes to corruption in
an Athenian general in the Peloponnesian war, their officers, condemned two of them to banishheld in its fifth year, B. C. 428, the command of ment, visiting Eurymedon, who perhaps had shown
sixty ships, which the Athenians, on hearing of more reluctance than his colleagues, with the milder
the intestine troubles of Corcyra, and the move- punishment of a fine. (Thuc. iii. 115, iv. 2-8,
ment of the Peloponnesian fleet under Alcidas and 13, 46-48, 65.)
Brasidas to take advantage of them, hastily de- Eurymedon is not known to have held any other
spatched to maintain their interest there. This. it command till his appointment at the end of B. c.
was found, had already beenr secured by Nicostra- 414, in conjunction with Demosthenes, to the comtus with a small squadron from Naupactus. Eury- mand of the second Syracusan armament. He
medon, however, took the chief command; and the himself was sent at once, after the receipt of Ni.
seven days of his stay at Corcyra were marked by cias's letter, about mid-winter, with a supply of
the wildest cruelties inflicted by the commons on money and the news of the intended reinforcements:
their political opponents. These were no doubt in the spring he returned to meet Demosthenes at
encouraged by the presence of so large an Athenian Zacynthus. Their subsequent joint proceedings
force: how far they were personally sanctioned, or belong rather to the story of his more able colhow far they could have been checked by Eury- league. In the night attack on Epipolae he took
moedon, can hardly be determined. (Thuc. iii. 80, a share, and united with. Demosthenes in the sub'.81, 85.) sequent representations to Nicias of the necessity
In the following summer he was united with for instant departure. His career was ended inr
Hipponicus in command of the whole Athenian the first of the two sea fights. His command was
force by land. and, co-operating with a fleet under on the right wing, and while endeaveuring by
Nicias, ravaged the district of Tanagra, and ob- the extension of his line to outflank the enemy, he
tained sufficient success over some Thebans and was, by the defeat of the Athenian centre, cut off
T.anagraeans to justify a trophy. (Thuc. iii. 91.) and surrounded in the recess of the harbour, his