A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

:994 MAXIMUS. MAXIMUS.
a new character, and, though still eminent, Fabius (Liv. xxxiii. 42); he pronounced the funeral orawas no longer its presiding spirit. He was elected tion of the elder (Laudatio) (Cic. de Sen. 4),
pontifex in 216, was already a member of the au- and though, strictly speaking, not eloquent, he was
gural college, which office he held sixty-two years neither an unready nor an illiterate speaker. (Cic.
(Liv. xxx. 26); dedicated by public commission Brut. 14, 18.) He adopted, probably on account
the temple of Venus Erycina, and opposed filling of the tender age of his younger, and after the deup with Latins the vacancies which the war had cease of his elder son, a son of L. Paullus Aemilius,
made in the senate. In B. C. 215 he was consul the conqueror of Perseus. (Plut. Paull. Aem. 5.)
for the third time, when he ravaged Campania and Besides the life, by Plutarch, which is probably
began the siege of Capua. On laying down the a compilation from the archives of the Fabian
fasces he admonished the people and the senate to family, the history of Fabius occupies a large
drop all party feelings, and to choose such men space in all narratives of the second Punic war.
only for consuls as were competent to the times. (Polyb. iii. 87, 88, 89, 90, 92, 93, 94, 101, 103,
His advice led to his own re-election, B. c. 214. In 105, 106, x. 1. ~ i 0, xviii. Fr. Hist. 18; Liv. xx.
this year he made an inroad into Samnium and xxi. xxii. xxiii. xxiv. xxvi. xxvii. xxviii. xxix.
took Casilinum. In 213 Fabius served as legatus xxx.; Florus, Eutropius, and the epitomists geneto his own son, Q. Fabius [No. 5], consul in that rally; Cic. Brut. 18, Leg. Agrar. ii. 22, Tuscul.
year, and an anecdote is preserved (Liv. xxiv. 44; iii. 28, Nat. Deor. iii. 32, In Verr. Ace. v. 10;
Plut. Fab. 24) which exemplifies the strictness of De Sen. 4, 17, De Off. i. 30 * Sall. Jug. 4; Varr.
the Roman discipline. On entering the camp at Fr. p. 241, ed. Bipont.; -Dion Cass.'Fr. 48, 55;
Suessula Fabius advanced on horseback to greet Appian, Annib..11-16, 31; Quint. Inst. vi. 3.
his son. He was passing the lictors when the ~~ 52, 61,viii. 2. ~ 11; Plin. H. N. xxii. 5; Sen.
consul sternly bade him dismount. "My son," de Ben. ii. 7; Sil. Ital. Purnic. vii.)
exclaimed the elder Fabius alighting, " I wished 5. Q. FABIUS Q. F. Q. N. MAXIMeUS, elder son
to see whether you would remember that you were of the preceding, was curule aedile in B. C. 215,
consul." On Hannibal's march upon Rome, in and praetor in 214. He was stationed in Apulia
n. C. 211, Fabius was again the principal stay of (Liv. xxiv. 9, 1], 12), in the neighbourhood of
the senate, and earnestly dissuaded abandoning Luceria (ib. 12, 20), and co-operated ably with the
the siege of Capua, which would have been other commanders in the second Punic war. (Cic.
yielding to the Carthaginian's feint on the capi- pro Rob. Post. 1.) He was consul in B. C. 213, when
tal. Fabius was consul for the fifth time in B. c. Apulia was again his province (Liv. xxiv. 45, 46).
209, was invested with the almost hereditary title His father in this year served under him as legatus
of the Fabii Maximi-Princeps senatus,-and at Suessula. (Liv. xxiv. 43, 44; Plut. Fab. 24.)
inflicted a deadly wound on Hannibal's tenure of The younger Fabius was legatus to the consul M.
Southern Italy by the recapture of Tarentum. The Livius Salinator B. C. 207. (Liv. xxviii. 9.) He
citadel of Tarentum had never fallen into the hands died soon after this period, and his funeral oration
of the Carthaginians, and M. Livius Macatus, its was pronounced by his father. (Cic. de Nat. Deor.
governor, some years afterwards, claimed the merit iii. 32, Tuscul. iii. 28, De Sen. 4, ad Fam. iv. 6.)
of recovering the town. " Certainly," rejoined 6. Q. FABIUS Q. F. Q. N. MAXIMUS, second
Fabius, " had you not lost, I had never retaken son of No. 5, was elected augur in the room of his
it." (Plut. Fab. 23; Cic. de Orat. ii. 67.) The father, B. C. 203 (Liv. xxx. 26), although he was
plunder of the town was given up to the soldiers, then very young, and had borne no office previously.
but, a question arising whether certain colossal He died in B. C. 196. (Liv. xxxiii. 42.)
statues and pictures of the tutelary deities of Ta- 7. Q. FABIUS MAxrIMUS, praetor peregrinus in
rentum should be sent to Rome, "Nay," said B. C. 181 (Liv. x]. 18), was probably the same
Fabius, "let us leave to the Tarentines their angry person with Q. Fabius, quaestor of the proconsul
gods." (Liv. xxvii. 16; Plut. Fab. 22.) He re- L. Manlius in Spain, B.C. 185. (Liv. xxxix. 29.)
moved thither, however, a statue of Hercules, the His relation to the preceding Maximi is uncertain.
mythic ancestor of the Fabii, and placed it in the 8. Q. FABIUS Q. F. Q. N. MAXIMUS AxFMICapitol. M. Livius Salinator and C. Claudius LIANUS, was by adoption only a Fabius Maximus,
Nero, consuls elect for B. C. 208, were at open being by birth the eldest son of L. Paullus Aemienmity (Liv. xxvii. 35, xxix. 37; Val. Max. iv. lius, the conqueror of Persens, consul in B. C. 1832.
2); and their reconciliation, of the highest moment Fabius served under his father (Aemilius) in the
to the commonwealth, was principally the work of last Macedonian war, B. c, 168, and was despatched
Fabius. In the closingsyears of the second Punic by him to Rome with the news of his victory at
w Fabius appears to less advantage. The war Pydna. (Polyb. xxix. 6.) Fabius was praetor in
had become aggressive under a new race of generals. Sicily a. c. 149-148,. and consul in 145. Spain
Fabius, already in mature manhood at the close of was his province, where he encountered, and at
the first, was advanced in years in the later period length defeated Viriarathus. (Liv. xliv. 35; Apof the second Punic war. He disapproved the new plian, Hispan. 65, 67, 90, Maced. 17; Plut.'auzl.
tactics; he dreaded, perhaps he envied, the political Aena. 5; Cic. de Amic. 25.) Fabius was the
supremacy of Scipio, and was his uncompromising pupil and patron of the historian Polybius, who has
opponent in his scheme of invading Africa. Fabius recorded some interesting and honourable traits of
did not live to witness the issue of the war and the his filial and fraternal conduct, and of the affection
triumph of his rival. He died in B. C. 203, about entertained for him by his younger brother, Scipio
the time of Hannibal's departure from Italy. His Aemilianus. (Polyb. xviii. 18. ~ 6, xxxii. 8
wealth was great; yet the people defrayed by con- ~ 4,'9. ~ 9, 10. ~ 3, 14, xxxiii. 6. ~ 3, 9. ~ 5
tribution the funeral charges of their "father,"' the xxxviii. 3. ~ 8; Cic. De Armc. 19, Paradox. 6.
"great dictator," "who singly, by his caution, ~ 2.)
saved the state." 9. Q. FABIUS Q. AEMILIANI F. Q. NT. MAXFabius had two sons; the younger survived him IMrs, surnamed ALLOBROGICUS, from his victory