A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

NABARZANES. NABIS. 1133
Phidias, about B. c. 444. (Sillig, s. v.) He is that their designs were discovered by Patron, and
mentioned as one of the most distinguished en- made known to the king, refused to take refuge
gravers by Pliny (H. N. xxxiii. 12. s. 55), Pro- among the Greek mercenaries. By command of
pertius (iii. 7. 14), Martial (viii. 33, 50, xiv. 93), Bessus,Dareius was seized, and thrown into chains,
and Statius (Silv. i. 3. 50). [P. S.] and murdered, when they were overtaken by AlexMYSCELLUS (MoKceAXos, or MdSKeAos), a ander. Nabarzanes fled into Hyrcania; and when
native of Rhypes, one of the twelve divisions of Alexander reached the river Ziobaris or Stiboetes,
Achaia, and, according to Ovid (JlIetam. xv. 15) sent a letter to him, offering to surrender himself if
a Heraclide, and the son of an Argive named assured of personal safety. This was promised
Alemon. He led the colony which founded Crotona, him, upon which he gave himself up, bringing with
B.c. 710. They were assisted in founding the him a large amount of presents, among which was
city by Archias, who was on his way to Sicily the, beautiful eunuch Bagoas [BAGOAS], through
[ARcHIAS]. The colony was led forth under the whose entreaties mainly Alexander was induced to
sanction of the Delphic oracle, Myscellus having pardon Nabarzanes. Of his further fate we have
previously been to survey the locality. He was so no notice. (Q. Curt. iii. 9. ~ 1, 7. ~ 22, v. 9. ~ 2,
much better pleased with the site of Sybaris, that 10. ~ 1, &c., 11. ~ 8, 12. ~ 1.5, 13. ~ 18, vi. 3. ~ 9,
on his return he made an unsuccessful attempt to 4. ~ 8, 5. ~ 22; Arrian, iii. 21.) [C. P. M.]
persuade the Delphic god to allow the colonists to NABDALSA, a Numidian chief, conspicuous
select Sybaris as their place of settlement. Re- both from his birth and wealth, who enjoyed a
specting the choice offered to Archias and Mys- high place in the favour of Jugurtha, by whom he
cellus by the oracle, and the selection which each was frequently employed in services of the most
made, see ARCHIAs, Vol. I. p. 265. (Strab. vi. important nature. In consequence of the confipp. 262, 269, viii. p. 387; Dionys. ii. p. 361; dence thus reposed in him by the Numidian king,
Schol. ad Arist. Equit. 1089; Suidas s. v. Mb- he was the person selected by Bomilcar as his inatceAos; Clinton, F. H. vol. i. anno 710, vol. ii. tended minister in his designs against the life of
p. 265; Miiller, Dorians, i. 6. ~ 12.) [C. P. M.] that monarch [BOMIICAR]; but the negligence of
MY'SIA (Mvar'a). 1. A surname of Demeter, Nabdalsa suffered these projects to transpire. Bowho had a temple, Mvuaaov, between Argos and milcar was seized and put to death, but we are
Mycenae and at Pellene. It is said to have been not informed whether Nabdalsa shared the salme
derived from an Argive Mysius, who received her fate. (Sall. Jug. 70-72.) [E. H. B.]
kindly during her wanderings, and built a sanc- NABIS (NdCls), succeeded in making himself
tuary to her. (Paus. ii. 18. ~ 3, 35. ~ 3, vii. 27. tyrant of Lacedaemon on the death of Machanidas,
~ 4.) B. C. 207. To obviate the inconvenience of having
2. A surname of Artemis, under which she was a rival at any future time, he had Pelops, son of
worshipped in a sanctuary near Sparta. (Paus. iii. the king Lycurgus, who was still quite young,
20. ~ 9.) [L. S.] assassinated. To secure himself still further, he
M YSON (Mv'sov), a native of Chenae or Chen, carried the licence of tyranny to the furthest posa village either in Laconia (according to Stephanus sible extent; put to death or banished all the
Byz.) or on Mount Oeta (according to Pausanias, x. wealthiest and most eminent citizens, and even
24, ~ 1), who is enumerated by Plato (Protag. 28, pursued them in exile, sometimes causing them to
p. 343) as one of the seven sages, in place of Peri- be murdered on their road; at other times, when
ander. [C. P. M.] they had reached some friendly city, getting persons
MYTILE'NE (MvrthivnY), a daughter of Macar not likely to be suspected to hire houses next to
or Pelops, became by Poseidon the mother of those in which the exiles had taken up their abode,
Myton. The town of Mytilene in Lesbos was and then sending his emissaries to break through
believed to have derived its name from her, or the party-walls, and assassinate them in their own
from her son, or from a personage of the name of houses. All persons possessed of property who
Mytilus. (Steph. Byz. s. v.) [L. S.] remained at Sparta were subjected to incessant exactions, and the most cruel tortures if they did not
succeed in satisfying his rapacity. One of his
N. engines of torture resembled the maiden of more
recent times: it was a figure resembling his wife
NABARZAINES (NaCap'dYvt), a Persian in Apega, so constructed as to clasp the victim and
the service of Dareius. He is first spoken of by'pierce him to death with the nails with which the
Q. Curtius on the occasion of his sending a letter to arms and bosom of the figure were studded. (Polyb.
Sisines, a Persian attached to Alexander, exhorting xiii. 7.) The money which he got by these means
him apparently to contrive his assassination. Na- and by the plunder of the temples enabled him to
barzanes commanded the Persian cavalry on the raise a large body of mercenaries, whom he selected
right wing at the battle of Issus. Afterwards, from among the most abandoned and reckless vilwhen the fortunes of Dareius seemed desperate, lains: murderers, burglars, thieves, and reprobates
Nabarzanes joined Bessus and Barsaentes in plot- of every kind found an asylum in Sparta and a
ting either to kill Dareius, or to give him up to patron in Nabis. He likewise manumitted a great
Alexander. In a council held after quitting Ecba- number of helots and slaves, and apportioned them
tana, he had the audacity to propose that Dareius lands. He extended his protection over the pirates
should retire into one of the remote provinces of of Crete, whom he sheltered and assisted, receiving
the empire, and for a time resign his authority a share of their booty. Nor did he content himself
as king into the hands of Bessus. Dareius was so with making Sparta a den of robbers, emissaries of
incensed at the proposal, that he drew his scimitar, the same sort were scattered over all parts of Peloand was with difficulty prevented from killing ponnesus, the proceeds of whose plunder he shared,
Nabarzanes on the spot. The conspirators now while he afforded them a refuge whenever danger
resolved to seize Dareius, who, notwithstanding threatened. When he first opened negotiations