A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

EUPHEMUS. EUPHORION.- 97
tected him from the indignation of the people of a chariot and two horses. (Paus. v. 17. ~ 4.)
Ithaca. When Odysseus after his long wander- There are two other mythical personages of this.
ings returned home, Eupeithes wanted to avenge name. (Anton. Lib. 8; Hom. II. ii. 846.) [L. S.]
the death of his son Antinous, who had been one EUPHE'MUS (Eev)7p7os), was sent' by the
of Penelope's suitors and was slain by Odysseus. Athenian commanders at Syracuse in the winter
He accordingly led a band of Ithacans against of B. C. 415-414 to negotiate alliance with CamaOdysseus, but fell in the struggle. (Hom. Od. xvi. rina, and was there opposed on the Syracusan side
436, xxiv. 469, 523.) [L. S.] by Hermocrates. Thucydides gives us an oration
EUPHANTUS (Ei(pavros), of Olynthus, a in the mouth of each. The negotiation was unPythagorean philosopher and tragic poet, who lived successful. (Thuc. vi. 75-88.) [A. H. C.],a little later than the period of the tragic Pleiad. EUPHORBUS (EdPopeoS), a son of Panthous:
He was the disciple of Eubulides of Miletus, and and brother of Hyperenor, was one of the bravest
the instructor of Antigonus I. king of Macedonia. among the Trojans. He was the first who wounded
He wrote many tragedies, which were well received Patroclus, but was afterwards slain by Menelaus
at the games. He also wrote a very highly esteem- (Hom. I. xvi. 806, xvii. 1-60), who subsequently'
ed work, 7repl BaasAsdas, addressed to Antigonus, dedicated the shield of Euphorbus in the temple of
and a history of his own times: he lived to a great Hera, near Mycenae. (Paus. ii. 17. ~ 3.) It is
age. (Diog. Laeirt. ii. 110; 141.) The Euphantus a well known story, that Pythagoras asserted that
whose history is quoted by Athenaeus (vi. p. 251, he had once been the Trojan Euphorbus, that from
d.). must have been a different person, since he a Trojan he had become an Ionian, and from a
mentioned Ptolemy III. of Egypt. (Vossius, de warrior a philosopher. (Phirostr. Vit. Apoll. i. 1,
Hist. Graec. p. 69, ed. Westermann; Welcker, Heroic. 17; Diog. Ladrt. viii. 4; Ov. Met. xv.
die Griech. Tragoed. p. 1268.) [P. S.] 161.) [L. S.]
EUPHE'ME (EJ0isp~ ), the nurse of the Muses, EUPHORBUS (Ev'Qopeos), physician to Juba:
of whom there was a statue' in the grove of the II., king of Mauretania, about the end of the first
Muses near Helicon. (Paus. ix. 29. ~ 3.) [L. S.] century B. C., and brother to Antonius Musa, the:
EUPHE'MTS (Ei0pruos), a son of Poseidon by physician to Augustus. [MUsA.] Pliny says (H.'
Europe, the daughter of Tityus, or by Mecionice or N. xxv. 38), that Juba gave the name of Eupzhorbia
Oris, a daughter of Orion or Eurotas. (Schol. ad to a plant which he found growing on Mount Atlas
Pind. Pyth. iv. 15; Tzetz. Chil. ii. 43.) Accord- in honour of his physician, and Galen mening to the one account he was an inhabitant of tions (de Compos. Medicame. sec. Locos. ix. 4. vol.
Panopeus on the Cephissus in Phocis, and accord- xiii. p. 271) a short treatise written by the king
ing to the other of Hyria in Boeotia, and after- on the virtues of the plant. Salmasius tries to
wards lived at Taenarus. By a Lemnian woman, prove (Prolegom. ad Hornon. Hyles Iatr. p. 4),
Malicha, Malache, or Lamache, he became the that this story of Pliny is without foundation, andfather of Leucophanes (Schol. ad Pind. Pyth. iv. that the word was in use much earlier than the;
455; Tzetz. ad Lycoph. 886); but he was married time of Juba, as it is mentioned by Meleager.
to Laonome, the sister of Heracles. Euphemus (Carm. i. 37.) It does not, however, seem likely
was one of the Calydonian hunters, and the helms- that Pliny would have been ignorant of a plant
man of the vessel of the Argonauts, and, by a that was known to a poet who lived two hundredpower which his father had granted to him, he years before him; and besides, in the passage in'
could walk on the sea just as on firm ground. question, the commonly received reading in the pre(Apollon. Rhod. i. 182.) He is mentioned also sent day is not evhdp'pns, but icK wopis. [W.A.G.]
as the ancestor of Battus, the founder of Cyrene, EUPHO'RION (Edqpopiwv). 1. The father of
and the following story at once connects him with the poet Aeschylus. (Herod. ii. 156.) [AESthat colony. When the Argonauts carried their CHYLUS.]
ship through Libya to the coast of the Mediter- 2. The son of Aeschylus, and himself a tragic
ranean, Triton, who would not let them pass with- poet. [AESCHYsLUS, vol. i. p. 42, col. 1, sub fin.]
out shewing them some'act of friendship, offered 3. Of Chalcis in Euboea, an eminent gramthem a clod of Libyan earth. None of the Argo- marian and poet, was the son of Polymnetus, and
nauts would accept it; but Euphemus did, and with was born, according to Suidas (s. v.), in the 126th,
the clod of earth he received for his descendants Olympiad, when Pyrrhus was defeated by the Rothe right to rule over Libya. Euphemus was mans, B. c. 274. He became, but at what period
to throw the piece of earth into one of the chasms of his life is not known, a citizen of Athens.
of Taenaron in Peloponnesus, and his descendants, (Hellad. ap. Phot. Cod. 279, p. 532, Bekker.)
in the fourth generation, were to go to Libya and He was instructed in philosophy by Lacydes, who:
take it into cultivation. When, however, the Ar- flourished about B. C. 241, and Prytanis (comp.
gonauts passed the island of Calliste, or Thera, that Athen. xi. p. 447, e.), and in poetry by Archebulus
clod of earth by accident fell into the sea, and was of Thera. Though he was sallow, fat, and bandy-'
carried by the waves to the coast of the island. legged, he was beloved by Nicia (or Nicaea), the:
The colonization of Libya was now to proceed from wife of Alexander, king of Euboea. His amours
Thera, and although still by the descendants of are referred to in more than one passage in the
Euphemus, yet not till the seventeenth generation Greek Anthology. (Brunck, Anal. -vol. ii. pp. 3,
after the Argonauts. The seventeenth descendant 43.) Having amassed great wealth, he went into:
of Euphemus was Battus of Thera. (Pind. Pyth. Syria, to Antiochus the Great (B. c. 221), who;
iv. -1, &c.; Apollon. Rhod. ii. 562; Hygin. Fab. made him his librarian. He died in -Syria, and:
14, 173; Herod. iv. 150.) According to Apollo- was buried at Apameia, or, according to others, at
nius Rhodius (iv. 1755), the island of Thera itself Antioch. (Suid. s. v.) The epigram (Brunck,
had arisen from the clod of earth, which Euphemus Anal. vol. ii. p. 43), which places his tomb at the
purposely threw into the sea. Euphemus was re- Peiraeeus, must be understood as referring- to a
presented on the chest of Cypselus as victor, with cenotaph.
VOL. IL Hi