A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

944 DATAMES.
the differences and discrepancies in the statements
of the two works are so great, that they alone
are sufficient to overthrow the hypothesis. Dederich, the last editor, is inclined to think that the
author of our work was a real Roman of the 5th,
6th, or 7th century. The work itself is evidently
the production of a person of little education and
of bad taste: it seems to consist of a number of
extracts made from several writers, and put together without any judgment; there is scarcely anything in the work that is striking or novel. But,
notwithstanding all this, the work was very popular in the 15th and 16th centuries, like everything
else referring to the war of Troy. Hence several
editions and translations were made of it. It was
then and is still usually printed together with the
work of Dictys Cretensis. The first edition appeared at Cologne, in 1470; the first in which
care was bestowed upon the text, is that of J.
Mercerus. (Paris, 1618, and Amsterdam, 1631,
12mo.) The subsequent editions give the text of
Mercerus, such as those of Anne Dacier (Paris,
1680, and Amsterdam, 1702, 4to.), U. Obrecht
(Strassb. 1691, 8vo.), and others. The best and
most recent edition is that of A. Dederich (Bonn,
1837, 8vo.), who has appended it to his edition of
Dictys, and premised an interesting dissertation
upon Dares and the work bearing his name. [L.S.]
DA'SIUS. 1. Of Brundusium, was commander
of the garrison at Clastidium in B. c. 218, and
being bribed by Hannibal, he surrendered the place
to him, whereby the Carthaginians, who were encamped on the Trebia, obtained plentiful stores of
provisions. (Liv. xxi. 48.)
2. Of Salapia. He and Blattius were the
leading men at Salapia, and he favoured Hannibal, while Blattius advocated the interests of
Rome, at least as much as he could do in secret.
But as Blattius could effect nothing without Dasius, he at length endeavoured to persuade him to
espouse the part of the Romans. But Dasius, unwilling to support his rival, informed Hannibal of
the schemes of Blattius. Both were then summoned by Hannibal. Blattius, when he appeared
before the Carthaginian general, accused Dasius of
treachery; and -Hanniibal, who had not much confidence in either of them, dismissed them both.
However, Blattius carried out his design, and Salapia with its Punic garrison was surrendered to
the Romans. Dasius was killed in the massacre
which ensued. This happened in B. c. 210. (Liv.
xxvi. 38; Appian, Annib. 45, &c.) [L. S.]
DA'SIUS, ALTINIUS, of Arpi. When P.
Sempronius and Q. Fabius, in B. c. 213, had taken
up their positions in Lucania and Apulia against
Hannibal, Dasius went at night time into the camp
of Fabius, and offered to deliver up Arpi into his
hands, if the consul would give him an appropriate
reward. Fabius consulted with his other officers,
and, as Dasius had on a former occasion betrayed
the Romans, as ihe now proposed to betray Hannibal, it was resolved that for the present he should
be kept in custody till the end of the war. In the
mean time, his absence had created considerable
uneasiness at Arpi, and a report of his treachery
reached Hannibal, who is said' to have availed
himself of the opportunity to confiscate the property of the traitor, and also to order his mother
and her children to be buried alive. (Liv. xxiv.
45.) [L. S.]
DI)A'TAMES (A7Cdfns), a Carian by birth, the

DATIS.
son of Camissares by a Scythian mother. His
father being satrap of Cilicia under Artaxerxes
II. (Mnemon), and high in the favour of that
monarch, Datames became one of the king's bodyguard; and having in this capacity distinguished
himself in the war against the Cadusii, was appointed to succeed his father (who had fallen in
that war) in the government of his province.
Here he distinguished himself both by his military
abilities and his zeal in the service of the king;
and reduced to subjection two satraps who liad
revolted from Artaxerxes, Thyus, governor of
Paphlagonia, and Aspis of Cataonia He was in
consequence entrusted by the Persian king with
the chief command of a force designed for the recovery of Egypt; but the machinations of his
enemies at the Persian court, and the risks to
which he was in consequence exposed, induced
him to change his plan, and throw off his allegiance
to the king. He withdrew with the troops under
his command into Cappadocia, and made common
cause with the other satraps who had revolted
from Persia. Artabazus, one of the generals that
remained faithful to the king, advanced against
him from Pisidia, but was entirely defeated. The
great reputation that Datames had acquired induced Artaxerxes to direct his utmost exertions to
effect his subjection, but Autophradates, who was
sent against him with a large army, was obliged to
retreat with heavy loss. Datames, however,
though constantly victorious against open foes,
ultimately fell a victim to treachery, and, after
evading numerous plots that had been formed
against his life, was assassinated at a conference
by Mithridates, the son of Ariobarzanes, who had
gained his confidence by assuming the appearance
of hostility to the king. (Corn. Nep. Datcones;
Diod. xv. 91; Polyaen. vii. 21, 29. ~ 1.)
Datames appears to have obtained the highest
reputation in his day for courage and ibility in
war, which caused his fame to extend even among
the Greeks, though he did not come into personal
collision with them. Cornelius Nepos (to whose
biographical sketch we owe the only connected
narrative of his life) calls him the bravest and
most able of all barbarian generals, except I-amilcar and Hannibal; but there is much confusion in
thle accounts transmitted to us, and it is difficult
to assign the anecdotes of him recorded by Polyaonus to their proper place in his history. TIhe
chrenology of the events related by Nepos is also
very obscure; but according to that author and
Diodorus it would appear tihat Datames must have
died before Artaxerxes, probably B. c. 362. Clinton is, however, of opinion that a much longer
interval elapsed between his revolt and his death
(Clinton, F. H. vol. iii. p. 422, not.) [E. H. B.]
DATAPHERNES (Aoaveaqpeps), a Persian in
the confidence of Bessus, and one of those wlio
betrayed him to Alexander, B. c. 329. LHe joined.
Spitamenes, satrap of Sogdiana, in his revolt, and,
when their cause became desperate, took refuge
among the Dahae, who, on hearing of the death of
Spitamenes, delivered him up in chains to Alexander. (Arr. Anab. iii. 29, 30, iv. 1, &c.; Diod.
xvii. 83; Curt. vii. 5, 6, &c., viii. 3; Freinsh. ad
loc.) [E. E.]
DATIS (Adris), a Mede, who, together wuith
Artaphernes, had the command of thie forces which
were sent by Dareius Hystaspis against cEretri
and Athens, and which were finally defeated at