A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

MUCIA. MUCIANUS. 1117
canonarchus in the convent of St. Saba. Bollandus Mucia next married M. Aemilius Scaurus, a stepgives A. D. 620 as the date of his death. After son of the dictator Sulla. In B. c. 39, Mucia, at the
visiting a large number of the monasteries in Syria, earnest request of the Roman people, went to
Egypt, and the West, he applied himself to the Sicily to mediate between her son Sex. Pompey
composition of a work giving an account of the and Augustus. She was living at the time of the
lives of the monks of that age, down to the time of battle of Actium, B. c. 31. Augustus treated her
Heraclius. It was addressed to Sophronius or with great respect. (Ascon. in Scaur. p. 19, Orelli
Sophronas, his friend and pupil, who accompanied Cic. ad Fam. v. 2, ad Alt. i. 12; Dion Cass. xxxvii.
him on his travels, and became subsequently patri- 49, xlviii. 16, li. 2, lvi. 38; Appian. B. C. v. 69,
arch of Jerusalem. The work was entitled AElfolv 72; Suet. Caes. 50; Plut. Pomp. 42; Zonar. x.
or AeMlmuw'pliov, or Neos 7rapdi3Leeos. In the edi- 5; Hieron. in Jovin. i. 48.) Whether the Mucia
tions it is divided into 219 chapters; Photius mentioned by Valerius Maximus (ix. 1. ~ 8) be
speaks of it as consisting of 304 Lrylqy4ttaTa, but the same person is uncertain.
mentions that in other manuscripts it was divided MU'CIA GENS, was a very ancient patrician
into a larger number of chapters. In compiling it house, ascending to the earliest aera of the republic
Moschus did not confine himself to giving the re- (Dionys. v. 25; Liv. ii. 12). It existed in later
sults of his own obsesrvations, but availed himself of times, however, only as a plebeian house. Its
the labours of predecessors in the same field. His only cognomens are CORDUS and SCAEVOLA,
narratives contain a plentiful sprinkling of the under which are given all persons of the name of
marvellous. He every where attacks the heresy of Mucius. [W. B. D.]
Severus Acephalus. The style of the work, as MUCIA'NUS, P. LICI'NIUS CRASSUS
Photius says, is mean and unpolished. But Joannes DIVES, was the son of P. Mucius Scaevola, consul
Damascenus and Nicephorus assigned Sophronius B. C. 175, and brother of P. Mucius Scaevola, who'
himself as the author of the work, from which it was consul B.C. 133, in the year inll which Tib.
has been supposed that it was in reality mainly his Gracchus lost his life. (Plut. Tib. Gracchus,
work; though the name of Joannes Moschus was 9.) Mucianus was adopted by P. Licinius Crasallowed to stand as that of the writer. The work sus Dives, who was the son of P. Licinius Crassus
was first published in an Italian translation, and Dives, consul B. C. 205. This at least is Drumann's
incorporated in several collections of lives of the opinion, who thinks that it is more probable that
saints. The Latin translation of Ambrosius Camal- he was adopted by the son than by the father.
dulensis is in the seventh volume of Aloysius Lipo- OI1 being adopted he assumed, according to
mannus, Venice, 1558. It appeared in Greek and Roman fashion, the name of Crassus, with the
Latin in the second volume of the Auctarium Bib'. addition of Mucianus, which indicated his former
Patrum Ducaeanumn, Paris, 1624, and in the Bi- gens. Cicero (de Orat. i. 56) speaks of his being
bliotheca Patrum, Paris, 1644, 1654. (Phot. Cod. a candidate for the aedileship; and he gives an
139; Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. x. p. 124; Voss. anecdote of Serv. Sulpicius Galba, who was a distinde Hist. Graec. p. 334, Westermann.) [C. P. M.] guished orator, pressing Crassus hard on a question
MOSCHUS, VULCA/TIUS, was banished of law, and of Crassus being compelled to support
from Rome, and admitted as a citizen of Massilia, his legal opinion against the equitable arguments of
to which town he left his property. (Tac. Ann. Servius by referring to the writings of his brother,
iv. 43.) P. Mucius, and of Sext. Aelius.
MOSTIS, a king of Epeirus, known only to us Mucianus attained the dignity of pontifex maxifrom coins, a specimen of which is annexed. mus, and A. D. 131 he was elected consul, in
which year he left Rome to conduct the war against
Aristonicus in Asia, who maintained his claim to
flltst the kingdom of Pergamus against the will of At{/,(',>4< / p z ttalus III., who had bequeathed it to the Romans.
Crassus was the first pontifex maximus, according
to Livy (Epit. 59) who went beyond the limits
(i ~ 4@tT~ffi~w of Italy; but this is not true, unless Scipio Nasica
was deprived of his office, for Nasica was pontifex maximus B. C. 133, after the death of Tib.
COIN OF MOSTIS. Gracchus, and retired to Asia, where he soon died.
MOTHO'NE (MocvV71), a daughter of Oeneus, (Plut. Y'ib. Gracchus, 21.) Crassus succeeded
from whom the town of Mothone was believed to Nasica in the pontificate. Crassus was unsuccesshave derived its name. (Paus. iv. 35. ~ 1.) [L.S.] ful in the war. He was attacked at the siege of
MU'CIA. 1. The elder daughter of Q. Mucius Leucae by Aristonicus, and defeated. Between
Scaevola, the celebrated augur, and Laelia, daughter Elaea and Smyrna he was overtaken by the
of C. Laelius Sapiens [LAELIA, No. 1]. She married Thracian body-guard of Aristonicus; and to avoid
L. Licinius Crassus, the orator, and was renowned being made prisoner, he provoked one of the
for her conversational excellence. (Cic. Brut. 58. Thracians to kill him. His head was carried to
~ 211, de Orat. iii. 12; Val. Max. viii. 8. ~ 1; Aristonicus.
Quint. Inst. i. 1. ~ 6.) The historian Sempronius Asellio (Gellius,. i. 1 3)
2. With the epithet TERTIA, was the daughter says that Crassus possessed five things, which of
of Q. Mucias Scaevola, the augur, consul in B. C. 95. all good things are the greatest and the chief. He
She was a cousin (soror) of Q. Metellus Celer, was most wealthy, noble, eloquent, most learned in
consul in B C. 60, and of Q. Metellus Nepos, consul the law, and pontifex maximus. The same histoin B. C. 57.' Mucia married Cn. Pompey, by whom rian records an instance of the unreasonable severity
she had two sons, Cneius and Sextus, and a daughter, with which he punished at the siege of Leucae a
Pompeia. She was divorced by Pompey just be- deviation from the strict letter of his orders. Crastore his return from the Mithridatic war in B. C. 62. sos had two daughters; the elder Licinia, was the