A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

DEMETRIUS.
him to be tortured. The Cynic bore the pain inflicted on him as a true philosopher, and was afterwards set free again. (Ammian. Marc. xix. 12.)
He is probably the same as the person mentioned
by the emperor Julian (Orat. vii.) by the name of
Chytron. (Vales. ad Anzmmian. lMarc. 1. c.)
12. Of CNIDUS, apparently a mythographer, is
referred to by the Scholiast on Apollonius Rhodius
(i. 1165).
13. COMIC POET. See below.
14. Surnamed CYDONIUS, which surname was
probably derived from his living at Cydone (Ku8wvsy) in Crete (Cantacuz. iv. 16, 39), for-he was
a native either of Thessalonica or of Byzantium.
(Volaterran. Commnent. Urb. xv.; Allatius, de Consensu, p. 856.) He flourished during the latter
half of the fourteenth century. The emperor Joannes Cantacuzenus was much 'attached to him,
and raised him to high offices at his court. When
the emperor began to meditate upon embracing the
monastic life, Demetrius joined him in his design,
and in A. D. 1355 both entered the same monastery. Afterwards Demetrius for a time left his country, and went to Milan, where he devoted himself
to the study of Latin and theology. He died in a
monastery of Crete, but was still alive in A. D. 1384,
when Manuel Palaeologus succeeded to the throne,
for we still possess a letter addressed by Demetrius
to the emperor on his accession. Demetrius is the
author of a considerable number of theological
and other works, many of which have not yet
been published, and he also translated' several
works from the Latin into Greek. The following
are the most important among the works which
have appeared in print: 1. Two Epistles addressed
to Nicephorus Gregoras and Philotheus. They
are prefixed to J. Boivin's edition of Nicephorus
Gregoras, Paris, 1702, fol. 2. Monodia, that is,
lamentations on those who had fallen at Thessalonica during the disturbances of 1343. It is printed
in Combefisius's edition of Theophanes, Paris, 1586,
fol. p. 385, &c. 3. 1vAG~ovXevTs1KOs, that is, an
oration addressed to the Greeks, in which he gives
them his advice as to how the danger which threatened them from the Turks might be averted. It
is printed in Combefisius's Auctar. Nov. ii. p. 1221,
&c. 4. On Callipolis, which Demetrius advised
the Greeks not to surrender to sultan Miirat, who
made its surrender the condition of peace. Combefisius, Aucter. Nov. ii. p. 1284, &c. 5. rIepi r70o
icaTaopovesv oy v v avardv, was first edited by R.
Seiler, Basel, 1553, and last and best by Kuinoel,
Leipzig, 1786, 8vo. 6. An Epistle to Barlaam, on
the procession of the Holy Ghost, is printed in Canisius, Lect..Antiq. vol. vi. p. 4, &c., ed. Ingolstadt,
1604. 7. A work against Gregorius Palama, was
first edited by P. Arcudius in his Opuscula Aurea
Thieol. Gr. (Rome, 1630, 4to., and reprinted in
1671), which also contain- 8. A work against
Max. Planudes. (Wharton, Append. to C ve's
Histor. Lit. vol. i. p. 47, &c.; Cave, vol. i. p. 510,
ed. Lond. 1688; Fabric. Bibl. Gr. xi. p. 398, &c.)
15. Of CYRENE, surnamed Stamnus ( r2dTeVos),
whom Diogenes Lahrtius (v. 84) calls a remarkable
man, but of whom nothing further is known.
16. Of CARTHAGE, a rhetorician, who lived
previous to the time of Thrasymachus. (Diog.
Laert. v. 83.)
17. Metropolitan of CyzIcus, and surnamed
SYNCELLUs. He is mentioned by Joannes Scylitza and Georgius Cedrenus in the introductions

DEMETRIUS. 961
to their works, from which we may infer, that
he lived about the middle of the eleventh century after Christ. He wrote an exposition of the
heresy of the Jacobites and Chatzitzarians, which
is printed with a Latin translation in Combefisius.
(Auctarium Nov. ii. p. 261.) Another work on
prohibited marriages is printed in Leunclavius.
(Jus Graeco-Rom. iv. p. 392.) Some works of his
are still extant in MS. in the libraries of Paris,
Rome, and Milan. (Fabric. Bibl. Gr. xi. p. 414.)
18. An EPIC poet, of whom, in the time of Diogenes Laertius (v. 85), nothing was extant except
three verses on envious persons, which are still preserved. They are quoted by Suidas also (s. v. pQovc)
without the author's name.
19. An EPICUREAN philosopher, and a disciple
of Protarchus, was a native of Laconia. (Diog.
LaUrt. x. 26; Strab. xiv. p. 658; Sext. Empir.
Pyrrlion. Hypotl. ~ 137, with the note of Fabric.)
20. Of ERYTHRAE, a Greek poet, whom Diogenes Laertius (v. 85) calls a Tro1(LN0oypi'pos divOpw-cros, and who also wrote historical and rhetorical works. He seems to have been a contemporary
of the grammarian Tyrannion, whom he opposed.
(Suid. s. v. Tvpavviw6.)
21. Of ERYTHRAE, a Greek grammarian, who
obtained the civic franchise in Temnus. (Diog.
Labrt. v. 84.)
22. Surnamed rovvY'evoos, is mentioned among
the grammarians who wrote on the Homeric poems.
(Schol. Venet. ad Homn. II. viii. 233, xiii. 137.)
23. Of ILIUM, wrote a history of Troy, which
is referred to by Eustathius (ad Hosm. Od. xi. p.
452) and Eudocia (p. 128).
24. The author of a work on the kings of the
JEWS, from which a statement respecting the captivity of the Jews is quoted. (Hieronym. Catal.
II. Script. 38; Clem. Alex. Strom. i. p. 146.)
25. Of MAGNESIA, a Greek grammarian, a contemporary of Cicero and Atticus. (Cic. ad Att.
viii. 11, iv. 11.) He had, in Cicero's recollection, sent Atticus a work of his on concord, TrepI
6dovoias, which Cicero also was anxious to read.
A second work of his, which is often referred
to, was 'of an historical and philological nature,
and treated of poets and other authors who bore
the same name. ( iepi t ico'gvmwv roirrTwv Kical
oevyypapewv; Diog. Laert. i. 38, 79, 112, ii. 52,
56, v. 3, 75, 89, vi. 79, 84, 88, vii. 169, 185,
viii. 84, ix. 15, 27, 35, x. 13; Plut. Vit. X Oral.
pp. 844, b., 847, a., Demosth. 15, 27, 28, 30;
Harpocrat. s. v. 'Icroaoe, and niany other passages;
Athen.. xiii. p. 611; Dionys. Deinarch. 1.)
This important work, to judge from what is quoted
from it, contained the lives of the persons treated
of, and a critical examination of their merits.
26. Surnamed MoscHus, a Greek grammarian,
who is the author of the argumentum to the AL6LKa,
which bear the name of Orpheus. It is said, that
there are also glosses by him upon the same poem
in MS. at Paris. He lived in the 15th century of
our aera. (Fabric. Bibl. Gr. xi. p. 418.)
27. Of ODESSA, is mentioned as the author of a
work on his native city. (Steph. Byz.s. v. 'Olwa-ro'd.)
28. PHALEREUS, the most distinguished
among all the literary persons of this name. He
was at once an orator, a statesman, a philosopher, and a poet. His surname Phalereus is given
him from his birthplace, the Attic demos of Phalerus, where he was born about 01. 108 or 109,
a* c. 345. IHe was the son of Phanostratus, a