A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

1106] MNESARCHUS. MNESIMACHUS.
geteers. (Xen. Hell. vi. 2. ~~ 4-23; Diod. xv. of the Pythagorean school. (Suid. s. v. Oeaee5;
46, 47; Wesseling, ad loe.; Schneider, ad Xen. Iamblich. Vit. Pyth. c. 36.) According to a notice
Hell. vi. 2. ~ 10; Rehdantz, Vitae Iphicratis, in Photius (Cod. 259, p. 438, b. ed. Bekker), he
Chabriae, Timothei, iv. ~ 3. Berol. 1845. [E. E.] died young.
MNASI'THEUS. [MNESITHEUS.] 3. A Stoic philosopher, a disciple of Panaetius.
MNASITI'MUS. [MNESITIMUS.]. He flourished about B. c. 110, and appears to have
MNASON (MIvaoawv). 1. A Phocian, a friend been one of the most distinguished of his sect. He
and disciple of Aristotle. He seems to have in- taught at Athens. Among his pupils was Antiochus
curred considerable odium on account of the large of Ascalon. [ANTIOCHUS.] (Cic. de Fin. i. 2, de
number of domestic slaves whom he kept. (Athen. Orat. i. 11, Acad. ii. 22; Euseb. Praep. Evang.
vi. p. 264, d. 272, b.) Whether it was this xiv. p. 739.) [C. P. M.]
lMnason who came on an embassy to Athens, and MNE'SICLES (Mr1qLcKAijs), one of the great
was appealed to as a witness by Aeschines (de Athenian artists of the age of Pericles, was the
Falsa Leg. p. 47, ed. Steph.), we are not informed. architect of the Propylaea of the Acropolis, the
2. Tyrant of Elatea. He seems to have distin- building of which occupied five years, B. c. 437guished himself by his liberal patronage of the fine 433. It is said thai, during the progress of the
arts. For a picture painted by Aristeides he paid work, he fell from the summit of the building, and
1000 minae; and for pictures of the twelve gods was supposed to be mortally injured, but was
by Asclepiodorus 300 minae for each. (Plin. H. N. cured by an herb which Athena showed to Pericles
xxxv. 36. ~ 18, 21.) [C. P. M.] in a dream. (Philoch. Frag. p. 55; Plut. Peric.
MNEMARCHUS (MvicapXos), is the name 13.) Pliny relates the same story of a slave (verna)
sometimes given to the father of Pythagoras;.but of Pericles, and mentions a celebrated statue of the
his proper name is Mnesarchus. LMNESARCHus, same slave by Stipax, which, from its attitude, was
No. 1.] [C. P. M.] called Splanchnoptes. (Plin. H. N. xxii. 17. s. s. 0,
MNEME (MevitJt), i. e. memory, was one of the xxxiv. 8. s. 19. ~ 21.) [P. S.]
three Muses that were in early times worshipped MNESI'LOCHUS (MrmqotioXos), one of the
at Ascra in Boeotia. (Paus. ix. 29. ~ 2.) But thirty tyrants at Athens. (Xen. Ilellen. ii. 3.
there seems to have also been a tradition that ~ 2.)
Mneme was the mother of the Muses, for Ovid 2. The father of Choerine or Choerilla, the first
(Met. v. 268) calls them Mnemonides; unless wife of Euripides [EURIPIDES]. He is introthis be only an abridged form for the daughters of duced by Aristophanes as one of the dramatis
Mnemosyne. [Comp. MUSAE.] [L. S.] personae in the Thesmophoriazusae. Teleclides (as
MNEMON (M4zsewv),. a physician of Side, in quoted by the author of the life of Euripides, pubPamphylia, who was a follower of Cleophantus, and lished by Elmsley in his edition of the Bacchae)
lived in the third century B.c. (Galen, Comnment. asserted that Mnesilochus assisted Euripides in
in Hippocr. " Epid. III." ii. 4, iii. 71, vol. xvii. the composition of some of his plays. (Suidas s. v.
pt. i. pp. 603, 606, 731). He is known only as Evpi7r8ivs.)
one of the individuals whose name occurs in con- 3. Son of Euripides by his wife Choerilla. He
nection with the mzarks or characters (xapaKitcjpes) was an actor. (Eurip. Vit.) [C. P. M.]
appended to certain medical cases in the third book MNESI'MACHE (MviorLcuadX'), is the name
of Hippocrates,." De Morbis Popularibus," of given by Apollodorus (ii. 5. ~ 5) to the daughter
which Mnemon was by some persons (but probably of Dexamenus, more usually called Delaneira.
without sufficient reason) supposed to be the author. [DEXAMENUS.] [L. S.]
(See Littre's Hippocrates, vol. i. p. 274.) [W. A.G.] MNESI'MACHUS (Mn4o61laXos). 1. A comic
MNEMO'SYN E (Mvr/o71oivl), i. e. memory, poet of the Middle Comedy, according to Suidas
a daughter of Uranus, and one of the Titanides, (s. v.) and Athenaeus (vii. p. 329, d.). This is
became by Zeus the mother of the Muses. (Hom. also confirmed by the titles of his pieces. Eudocia
hIymn. in /Mere. 429; Hes. Theog. 54, 915; Diod. (p. 303) calls him a poet of the New Comedy.
v. 67;. Orph. Hymn. 76; Cic. De Nat. Deor. iii. 21.) Nothing further is known respecting him. The
Pausanias (i. 2. ~ 4) mentions a statue of Mnemo- following plays of his are mentioned:-l. Bodo-lpms
syne at Athens; and near the oracle of Trophonius (Athen. x.4p. 417, e.; Suid.). 2. A6ricoAos (Athen.
she had a sacred well and a throne. (Paus. ix. 39. viii. p. 359, c.). 3.'I17rroTpoJqos (Suidas and
~ 4, &c.) [L. S.] Athen. vii. p. 301, d. 322, e. and ix. p. 402, f.
MNESAECHMUS (MviaraaLXos), an Athe- where a passage of considerable length is quoted).
nian orator of the time of Demosthenes, is. also 4.',A~7rvros. 5.'AAmcigwov (Diog. LaErt. viii.
called Menesaechmus. [MENESAECHMUS.] 37). The Alcmaeon referred to in this play is supMNESARCHUS (M'4oapXos).. 1. The son posed by Meineke to have been the Pythagorean
of Euphron or Euthyphron, and father of Pytha- philosopher of that name [ALCMAEON], from the
goras. He was generally. believed to be not of tenor of the lines quoted by Diogenes Lairtius.
purely Greek origin. According to some accounts,.'Iae0uov'lm7/ (Aelian, H. A. xiii. 4). 7. -4apuahe belonged to the Tyrrhenians of Lemnos and ko7rcX,7l (Schol. Arist. Aves, 471; according toImbros, and is said to have been an engraver of the correction of Menagius on Diog. Laiirt. ii. 18.):
rings. (Clemens Alex. Strom. i. p. 300; Schol. (Fabric. Bibl. Graec. ii. 470; Meineke, Hist. Crit.
ad Plat. Rep. p, 420, ed. Bekk.; Diog. LaSrt. viii. Corn. Graec. p. 423.)
1; Porphyr. Vit. Pyth. 1, 2.) According to other 2. An historical writer, a native of Phaselis, the
accounts, the name of the father of Pythagoras was author of a work entitled Admacoleot, quoted by the
Marmacus, whose father Hippasus came from scholiast on Apollonius Rhodius, iv. 1412. The
Phlius. (Pans. ii. 13; Diog. LaErt. viii. 1.) first book, which treated of the Scythians, is also
2. Grandson of the preceding, and son of Py- referred to by the Schol. on ii. 1015. (Vossius, de
thagoras and Theano. According to some accounts Hist. Graec. p. 471, ed. Westermann; Fabric.
he succeeded Aristaeus [ARISTAEUS] as president Bibl. Graec. ii. 470.) -[C. P. M.]