A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

94 EUNOMIUS. EUNOMIUS.
EUNEUS (EWvnzos or Edvevs), a son of Jason Constantinople, and bury it in the same tomb with
by Hypsipyle, in the island of Lemnos, from whence that of his teacher A'tius. His works were or-.
he supplied' the Greeks during their war against dered by imperial edicts to be destroyed. His
Troy with wine. He purchased Lycaon, a Trojan contemporary, Philostorgius, who himself was a
prisoner, of Patroclus for a silver urn. (Hom. II. Eunomian, praises Eunomius so much, that his
vii. 468, xxiii. 741, &c.; Strab. i. p. 41.) The Eu- whole ecclesiastical history has not unjustly been
neidae, a famous family of cithara-players in Lemnos, called an encomium upon him. Philostorgius wrote,
traced their origin to Euneus. (Eustath. ad Hom. besides, a separate encomium upon Eunomius,
p. 1327; Hesych. s. v. Ei'vreSat.) [L. S.] which, however, is lost. Photius (Bibl. Cod. 138),
EUNI'CUS (Eg,,Keos), an Athenian comic poet who gives an abridgment of Philostorgius, and
of the old comedy, contemporary with Aristophanes Socrates (iv. 7) judge less favourably of him; for
and Philyllius. Only one line of his is preserved, they state that Eunomius spoke and wrote in a
from his play "AvELza, which was also attributed to verbose and inflated style, and that he constantly
Philyllius- The title is taken from. the courtezan, repeated the same things over again. They further
Anteia, who is mentioned by Demosthenes (c. Aeaer. charge him.with sophistry in his mode of arguing,
p. 1351) and Ananandrides (ap. Atzen. xv. p. 570, and with ignorance of the Scriptures. It should,
e.) and who was also made the subject of comedies however, be remembered that these charges are
by Alexis and Antiphanes. There was also a co- made by his avowed enemies, such as Athanasius,
medy, entitled fdJAes, which was variously ascribed Basilius the Great, Gregorius Nazianzenus, Gregoto Aristophanes, Philyllius, and Eunicus. The rius of Nyssa, Chrysostom, and others, who attacked
name of this poet is sometimes given incorrectly him not only in their general works on the history
A2'iKos. (Suid. s. v. Ai'Vos; Eudoc. p. 69; Theo- of the church, but in separate polemical treatises.
gnostus, ap. Bekker. Anecdot. p. 1369; Athen. iii. Eunomius wrote several works against the orp. 86, e., iv. p. 140, a., xiii. pp. 567, c., 586, e.; thodox faith; and Rufinus (H. E. i. 25) remarks
Pollux, x. 100; Meineke, Frag. Corn. Graec. vol. that his arguments were held in such high esteem
i. pp. 249, 250, vol. ii. p. 856; Fabric. Bibl. Graec. by his followers, that they were set above the
vol ii. p. 444.) [P. S.] authority of the Scriptures. After his death, edicts
EUNI'CUS, a distinguished statuary and silver- were repeatedly issued that his works should be
chaser of Mytilene, seems, from the order in which destroyed (Philostorg. xi. 5; Cod. Theod. xvi. 34),
he is mentioned by Pliny, to have lived not long and hence most of his works themselves have not
before the time of Pompey the Great. (Plin. xxxiii. come down to us, and all that is extant consists of
12. s. 55; xxxiv. 8. s. 19. ~ 25.) [P. S.] what is quoted by his opponents for the purpose of
EUNO'MIA. [HoRAE.] refuting him. The following works are known to
EUNO'MIUS (EdvA61os), was a native of Da- have been written by him: 1. A commentary on
cora, a village in Cappadocia, and a disciple of the the Epistle to the Romans, in seven books, which
Arian Aetius, whose heretical opinions he adopted. is censured by Socrates (iv. 7; comp. Suidas, s. v.
He was, however, a man of far greater talent and EvoJuLos) for its verbose style and shallowness.
acquirements than Aetius, and extended his views 2. Epistles, of which Photius (Bibl. Cod. 138)
so far, that he. himself became the founder of a read about forty, and in which he found the same
sect called the Eunomians or Anomoei, because faults as in the other works of Eunomius; but
they not only denied the equality between the Philostorgius (x. 6; comp. Niceph. xii. 29) preFather and the Son, but even the similarity ferred them to his other writings. 3. An Exposi(4uoezo'sr). Eunomius was at first a deacon at tion of Faith, which was laid before the emperor
Antioch, and in A. D. 360 he succeeded Eleusius Theodosius at Constantinople inA. D. 383, when
as bishop of Cyzicus. But he did not remain long several bishops were summoned to that city to
in the enjoyment of that post, for he was deposed make declarations of their faith. (Socrat. v. 10;
in the same year by the command of the emperor Sozom. vii. 12.) This little work is still extant,
Constantius, and expelled by the inhabitants of and has been edited by Valesius in his notes on
Cyzicus. (Philostorg. ix. 5; Theodoret, ii. 27, 29; Socrates (t. c.), and after him by Baluz in the
Socrat. iv. 7; Sozom. vi. 8.) In the reign of Ju- Nova Collect. Concil. vol. i. p. 89. The best edition
lian and Jovian, Eunomius lived at Constantinople, is that of Ch. H. G. Rettberg, in his Marcelliana,
and in the reign of Valens, he resided in the neigh- Gotting. 1794, 8vo. 4.'AMrooey71zK6rs, or a debourhood of Chalcedon, until he was denounced to fence of his doctrines. This is the famous treatise
the emperor for harbouring in his house the tyrant of which Basilius wrote a refutation in five books,
Procopius, in consequence of which he was sent to which accordingly contain a great many extracts
Mauritania into exile. When, on his way thither, from the. Apologeticus. The beginning and the epi
he had reached Mursa in Illyricum, the emperor iogue are printed in Cave's Hist. Lit. vol. i. p. 171,
called him back. Theodosius the Great afterwards &c. with a Latin translation; but the whole is
exiled him to a place called Halmyris, in Moesia, still extant, and was published in an English transon the Danube. (Sozom. vii. 1'7;' Niceph. xii. 29.) lation by W. Whiston, in his Eunomianismus
But being driven away from that place by the Redivivus, London, 1711, 8vo. The Greek original
barbarians, he was sent to Caesareia. Here, too, has never been published entire. After the refuhe met with no better reception; for, having writ- tation of Basilius had appeared, Eunomius Wrote,
ten against their bishop, Basilius, he was hated by 5.'AoroeXoyas'Amroeoia, which, however, was
the citizens of Caesareia. At length, he was per- not published till after his death. Like the Apolomitted to return to his native village of Dacora, geticus, it was attacked by several orthodox writers,
where he spent the remainder of his life, and died whose works, except that of Gregorius of Nyssa,
at an advanced age, about A. D. 394. Eutropius have perished together with that of Eunomius.
Patricius ordered his body to be carried to Tyana, (Gregor. Nyss. vol. ii. pp. 289, 298, &c. ed. 1638.)
and there to be entrusted to the care of the monks, See Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. ix. p. 207, &c.; Cave,
in order that his disciples might not carry it to Hist. Lit. vol. i. p. 169, &c. [L. S.]