A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

EURIPIDAS. EURIPIDES; 103
sieged, was in the end successfully executed by but Was pursued and defeated by Lycus, the
212 of them, under the guidance of the same two lieutenant-general of the Achaeans. (Polyb. iv.
leaders. (Thuc. iii. 20-23.) [A. H. C.] 19, 59, 69-72, v. 94, 95.) [E. E.]
EUPOMPUS (Ebnroturos), of Sicyon, one of EURI'PIDES (E3pL7r8qs). 1. A tragic poet
the most distinguished Greek painters, was the of Athens, is mentioned by Suidas as having
contemporary of Zeuxis, Parrhasius, andTimanthes, flourished earlier than his more celebrated nameand the instructor of Pamphilus, the master of sake. He was the author of twelve plays, two of;
Apelles, He was held in such esteem by his con- which gained the prize. (Suid. s. v. Esupsrlfhs.)
temporaries, that a new division was made of the 2. The distinguished tragic writer, of the Atheschools'of art, and he was placed at the head of nian demus of Phlya in the Cecropid tribe, or, as
one of them. Formerly only two schools had been others state it, of Phyle in the tribe Oeneis, was,
recognized, the Greek Proper or Helladic, and the the son of Mnesarchus and Cleito, and was born in
Asiatic; but the fame of Eupompus led to the B. c. 485, according to the date of the Arundell
creation of a new school, the Sicyonian, as a branch marble, for the adoption of which Hartung conof the Helladic, and the division then adopted was tends. (Eur. Restitutus,- p. 5, &c.) This testithe Ionian, the Sicyonian, and the Attic, the last mony, however, is outweighed by the other
of which had, no doubt, Apollodorus for its head. statements on the subject, from which it apAnother instance of the influence of Eupompus is pears that his parents were among those who, on
his celebrated answer to Lysippus, who, at the be- the invasion of Xerxes, had fled from Athens to
ginning of his career, asked the great painter whom Salamis (Herod. vii. 41), and that the poet was
he should take for his model; and Eupompus born in that island in B. c. 480. (See Clinton,
answered that he ought to imitate nature herself, sub anno.) Nor need we with Muller (Greek
and no single artist. The only work of Eupompus Literature, p. 358) set it down at once as a mere
which is mentioned is a victor in the games carry- legend that his birth took place on the very day of
ing a palm. (Plin. xxxiv. 8. s. 19. ~ 6, xxxv. 9, the battle of Salamis (Sept. 23), though we may
10. s. 36. ~~ 3, 7.) [P. S.] look with suspicion on the' way in which it was
EU'PREPES, celebrated in the racing annals of contrived to bring the three great tragic poets of
Rome as having carried off 782 chaplets of victory, Athens into ionnexion with the most glorious day
-a greater number than any single individual be- in her annals. (Hartung, p. 10.) Thus it has
fore his time had ever won. He was put to death been said that, while Euripides then first saw the
when an old man, upon the accession of Caracalla light, Aeschylus in the maturity of manhood
(A.D. 211), because the colours which lie wore in fought in the battle, and Sophocles, a beautiful boy
the circus were different from those patronised by of 15, took part in the chorus at the festival which
the prince, who favoured the Blues. (Dion Cass. celebrated the victory. If again we follow the
lxxvii. 1.) [W. R.] exact date of Eratosthene's, who: represents EuriEURI'PIDAS, or EURI'PIDES (Eipariaas, pides as 75 at his death:]in'B. c. 406, his birth
EvpLrf877/s), an Aetolian, who, when his country- must be assigned to B. c.:481, as Miiller places it.
men, with the help of Scerdilai'das the Illyrian, It has also been said that'he received his name in
had gained possession of Cynaetha, in Arcadia commemoration of the battle of Artemisium, which
(B. c. 220), was at first appointed governor of the took place near the Euripus not long before he was
town; but the Aetolians soon after set fire to it, born, and in the same year-;: but Euripides was
fearing the arrival of the Macedonian succours for not a new name, and:belongeid, as we have seen,
which Aratus had applied. In the next year, B. C. to an earlier tragic writer. (See, too, Thuc. ii.
219, being sent as general to the Eleans, then 70, 79.) With respect to the station in life of his
allied with Aetolia, he ravaged the lands of Dyme, parents, we may safely reject the account given in
Pharae, and Tritaea, defeated Miccus, the lieu- Stobaeus (see Barnes, Eur. Vit. ~ 5), that his
tenant-general of the Achaeans, and seized an father was a Boeotian, banished from his country
ancient stronghold, named Teichos, near Cape for bankruptcy. His mother, it is well known, is
Araxus, whence he infested the enemy's territory represented by Aristophanes as a herb-seller, and
more effectually. In the winter of the same year not a very honest one either (Ach. 454, Thesmi.
he advanced from Psophis, in Arcadia, where he 387, 456, 910, Eq. 19, Ran. 839; Plin. xxii. 22;
had his head-quarters, to invade Sicyonia, having Suid. s. vv. ZKc&vza, LatKav8,Kuiaps; Hesych. s. a.
with him a body of 2200 foot and 100 horse. KSc4v&, ); and we find the same statement made.
During the night he passed the encampment of by Gellius (xv. 20) from Theopompus; but to
the Macedonians, in the Phliasian territory, with- neither of these testimonies can much weight be
out being aware of their vicinity; on discovering accorded (for Theopompus, see Plut. Lys. 30;
which from some foragers in the morning, he Ael. V. H. iii. 18; Clem. Alex. Strom. i. 1;
hastened back, hoping to pass them again, and to Joseph. c. Apion. i. 24; C. Nep. Ale. 11), and;
arrive at Psophis without an engagement; but, they are contradicted by less exceptionable authofalling in with them in the passes of Mount Ape- rities. That the family of Euripides was of a rank'
laurus, between Phlius and Stymphalus, he basely far from mean is asserted by Suidas (s. v.) and'
deserted his troops, and made his escape to Pso- Moschopulus ( Vit. Eur.) to have been proved by'
phis, with a small number of horsemen, while Philochorus in a work no longer extant, and seems,
almost all the Eleans were either cut to pieces by indeed, to be borne out by what Athenaeus (x. p.
the Macedonians, or perished among the moun- 424, e.) reports from Theophrastus, that the poet,
tains. Philip then advanced on Psophis, and when a boy, was cup-bearer to a'chorus of noble'
compelled it to capitulate, Euripidas being allowed Athenians at the Thargelian festival,-an office for
to return in safety to Aetolia. In B. C. 217 we which nobility of blood was requisite. We know'
find him acting again as general of the Eleans, who also that he was taught rhetoric by Prodicus, who'
had requested that he might be sent to supersede was certainly not moderate in his terms for inPyrrhias. He ravaged Achaia in this campaign, struction, and who was in' the habit, -as Philos