A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

78 AGRIPPA. AGRIPPA,
prison. (A. D. 44. Acts, xii.) It was not however Spartianus as privy to the death of Antoninus
merely by such acts that he strove to win their Caracallus. (Anton. Car. 6.)
favour, as we see from the way in which, at the AGRIPPA MENE'NIUS. [MENENIUS.]
risk of his own life, or at least of his liberty, he AGRIPPA PO'STUMUS, a posthumous son
interceded with Caligula on behalf of the Jews, of M.Vipsanius Agrippa, by Julia, the daughter of
when that emperor was attempting to set up his Augustus, was born in B. c. 12. He was adopted
statue in the temple at Jerusalem. The manner by Augustus together with Tiberius in A. D. 4,
of his death, which took place at Caesarea in the and he assumed the toga virilis in the following
same year, as he was exhibiting games in honour year, A. D. 5. (Suet. Octav. 64, 65; Dion Cass.
of the emperor, is related in Acts xii., and is con- liv. 29, Iv. 22.) Notwithstanding his adoption he
firmed in all essential points by Josephus, who was afterwards banished by Augustus to the island
repeats Agrippa's words, in which he acknowledged of Planasia, on the coast of Corsica, a disgrace
the justice of the punishment thus inflicted on him. which he incurred on account of his savage and
After lingering five days, he expired, in the fifty- intractable character; but he was not guilty of
fourth year of his age. any crime. There he was under the surveillance
By his wife Cypros he had a son named Agrippa, of soldiers, and Augustus obtained a senatusconand three daughters, Berenice, who first married sultum by which the banishment was legally conher uncle Herodes, king of Chalcis, afterwards firmed for the time of his life. The property of
lived with her brother Agrippa, and subsequently Agrippa was assigned by Augustus to the treasury
married Polamo, king of Cilicia; she is alluded to of the army. It is said that during his captivity
by Juvenal (Sat. vi. 156); Mariamne, and Drusilla, he received the visit of Augustus, who secretly
who married Felix, the procurator of Judaea. (Jo- went to Planasia, accompanied by Fabius Maxiseph. Ant. Jud. xvii. 1. ~ 2, xviii. 5-8, xix. 4-8; mus. Augustus and Agrippa, both deeply affected,
Bell. Jud. i. 28. ~ 1, ii. 9. 11; Dion Cass. lx. 8; shed tears when they met, and it was believEuseb. Hist. Eccles. ii. 10.) [C. P. M.] ed that Agrippa would be restored to liberty.
AGRIPPA, HERO'DES II., the son of Agrippa But the news of this visit reached Livia, the
I., was educated at the court of the emperor Clau- mother of Tiberius, and Agrippa remained a capdius, and at the time of his father's death was only tive. After the accession of Tiberius, in A. D. 14,
seventeen years old. Claudius therefore kept him Agrippa was murdered by a centurion, who enat Rome, and sent Cuspias Fadus as procurator of tered his prison and killed him after a long
the kingdom, which thus again became a Roman struggle, for Agrippa was a man of great bodily
province. On the death of Herodes, king of strength. When the centurion afterwards went to
Chalcis (A. D. 48), his little principality, with the Tiberius to give him an account of the execution,
right of superintending the temple and appointing the emperor denied having given any order for it,
the high priest, was given to Agrippa, who four and it is very probable that Livia was the secret
years afterwards received in its stead the tetrar- author of the crime. There was a rumour that
chies formerly held by Philip and Lysanias, with Augustus had left an order for the execution of
the title of king. In A. D. 55, Nero added the Agrippa, but this is positively contradicted by
cities of Tiberias and Taricheae in Galilee, and Tacitus. (Tac. Ann. i. 3-6; Dion Cass. Iv. 32,
Julias, with fourteen villages near it, in Peraea. lvii. 3; Suet. 1. c, Tib. 22; Vellei. ii. 104, 112.)
Agrippa expended large sums in beautifying Jeru- After the death of Agrippa, a slave of the name
salem and other cities, especially Berytus. His of Clemens, who was not informed of the murder,
partiality for the latter rendered him unpopular landed on Planasia with the intention of restoring
amongst his own subjects, and the capricious man- Agrippa to liberty and carrying him off to the
ner in which he appointed and deposed the high army in Germany. When he heard of what had
priests, with some other acts which were distasteful, taken place, he tried to profit by his great resemmade him an object of dislike to the Jews. Be- blance to the murdered captive, and he gave himfore the outbreak of the war with the Romans, self out as Agrippa. He landed at Ostia, and
Agrippa attempted in vain to dissuade the people found many who believed him, or affected to
from rebelling. When the war was begun, he believe him, but he was seized and put to death
sided with the Romans, and was wounded at the by order of Tiberius. (Tac. Ann. ii. 39, 40.)
siege of Gamala. After the capture of Jerusalem, The name of Agrippa Caesar is found on a medal
he went with his sister Berenice to Rome, where of Corinth. [W. P.]
he was invested with the dignity of praetor. He AGRIPPA, VIBULE'NUS, a Roman knight,
died in the seventieth year of his age, in the third who took poison in the senate house at the time of
year of the reign of Trajan. He was the last his trial, A. D. 36; he had brought the poison with
prince of the house of the Herods. It was before him in a ring. (Tac. Ann. vi. 40; Dion. Cass.
this Agrippa that the apostle Paul made his de- Iviii. 21.)
fence. (A.. D. 60. Acts. xxv. xxvi.) He lived on AGRIPPA, M. VIPSA'NIUS, was born in
terms of intimacy with the historian Josephus, B. c. 63. He was the son of Lucius, and was dewho has preserved two of the letters he received scended from a very obscure family. At the age
from him. (Joseph. Ant. Jfzd. xvii. 5. ~ 4, xix. 9. of twenty he studied at Apollonia in Illyria, toge~ 2, xx. 1. ~ 3, 5. ~ 2, 7. ~ 1, 8. ~ 4 & 11, 9. ~ 4; ther with young Octavius, afterwards Octavianu,,
Bell. Jud. ii. 11. ~ 6, 12. ~ 1, 16, 17. ~ 1, iv. 1. ~ 3; and Augustus. After the murder of J. Caesar in
Vit. s. 54; Phot. cod. 33.) [C. P. M.] B. c. 44, Agrippa was one of those intimate friends
AGRIPPA, MARCIUS, a man of the lowest of Octavius, who advised him to proceed immediorigin, was appointed by Macrinus in B. c. 217, ately to Rome. Octavius took Agrippa with him.
first to the government of Pannonia and after- and charged him to receive the oath of fidelity froi
wards to that of Dacia. (Dion. Cass. lxxviii. 13.) several legions which had declared in his favour
He seems to be the same person as the Marcius Having been chosen consul in B. c. 43, Octavius
Agrippa, admiral of the fleet, who is mentioned by gave to his friend Agrippa the delicate commissior