A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

DAMOSTRATUS. DANAIDES. 937
posed by her after the manner of the Aeolians and Bibl. Graec. iv. p. 471, ed. Harles, xiii. p. 138,
Pamphylians. (Philost. Vit. Apollon. i. 30.) [P. S.] old. edit.; DEMOSTRATUS.) [P. S.]
DAMO'PIIILUSorDEMO'PHILUS, apainter DAMO'TELES (AaetorEA?). 1. A Spartan,
and modeller (plastes) who, with Gorgasus, embel- through whose treachery, according to one account,
lished the temple of Ceres by the Circus Maximus Cleomenes was defeated by Antigonus at the bat.
at Rome with works of art in both departments, tle of Sellasia, B. c. 222. (Phylarch. ap. Plut.
to which was affixed an inscription in Greek Cleom. 28; comp. Polyb. ii. 65, &c.) Damoteles
verses, intimating that the works on the right is said in Plutarch to have had the office of comwere by Damophilus, those on the left by Gorgasus. mander of the Crypteia (see Dict. of Ant. s. v.),
(Plin. xxxv. 12. s. 45.) This temple was that which would qualify him for the service of reconof Ceres, Liber, and Libera, which was vowed by noitring assigned to him by Cleomenes before the
the dictator A. Postumius, in his battle with the engagement.
Latins, B. c. 496, and was dedicated by Sp. Cassius 2. An Aetolian, was one of the ambassadors
Viscellinus in B. c. 493. (Dionys. vi. 17, 94; Tac. whom his countrymen, by the advice of the AtheAnn. ii. 49.) See )EMO'PHILUS. [P. S.] nians, sent to Rome in B. c. 190 to negotiate with
DAMO'PHILUS (AaiuotA os), a philosopher the senate for peace. He returned in the ensuing
and sophist, was brought up by Julian, who was year without having accomplished his object. M.
consul under the emperor Marcus. His writings Fulvius, the consul, having crossed over from Italy
were very numerous; the following were found in against them, the Aetolians once more despatched
the libraries by Saidas: 1. tAtGoXAos, the first Damoteles to Rome; but, having ascertained on
book of which was upon books worth having (W'rpl his arrival at Leucas that Fulvius was on his way
aioicrTrrwv tAtiwv), and was addressed to Lollius through Epeirus to besiege Ambracia, he thought
Maximus; 2. On the Lives of the Ancients (reptI the embassy hopeless, and returned to Aetolia.
3icwv dpx-aiwv); and very many others. (Suid. We hear of him again among those who came to
s. v.; Voss. Hlist. Graec. pp. 269, 270, ed. Wes- Fulvius at Ambracia to sue for peace, which was
termann.) [P. S.] granted by the consul and afterwards ratified by
DA'MOPHON (Aao<pdv), a sculptor of Mes- the senate. [DAMIS, No. 2.] (Polyb. xxi. 3, xxii.
sene, was the only Messenian artist of any note. 8, 9, 12, 13; Liv. xxxviii. 8.) [E. E.]
(Paus. iv. 31. ~ 8.) His time is doubtful. Heyne DAMO'XENUS (AauJdvos) was an Athenian
and Winckelmann place him a little later than comic poet of the new comedy, and perhaps partly
Phidias; Quatremere de Quincy from B. c. 340 to of the middle. Two of his plays, entitled 21VrpoB. c. 300. Sillig (Catal. Art. s. v. Demophou) ar- coc and 'Earvdv arvOpv, are mentioned by Athegues, from the fact that he adorned Messene and naeus, who quotes a long passage from the former,
Megalopolis with his chief works, that he lived and a few lines from the latter. Elsewhere he
about the time when Messene was restored and calls him, less correctly, Demoxenus. The longer
Megalopolis was built. (B. c. 372-370.) Pausa- fragment was first published, with a Latin version,
nias mentions the following works of Damophon: by Hugo Grotius, in his Excerpta ex Tragoediis et
At Aegius in Achaia, a statue of Lucina, of wood, Comoediis Graecis, Par. 1626, 4to. (Ath. i.
except the face, hands, and toes, which were of p. 15, b., iii. p. 101, f., xi. p. 469, a.; Suid. s. v.;
Pentelic marble, and were, no doubt, the only Eudoc. p. 131; Meineke, Hist. Crit. Com. Graec.
parts uncovered: also, statues of Hygeia and As- i. p. 4 84, &c., iv. p. 529, &c., p. 843, &c.) [P. S.]
clepius in the shrine of Eileithyia and Asclepius, DANAE (Aavcmi). See AcaISmus. We may
bearing the artist's name in an iambic line on the add here the story which we meet with at a later
base: at Messene, a statue of the Mother of the time in Italy, and according to which Danae went
Gods, in Parian marble, one of Artemis Laphria, to Italy, built the town of Ardea, and married
and several marble statues in the temple of Ascle- Pilumnus, by whom she became the mother of
pius: at Megalopolis, wooden statues of Hermes Daunus, the ancestor of Turnus. (Virg. Aen. vii.
and Aphrodite, with faces, hands, and toes of mar- 372, 409, with Servius's note.) [L. S.]
ble, and a great monolith group of Despoena (i. e. DANA'IDES (eava&eis), the fifty daughters of
Cora) and Demeter, seated on a throne, which is Danaiis, whose names are given by Apollodorus
fully described by Pausanias. He also repaired (ii. 1. ~ 5) and Hyginus (Fab. 170), though they
Phidias's colossal statue of Zeus at Olympia, the are not the same in both lists. They were beivory plates of which had become loose. (Paus. iv. trothed to the fifty sons of Aegyptus, but were
31. ~~ 5, 6, 8, viii. 31. ~~ 3, 5, 37. ~ 2.) [P.S.] compelled by their father to promise him to kill
DAMOSTRA'TIA (Aapoo-rpara), a courtezan their husbands, in the first night, with the swords
of the emperor Commodus, who subsequently be- which he gave them. They fulfilled their promise,
came the wife of Cleander, the favourite of the em- and cut off the heads of their husbands with the experor. (Dion Cass. lxxii. 12; CLEANDER.) [L. S.] ception of Hypermnestra alone, who was married to
DAMO'STRATUS (Aador-Tparos), a person Lynceus, and who spared his life. (Pind.Nem. x. 7.)
whose name appears in the title of an epigram in According to some accounts, Amymone and Berbyce
the Greek Anthology (Brunck, Anal. ii. 259; also did not kill their husbands. (Schol. ad find.
Jacobs, Anth. Graec. ii. 235), Aa/xoOr-pdTov dvd- Pyth. ix. 200; Eustath. ad Dionys. Perieg. 805.)
Om ca l rds viLaeats, but whether he was the author Hypermnestra was punished by her father with imof the epigram, or the person who dedicated the prisonment, but was afterwards restored to her
statue to the nymphs, on which the epigram was husband Lynceus. TheDanaides buried the corpses
inscribed, does not appear. Reiske supposed that of their victims, and were purified from their crime
he might be the same person as Demostratus, a by Hermes and Athena at the command of Zeus.
Roman senator, who wrote a poem on fishing Dana'is afterwards found it difficult to obtain hus(dievrucad), which is often quoted by the ancient bands for his daughters, and he invited men to
writers, and who lived in the first century after public contests, in which his daughters were given
Christ. (Jacobs, Amnth. Gracec. xiii. 881; Fabric, as prizes to the victors (Pind. Rlih. ix. 117.)