A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

1128 MUTINES. MYCERINUS.,year le had to resist Sulla, who had penetrated ceeded Marcellus in the command,' seems to have
into Samnium, but he experienced a total defeat, been wholly unable to repress these sallies; but
was badly wounded in the engagement, and fled the envy and jealousy of the Carthaginian general
with a few troops to Aesernia. (Appian, B. C. i. at length effected what the Roman arms could not,
40, 42, 51; Oros. v. 18; Veil. Pat. ii. 16; Diod. and Hanno. having been prompted by these base
xxxvii. Ecl. 1.) The name of this Samnite leader motives to the dangerous step of superseding Muis given differently; but C. Papius Mutilus seems tines in his command, the latter, fired with resentto have been his real name. Orosius calls him ment at the indignity, immediately entered into
Papius Mutilus; Velleius terms him Papius Muti- communication with the Romans, and betrayed
lius; and Appian styles him in two passages (i. Agrigentum into the hands of Laevinus. (Liv. xxvi.
40, 42) C. Papius, and in the third (i. 51) Motilus, 21, 40; Zonar. ix. 7.) For this service he was rewho is evidently the same person as the one he had warded with the rights of a Roman citizen, in addipreviously called C. Papius. Diodorus names him tion to other honours. (Liv. xxvii. 5.) [E. H. B.]
C. Aponius Motulus (Mo'rvAos). The name Mu- MU'TIUS, a Roman architect of very great
tilus has been conjectured by a recent writer to be skill, who flourished in the first century B. c., and
the same as Metellus, but there is no certainty on built the temple Honoris et Virtutis Marianae.'this point. (Comp. Prosper Mdrimee, Eltudes sur (Vitruv. vii. Praef. ~ 17.) [P. S.]
I'Histoire Romaiwe, vol. i. pp. 137, 138,- Paris, MUTO or MUTTO, Q. was a man of the
1844.) lowest rank, who was prosecuted by L. Laelius.
Appian relates (B. C. iv. 25), in his account of (Cic. pro Scaeur. 2, pro Fundan. Fr. i. p. 445, of
the proscription of B. c. 43, that there was one the fourth volume of Orelli's Cicero.) [r. B. D.]
Statius proscribed who had distinguished himself MUTUNUS or MUTINUS, that is, the
greatly as a leader of the Samnites in the Social phallus, or Priapus, which was believed to be the
war, and who had afterwards been admitted into most powerful averter of demons, and of all evil
the Roman senate on account of the renown of his that resulted from pride and boastfulness, and the
exploits, his wealth, and his noble birth. He was like. The name is probably connected with
then eighty years of age, and his name was put UwvvTds or IUA'vr7s, i. e. d arpos ra dgpoapiola eKAEdown on the fatal list on account of his wealth. Avz'evos. Mutunus is usually mentioned with the
Now, as there is no one known in the Social war surname Tutunus or Tutinus, which seems to be
of the name of Statius, Wesseling conjectured (ad connected with the verb tueri. A public Mutunus,
D.iod. 1. c.) that we ought to read Papius instead; that is, the one who averted evil from the city of
and this correction has been generally received by Rome and the republic, had a sanctuary in the
subsequent writers. The principal objection to it, upper part of Velia, which existed there down to
however, is that Livy speaks (Epit. 89) of the the time of Augustus, when it was removed outdeath of a Mutilus in the proscription of Sulla; and side the city. (Arnob. adv. Gent. iv. 7; August.
from the prominence given to the death of this De Civ. Dei, iv. 11; Lactant. i. 20; Tertull. Apol.
person in the Epitome, it would almost appear as 25; Fest. p. 154, ed. Miiller.) [L. S.]
if he intended the great Samnite leader. (Comp. MYAGRUS, a Phocaean, is mentioned by
Prosper Mgrimee, Ibid. vol. i. p. 325.) Pliny among those statuaries who made athletas et
MU/TILUS, PA'PIUS, a flatterer of Tiberius, armatos et'venatores sacrificantesqze (II. N. xxxiv. 8.
proposed in the senate, A. D. 16, that the 13th of s. 19. ~ 34), and by Vitruvius as one of those arSeptember-the day on which Scribonius Libo tists who failed to attain to eminence, not for the
Drusus destroyed himself-should be observed as a want of industry and skill, but of good fortune
public holiday, and that offerings should be made (iii. Praef. ~ 2). [P. S.]
at the shrines of Jupiter, Mars, and Concordia. MYCALE'SIDES (MvKcaAwVlcSes), the moun(Tac. Ann. ii. 32.) tain nymphs of Mycale. (Callim. Hymn. in Del.
MU'TINES (MovTvas, Polybius calls him Mur- 50; Pans. vii. 4. ~ 1.) [L. S.]
ro7vas), an African by birth, belonging to the half- MYCALE'SSIA (MviaAc77cafa), a surname of
caste race called the Lybio-Phoenicians. He was Demeter, derived from Mycalessus in Boeotia,
brought up and trained in war under the eye of where the goddess had a sanctuary. (Paus. ix.
Hannibal, and having given frequent proofs of his 19. ~ 4.) [L. S.]
ability and activity as an officer, was selected by MYCE'NE (MvUKiv?1), a daughter of Inachus
that general to take the. command in Sicily after and wife of Arestor, from whom the town of
the death of Hippocrates. He accordingly joined Mycenae or Mycene was believed to have derived
Epicydes and Hanno at Agrigentum before the its name. (Hom. Od. ii. 120; Paus. ii. 16.
close of the year B. c. 212, and being placed at the ~ 3.) [L. S.]
head of the Numidian cavalry, quickly spread his MYCERI'NUS, or MECHERI'NUS (Mviceravages through great part of the island. Marcellus pivos, MEXepZyos), was son of Cheops, king of
was now compelled to turn his arms against this Egypt, according to Herodotus and Diodorus, and
new enemy, and advanced as far as the river succeeded his uncle Chephren on the throne. His
Himera, where he sustained a severe check from conduct formed a strong contrast to that of his
the cavalry of Mutines; but shortly after the jea- father and uncle, being as mild and just as
lousy of Hanno and Epicydes prompted them to theirs had been tyrannical. On the death of his
give battle during a temporary absence of the Nu- daughter, he placed her corpse within the hollow
midian leader, and they were totally defeated. body of a wooden cow, which was covered with
(Polyb. ix. 22; Liv. xxv. 40, 41.) But even gold. Herodotus tells us that it was still to be
after this blow Mutines was soon able to resume seen at SaYs in his time. We further hear of Mythe offensive, and, instead of shutting himself up cerinus that, being warned by an oracle that he
within the walls of Agrigentum, carried his daring should die at the end of six years, because he had
and destructive excursions into every part of the been a gentle ruler and had not wreaked the venisland. Laevinus, the new consul, who had suc- geance of the gods on Egypt, he gave himself up to.