A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

938 DANAUS.
Pindar mentions only forty-eight Danai'des as having obtained husbands in this manner, for Hypermnestra and Amymone are not included, since the
former was already married to Lynceus and the
latter to Poseidon. Pausanias (vii. 1. ~ 3. Comp.
iii. 12. ~ 2; Herod. ii. 98) mentions, that Automate and Scaea were married to Architeles and
Archander, the sons of Achaeus. According to
the Scholiast on Euripides (Iecub. 886), the Danai'des were killed by Lynceus together with their
father. Notwithstanding their purification mentioned in the earlier writers, later poets relate that
the Danaides were punished for their crime in
Hades by being compelled everlastingly to pour
water into a vessel full of holes. (Ov. Met. iv. 462,
Heroid. xiv.; HIorat. Carm. iii. 11. 25; Tibull. i.
3. 79; Hygin. Fab. 168; Serv. ad Aen. x. 497.)
Strabo (viii.p. 371) and others relate, that Danabis
or the Danai'des provided Argos with water, and
for this reason four of the latter were worshipped
at Argos as divinities; and this may possibly be
the foundation of the story about the punishminent
of the Danai'des. Ovid calls them by the name of
the Belides, from their grandfather, Belus; and
Herodotus (ii. 171), following the tales of the
Egyptians, says, that they brought the mysteries
of Demeter Thesmophoros from Egypt to Peloponnesus, and that the Polasgian women there learned
the mysteries from them. [L. S.]
DANAUS (davaos), a son of Belus and Anchinoe, and a grandson of Poseidon and Libya.
He was brother of Aegyptus, and father of fifty
daughters, and the mythical ancestor of the Danai.
(Apollod. ii. 1, ~ 4, &c.) According to the common story he was a native of Chemnis, in the
Thebais in Upper Egypt, and migrated from
thence into Greece. (Herod. ii. 91.) Belus had
given. Danails Libya, while Aegyptus had obtained
Arabia. Danalis had reason to think that the
sons of his brother were plotting against him, and
fear or the advice of an oracle (Eustath. ad HoIn.
p. 37), induced him to build a large ship and to
embarkl with his daughters. On his flight he first
landed at Rhodes, where he set up an image of
Athena Lindia. According to the story in Herodotus, a temple of Athena was built at Lindus by
the daughters of Danaids, and according to Strabo
(xiv. p. 654) Tlepolemus built the towns of Lindus, ialysus and Cameirus, and called them thus
after the names of three Daiiaides. From Rhodes
Danalls and his daughters sailed to Peloponnesus,
and landed at a place near Lerna, which was afterwards called from this event Apobathmi. (Paus.
ii. 38. ~ 4.) At Argos a dispute arose between
Danaiis and Gelanor about the government, and
after many discussions the people deferred the decision of the question to the next day. At its
dawn a wolf rushed among the cattle and killed
one of the oxen. This occurrence was to the
Argives an event which seemed to announce to
them in what manner the dispute should terminate,
and Dainais was accordingly made king of Argos.
Out of gratitude he now built a sanctuary of
Apollo Lycius, who, as he believed, had sent the
wolf. (Paus. ii. 19. ~ 3. Comp. Serv. ad Aen. iv.
377, who relates a different story.) Danalis also
erected two wooden statues of Zeus and Artemis,
and dedicated his shield in the sanctuary of Hera.
(Pans. ii. 19. ~ 6; iygin. Feb. 170.) He is
further said to have built the acropolis of Argos
and to have provided the place with water by cdig

DAPHNAEUS.
ging wells. (Strab. i. p. 23, viii. p. 371; Eustath. ad Horn. p. 461.) The sons of Aegyptus in
the mean time had followed their uncle to Argos;
they assured him of their peaceful sentiments and
sued for the hands of his daughters. Danails still
mistrusted them and remembered the cause of his
flight from his country; however he gave them
his daughters and distributed them among his nephews by lot. But all the brides, with the exception of Hypermnestra murdered their husbands by
the command of their father. [DANAIDES.] In
aftertimes the Argives were. called Danai. Whether Danahis died a natural death, or whether he
was killed by Lynceus, his son-in-law, is a point
on which the various traditions are not agreed,
but he is said to have been buried at Argos, and
his tomb in the agora of Argos was shewn there as
late as the time of Pausanias. (ii. 20. ~ 4; Strab.
viii. p. 371.) Statues of Danaus, Hypermnestra
and Lynceus were seen at Delphi by Pausanias.
(x. 10. ~ 2.) [L. S.]
DA'PHITAS or DA'PHIDAS (Aaibras or
Aa ieas), a grammarian and epigrammatist of Telmessus, of whom Suidas says, that he wrote against
Homer, accusing him of falsehood in saying that
the Athenians went to the Trojan war. He was
a reviler of all men, and did not spare even the
gods. He put a trick upon the Delphian oracle,
as he thought, by inquiring whether he should
find his horse. The answer was, that he should
find it soon. Upon this, he declared that he had
never had a horse, much less lost one. But the
oracle proved to be true, for on his return home
he was seized by Attalus, the king of Pergamus,
and thrown headlong from a rock, the name of
which was briros, ihorse. (Suid. s. v. Aaoiuras;
comp. Cic. de Fat. 3; Val. Max. i. 8, ext. ~ 8.)
Strabo, in speaking of Magnesia, mentions a mountain over against it, named Thorax, on which it
was said that Daphitas was crucified for reviling
the kings in two verses, which he preserves. He
also mentions the oracle, but, of course, as playing
upon the word OcEpa( instead of 'lIrros (xiv. p. 647).
The distich preserved by Strabo is also included
in the Greek Anthology. (Brunck, Anal. iii. p.
330; Jacobs, ii. p. 39.) [P. S.]
DAPHNAEA and DAPHNAEUS (Aagvata
and Aamvaios), surnames of Artemis and Apollo
respectively, derived from badlv, ma laurel, which
was sacred to Apollo. In the case of Artemis it
is uncertain why she bore that surname, and it
was perhaps merely an allusion to her statue being
made of laurel-wood (Paus. iii. 24. ~ 6; Strab.
xvi. p. 750; Philostr. Vit. Apollon. i. 16; Eutrop. vi. 11; Justin. xv. 4.) [L. S.]
DAPHNAEUS (AavYamos), a Syracusan, one
of the leaders of the popular party in that city
after the death of Diodles. He was appointed to
command the troops sent by the Syracusans, together with their Sicilian and Italian allies, to the
relief of Agrigentum, when it was besieged by the
Carthaginians, B. c. 406. He at first defeated the
force despatched by Himilco to oppose his advance,
but was unable to avert the fall of Agrigentum,
and consequently shared in the unpopularity caused
by that event, and was deposed, together with the
other generals, on the motion of Dionysius. As
soon as the latter had established himself in the
supreme command, he summoned an assembly of
the people, and procured the execution of Daphnaeus together with his late colleague, Demarchus