A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

MUSICANUS. MUTILUS. 1127
support that view. The poem on the loves of Hero Musicanus was induced by the Brahmins to revolt.
and Leander is by a very much later author. No-' Alexander sent a force against him under Python,
thing remains of the poems attributed to Musaeus who overran the country, captured the towns, which
but the few quotations in Pausanias, Plato, Clemens he either destroyed or garrisoned, and took MusiAlexandrinus, Philostratus, and Aristotle. (Fabric. canus prisoner, together with his principal BrahBibl. Graec. vol. i. p. 119.) mins. Alexander ordered them to be crucified. It
2. An ancient Theban lyric poet, the son of has been conjectured that the name Musicanus
Thamyra and Philammon, who, according to means the khan or rajah of Moosh; but Thirlwall
Suidas (s.iv.), lived considerably before the Trojan (History of Greece, vol. vii. p. 48) doubts whether
war. the title khan was in use in the time of Alexander
3. An epic poet, a native of Ephesus, who lived on the lower Indus. Curtius gives the name Muprobably about the middle of the second century sicani to the people. (Arrian, vi. 15-17; Curt.
B. C. According to Suidas, he wrote a poem en- ix. 8.) [C. P. M.]
titled TIepar'ts, in ten books, dedicated to Eumenes MUSONIA'NUS, a native of Antioch, an
and Attalus. What Suidas means by the expres- officer under the emperor Constantine the Great
sion,'Ev sI To )s fIEP7a1rApos Kal avTds KvIAOVS, and his successors. His first name was Strategus.
it is not easy to say. He was an eloquent speaker both in Greek and
4. A grammarian, the author of the celebrated Latin, and first acquired the favour of Constantine
poem on the loves of Hero and Leander. Nothing by acquiring for him an acquaintance with the
is known of his personal history; and the- elder doctrines of the Manichaeans and other sectaries.
Scaliger even supposed that the poem was the work Pleased with his diligence, the emperor gave him
of the' ancient Athenian bard. But in many of the name of Musonianus, and promoted his adthe manuscripts the author is distinctly called vancement in office. (Amm. Marc. xv. 13.) He
Musaeus the grammarian; and it is now agreed on is well spoken of in other respects, but is charged
all hands that the poem is quite a late production. with avarice and the love of being flattered. He
According to Schrader and other critics the author supported the Arian party, and under the Arian
did not live earlier than the fifth century of our emperor, Constantius, attained the rank of praeera. The general style is quite different from the fectus praetorio Orientis, which he held from A. D.'simplicity of the older poets, and several individual 354 to 358. He was employed to punish a sediexpressions betray the lateness of its origin. The tion at Antioch, in A. D. 354. According to Lipoem was first discovered in the thirteenth century. banius, he obeyed the emperor's orders, to act with
Numerous editions of it have been published. The moderation; but Ammianus (I. c.) charges him
first, with a Latin version by Marcus Musurus, with cruelty to some poor people who were innowithout any indication of the date or place. Of cent, and letting the guilty rich escape, on' their
the rest'may be mentioned those by Kromayer, paying him heavy sums for his own advantage. In
Halae Magd. 172:1; by Schrader, 1742; by Hein- 355, he was too much employed in pillaging the
rich, 1793; by Passow, Leipzig, 1810; and' by country to defend it against the Persians, with
Schaefer, Leipzig 1825. There are several trans- whom he sought in vain to conclude a peace.
lations of the poem. In English, by Marlowe, Nothing more is known of him. (Liban. Epist. pasStapylton, Stirling, &c.; in German, by Stollberg, sins; Amm. Marc. 11. cc. and xvi. 9, xvii. 5; TillePassow, &c.; in French, by Marot, &c.; in Italian, mont, Hist. des Empereurs, vol. iv.) [J. C. M.]
by Bernardo Tasso, Bettoni, &c. [C. P. M.] MUSO'NIUS RUFUS. [RuFus.]
MUSA'GETES. [MUvsAE.] MUSSI'DIA G ENS, only occurs on coins, with
MUSCA, a surname of the Sempronia gens. the cognomen Longus. A specimen of these coins
1. T. SEMPRONIUS MUSCA, one of the five com- is given under LONGUS.
missioners appointed in Bi c. 168 to settle the dis- MUSTE'LA, was a person with whom Cicero,
putes between the Pisani and Lunenses. (Liv. in B.C. 46, had some negotiations respecting the
xlv. 13.) purchase of the Villa Clodiana (ad Att. xii. 5, 44,
2, 3. A. SEMPRONIUS and M. SEMPRONIUS, 47, xiii. 3) [W. B. D.]
his brother, bore undoubtedly the surname of M'USTE/LA, TAMI/SIUS, a native of Anagnia
MUSCA, since it is related that when they embraced in the Hernican territory, was one of M. Antony's
a certain Vargula in their canvass, the latter. called retainers in B. c. 44-3. (Cic. Phil. ii. 4, v. 6,
out Peer abige Muscas. (Cic. de Orat. ii. 60.) viii. 9, xii. 6, xiii. 2, ad Att. xvi. 11.) [W.B.D.]
4. SEMPRONIUS MUSCA, detected C. Gallius in MU'STIUS, was a Roman eques and revenuethe act of adultery with his wife, and scourged him farmer, about the time of the praetorship of Verres,
to death. (Val.'lMax. vi. 1. ~ 13.) B.C. 75, who defrauded M. Junius, a ward and
5. MuscA, mentioned by Cicero in B.C. 45, stepson of Mustius. He was once defended by
appears to have been a freedman or steward of Cicero, but the speech is lost and its occasion unAtticus. (Cic. ad Att. xii. 40.) known. (Cic. in Verr. i. 51, 52; Pseud-Ascon.
MUSICA'NUS, the ruler of a kingdom on the in Act. II. Verrian. p. 195, ed. Orelli.) [W.B.D.]
banks of the Indus, the capital of which was pro- MU'STIUS, an architect, and a friend of the
bably near Bukkur. On the sudden approach of younger Pliny. (Ep. ix.'39.) [P. S.]
Alexander (B. c. 325) Musicanus, who had hitherto MUTIA'NUS. [MUCIANUS.]
sent no tokens of submission to Alexander, being MU'TILUS, C. PA'PIUS, one of the principal
dismayed by his sudden appearance, hastened to Samnite generals in the Marsic or Social war, E. c.
meet him with humble acknowledgements of his 90-89. At the head of the greater part of tl;e
fault and rich presents. -He was graciously re- Samnite forces, he invaded Campania, took several
ceived by Alexander, who allowed him to retain of its towns, and obliged. almost all the rest to surhis kingdom, with the fertility and opulence of render to him; but having made an attack upon the
which he was greatly struck. But when Alex- camp of the consul, Sex. Caesar, he was repulsed
ander marched westwards to attack Porticanus with a loss of 6000 men, B. C. 90. In the following
4c 4