A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

)54 DEIOTARUS.
idea in his tables, when he reckons a long
period without kings between Arbaces and Deioces.
(Compare SARDANAPALUS, and Clinton, F. II. i*
App. c. 3.) [P. S.]
DEI'OCHUS (A'ntoXos), of Proconnesus, is
mentioned by Dionysius of Halicarnassus (Jud. de
Thucyd. 2, 5) as one of the earliest Greek historians, who lived previous to the time of Herodotus.
He is probably the same person as the Deiochus
whom Stephanus of Byzantium (s. v. Adcasicos))
calls a native of Cyzicus, and who wrote a work
on Cyzicus (rsepi KVuiKco), which is frequently
referred to by the Scholiast on Apollonius Rhodius,
who, however, calls him by his proper name only
once (on i. 139), and in all the other passages refers
to him under the name of Ai1AoXos, or Adoxos.
(Schol. ad Apollon. i. 961, 966, 976, 987, 989,
1037, 1062, 1063, 1065, ii. 85, 106.) [L. S.]
DEION (Aitwv). 1. A son of Aeolus and
Enarete, was king in Phocis and husband of Diomede, by whom he became the father of Asteropeia, Aenetus, Actor, Phylacus, and Cephalus.
(Apollod. i. 7. ~ 3, 9. ~ 4.) After the death of
his brother, Salmoneus, he took his daughter Tyro
into his house, and gave her in marriage to Cretheus. His name occurs also in the form Deloneus.
(Eustath. ad Horn. p. 1685.)
2. A son of Heracles and Megara, and brother
of Deicoon. (Apollod. ii. 7. ~ 8.) [L. S.]
DEIO'NE (Afi'vn ), that is, the daughter of
Deo or Demeter, is used as a name for Persephone.
(Callimach. Fragm. 48.) It occurs also as a proper name of the mother of Miletus. (Ov. Met.
ix. 442.) [L. S.]
DEIONEUS (Aqoi'oesds). 1. Father of Dia,
the wife of Ixion. When he violently extorted
from his son-in-law the bridal gifts, Ixion invited
him to his house, and caused him to be thrown
into a pit filled with fire, in which he perished.
(Pind. Pyth. ii. 39.)
2. A son of Eurytus of Oechalia, whom Theseus married to Perigune, the daughter of Sinnis.
(Plut. Thes. 8.) [L. S.]
DEYOPE (AOt-F7rs), a daughter of Triptolemus
and mother'of Edmolpus, or, according to others,
of Triptolemus. (Paus. i. 14. ~ 2; Schol. ad Soph.
Oed. Col. 1108; Aristot. Mirab. 143, 291.) [L.S.]
DEIOPE'A, a fair Lydian nymph, who belonged
to the suite of Hera, and whom she promised as a
reward to Aeolus if he would assist her in destroying the fleet of Aeneas. (Virg. Aen. i. 72.) [L. S.]
DEIOPI'TES (Aar'orm-vs), a son of Priam, who
was slain by Odysseus. (Hom. II. xi. 420; Apollod. iii. 12. ~ 5.) [L. S.]
DEIO'TARUS (Aio'orapo). 1. Tetrarch of
Galatia. He is said by Plutarch to have been a
very old man in B. C. 54, when Crassus, passing
through Galatia on his Parthian expedition, rallied
him on his building a new city at his time of life.
He must therefore have attained to mature manhood in B. c. 95, the year of the birth of Cato of
Utica, whose father's friend he was, and who, we
know, was left an orphan at a very early age.
(Plut. Crass. 17, Cat. Min. 12,15; Pseudo-Appian,
Parth. p. 136; comp. CATO, p. 647, a.) Deiotarus
adhered firmly to the Romans in their wars in
Asia, and in B. C. 74 defeated in Phrygia the generals of Mithridates. For his services he was
honoured by the senate with the title of king, and,
probably in B. c. 63, the year of the death of Mithridates, had Gadelonitis and Armenia Minor

DEIOTARUS.
added to his dominions. Appian, apparently by
an oversight, says that Pompey made him tetrarch
of Galatia. He succeeded, indeed, doubtless by
Roman favour, in encroaching on the rights of the
other tetrarchs of that district, and obtaining nearly
the whole of it for himself. (Strab, xii. pp. 547,
567; Casaub. ad loc.; Plut. Pomp. 38; Appian,
Bell. Mithr. 114; Cic. pro Deiot. 13, Phil. xi. 12,
de Har. Resp. 13; Hirt. Bell. Alex. 67.) In B. c.
51, when Cicero was encamped at Cybistra on the
borders of Cappadocia, for the protection of Cappadocia and Cilicia against the Parthians, Deiotarns
offered to join him with all his forces, and was indeed on his way to do so, when Cicero sent to inform him that events had rendered his assistance
unnecessary. (Cic. Phil. xi. 13, ad Fam. viii. 10,
xv. 1, 2, 4.) In the civil war, Deiotarus attached
himself to the cause of Pompey, together with
whom he effected his escape, in a ship after the
battle of Pharsalia in B. c. 48. (Plut. Pomp. 73;
Appian, Bell. Civ. ii. 71; Caes. Bell. Civ. iii. 4;
Cic. de Div. ii. 37, pro Deiot. 3, 4; Lucan. Phars.
v. 55, viii. 209.) In B. c. 47 he applied to Domitius Calvinus, Caesar's legate in Asia, for aid
against Pharnaces, who had taken possession of
Armenia Minor, and who in the campaign which
followed defeated the Roman and Galatian forces
near Nicopolis. (Hirt. Bell. Alex. 34-41, 65-77;
Appian, Bell. Civ. ii. 91; Plut. Caes. 50; Dion
Cass. xlii. 45-48; Sueton. Jul. 35; Cic. ad Fam.
xv. 15, pro Deiot. 5.) When Caesar, in the same
year, came into Asia from Egypt, Deiotarus received
him with submission, and endeavotued to excuse the
aid he had given to Pompey. According to Hirtius (Bell. Alex. 67, 78), Caesar left him his title
of king, but gave his tetrarchy to Mithridates of
Pergamus. Cicero tells us (de Div. i. 15, comp.
Phil. ii. 37), that he was deprived both of his
tetrarchy and kingdom, not however of his regal
title (pro Deiot. 13), and fined. Dion Cassius says
(xli. 63), that Caesar did indeed bestow on Ariobarzanes, king of Cappadocia, a portion of the
kingdom of Deiotarus, but that he gave the latter
a part of what he took away from Pharnaces, and
so in fact enlarged his territory; but this seems
inconsistent with the whole tenour of what we
find in Cicero.
In the autumn of the same year, the cause of
Deiotarus was unsuccessfully pleaded by Brutus
before Caesar at Nicaea in Bithynia. (Cic. Brit.
5, ad A tt. xiv. 1.) In B. c. 45, he was defended
by Cicero before Caesar, in the house of the latter
at Rome, in the speech (pro Rege Deiotaro) still
extant. From this it appears that his grandson,
Castor, had accused him of a design against Caesar's
life when he received him in Galatia, and also of an
intention of sending troops to the aid of Caecilius
Bassus. [See p. 472.] Strabo, however, speaks of
Castor as the son-in-law of Deiotarus, and says that
the old king put him to death together with his wife,
Deiotarus's own daughter; and Suidas tells us that
he did so because Castor had accused him to Caesar. Vossius conjectures that the Castor mentioned by Cicero was son to the one whom Strabo and
Suidas speak of, and that Deiotarus put the latter
to death because he had instigated the younger
Castor to accuse him. (Strab. xii. p. 568; Suid.
s. v. Kdarwp; Caes. Bell. Civ. iii. 4; Cic. ad Fam.
ix. 12; Voss. de Hist. Graec. p. 203, ed. Westermann; comp. the language of Cicero, pro Deiot.
10, 11.) At this time Blesamius and Hieras,