A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

NICAENETUS. N ICANDER. 1173
C6ncilia the passages cited under the' title of'p. 590,'b.) speaks of him as either of Samos or of
TErpd8la, Quaterniones, are apparently from a col- Abdera, and Stephanus Byzantinus (s. v.'A~s71pa)
lection of his Homiliae or Sermons (Socrates, H.E. mentions among the celebrated Abderites, NLai[vii. 29, 31, 32, 34; Evagrius, H. E. i. 2-7; Ve'ros earo7roLsr. Athenaeus (xv. p. 673, f.) speaks
Theophanes,' Chronographia; Theodoret. Haeret. of him in connexion with his celebrating a SaFabular. Comepend. iv. 12; Liberatus, Breviarium; mian usage, as being a poet of strong native tenLeontius Byzant. De Sectis, act. iv.; Gennadius, dencies. From Athenaeus (p. 673, b.) we infer that
1. c.; Mercator, 1. c.; Concilia, vol. i. col. 1271, &c. he lived prior to the age of Phylarchus, who wrote
&c. ed. Hardouin.; Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. x. B.c. 219. (Clinton, F. H. vol. iii. pp. 519, 563.)
p. 529, &c.; Cave, Hist. Litt. vol. i. p. 412, &c. ed. He wrote, among other things, a list of illustrious
Oxford, fol. 1740-42; Tillemont, Mgnooires, vol. women, and epigrams. (Athen. 11. cc.) Six epixiv. passim. Fabricius has given a minute account grams ascribed to him, the fourth very doubtfully,
of the works of Nestorius and of the ancient are inserted in the Anthologia of Jacobs (vol. i.
writers on the Nestorian controversy.) [J. C. M.] p. 205, vol. xiii. p. 921; comp. Fabric. Bibl. Graec.
NESTUS. [NEssus, No. 1.] vol. iv. p. 484). [W. M. G.]
NICAEA (NKcala), a nymph, the daughter of NICA'GORAS (NcKacy7pas), historical. 1. A
the river-god Sangarius and Cybele. She was Messenian, connected by the ties of hospitality
beloved by a shepherd, Hvymnus, and killed! him, with Archidamus, king of Sparta. When Archibut Eros took vengeance upon her, and Dionysus, damns fled into Messenia, Nicagoras provided hiun
who first intoxicated her, made her mother'of with a dwelling and all necessaries; and whell
Telete, whereupon she hung herself. Dionysus Cleomenes held out hopes to Archidamus of his
called the town of Nicaea after her. (Nonnus, restoration, Nicagoras conducted the negotiations,
Dionys. xvi.; Memnon, ap. Phot. Bibl. p. 233, ed. and in the end accompanied him back to Sparta.
Bekker.) [L. S.] Archidamus was put to death by Cleomenes, but
NICAEA (N[KaLa). 1. Daughter of Antipater, Nicagoras was spared. Having subsequently met
was sent by her father to Asia to be married to Cleomenes at Alexandria, when compelled to fly
Perdiccas, B.c. 323, at a time when the former to the court of his friend Ptolemy Euergetes
still hoped to maintain friendly relations with the [CLEOMENES, Vol. I. p. 795], Nicagoras enregent. Perdiccas, though already entertaining deavoured to avenge the death of Archidamus
hostile designs, married Nicaea: but not long af- by inducing Sosibius to charge Cleomenes with
terwards, by the advice of Eumenes, determined to conspiring against the king's life. Cleomenes was
divorce her, and marry Cleopatra instead. This placed in confinement, but afterwards escaped.
step, which he took just before setting out on his (Polyb. v. 37, &c.; Plut. Agis et Cleona. p. 821, b.)
expedition to Egypt, led to an immediate rupture 2. A. Rhodian, who, with Agesilochus and
between him and Antipater. (Arrian, ap. Phot. 70, Nicander, was twice sent on an embassy to the
a, b; Diod. xviii. 23.) We hear no more of Ni- Romans, in B. c. 169, to Rome, and in B. C. 168,
caea for some time, but it appears that she was to the consul Aemilius Paullus in Macedonia. See
afterwards —though at what period we know not AGESILOCHUS, Vol. I. p. 70. (Polyb. xxviii. 2.
- married to Lysimachus, who named after her 14.) [C. P. M.]
the city, so celebrated in later times, on the Ascanian NICA'GORAS,'literary. An Athenian sophist,
lake in Bithynia. (Strabo. xii. p. 565; Steph. the son of the rhetorician Mnesaeus, who lived in
Byz. s. v. Nltcan.) the time of the emperor Philippus. He wrote an
2. Wife of Alexander, tyrant of Corinth during account of the lives of various illustrious men (atoL
the reign of Antigonus Gonatas. After the death EAhAoyi'wv), of Cleopatra of the Troad, and a speech
of her husband, who was thought to have been composed on the occasion of an embassy to the
poisoned by the command of the Macedonian king, emperor. He had a son named Minucianus.
Nicaea retained possession of the important fortress The writings of Minucianus [see above, p. 1092, a]
of Corinth: but Antigonus lulled her into security are sometimes erroneously attributed to his son
by offering her the hand of his son Demetrius in Nicagoras. (Suidas, s. vv. MLvoviclav's, Nla'ydpass;
marriage, and took the opportunity during the Philostr. Vit. Soph. II. Aspas. extr.) [C. P. M.]
nuptial festivities to surprise the citadel. (Plut. NICANDER (NcKavspos), historical. 1. A
Arat. 17; Polyaen. iv. 6. ~ 1.) She is probably the king of Sparta, the eighth of the family of the
same person mentioned by Suidas (s. v. E]hpopianv) as Proclidae, the son of Charilaus, and the father
patronising the poet Eup!lorion, though that author of Theopompus. He was contemporary with Telecalls her husband ruler of Euboea, instead of Corinth. clus, and reigned twenty-eight or twenty-nine
3. There' is a Nicaea mentioned by Livy years, about B. C. 809-770. (Pausan. iii. 7. ~ 4.
(xxxv. 26), as the wife of Craterus (i. e. probably See Clinton, Fasti Hell. vols. i. and ii.) Some of
the brother of Antigonus Gonatas of that name), of his sayings are preserved by Plutarch (Lacon.
whom nothing more is known. [E. H. B.] Apoplthegnm. vol. ii. p. 155, ed. Tauchn.)
NICAEARCHUS, a painter, whose age and 2. A piratical captain (archipirata) in the emcountry are unknown, painted Venus among the ployment of Polyxenidas, the commander of the
Graces and Cupids, and Hercules sad in repent- fleet of Antiochus, against Pausistratus, the Rhoance for his madness. (Plin. xxxv. 11. s. 40. ~ dian admiral, B.C. 190. (Liv. xxxvii. 11.)
36.) [P. S.] 3. An Aetolian, who, when his countrymen
NICAEAS, bishop of Aquileia, about the middle were endeavouring to organize a coalition against
of the fifth century, is spoken of under NICETAS, the Romans, was sent as ambassador to Philip V.,
p. 1185. king of Macedonia, B. c. 193, to urge him to join
NICAE'NETUS (Nuia[yeros), an epigrammatic the league, but without effect. (Liv. xxxv. 12.)
poet, was, according to the conjecture of Jacobs Two years later, B. C. 191, he was sent, together
(Anthol. Graec. vol. xiii. p. 921), a native of Ab- with Thoas, to beg the assistance of Antiochus the
dora, but had settled in Samos. Athenaeus (xiii. Great, king of Syria. By extraordinary diligenlce
~,3