A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

AGGRAMMES.
by storm; but in the midst of his successes he was
seized with a fever, which carried him off in seven
days. He died at Aphytis, in the peninsula of
Pallene. His body was immersed in honey and
conveyed home to Sparta for burial. Though
Agesipolis did not share the ambitious views of
foreign conquest cherished by Agesilaus, his loss
was deeply regretted by that prince, who seems to
have had a sincere regard for him. (Xen. Hell.
v. 3. ~ 8-9, 18-19; Diod. xv. 22; Thirlwall, Hist.
of Greece, vol. iv. pp. 405, 428, &c., v. pp. 5, &c.
20.) [C. P. M.]
AGESI'POLIS II., son of Cleombrotus, was
the 23rd king of the Agid line. He ascended the
throne B. c. 371, and reigned one year. (Paus.
iii. 6. ~ 1; Diod. xv. 60.) [C. P. M.]
AGESI'POLIS III., the 31st of the Agid line,
was the son of Agesipolis, and grandson of Cleombrotus II. After the death of Cleomenes he was
elected king while still a minor, and placed under
the guardianship of his uncle Cleomenes. (Polyb.
iv. 35.) He was however soon deposed by his colleague Lycurgus, after the death of Cleomenes.
We hear of him next in B. c. 195, when he was at
the head of the Lacedaemonian exiles, who joined
Flamininus in his attack upon Nabis, the tyrant
of Lacedaemon. (Liv. xxxiv. 26.) He formed
one of an embassy sent about B. c. 183 to Rome
by the Lacedaemonian exiles, and, with his companions, was intercepted by pirates and killed.
(Polyb. xxiv. 11.) [C. P. M.]
AGESI'STRATE. [AGIS IV.]
AGE'TAS ('AyjrTa s), commander-in-chief of the
Aetolians in B. c. 217, made an incursion into
Acarnania and Epirus, and ravaged both countries. (Polyb. v. 91. 96.)
AGE'TOR ('AyjrTwp), a surname given to several gods, for instance, to Zeus at Lacedaemon
(Stob. Serm. 42): the name seems to describe
Zeus as the leader and ruler of men; but others
think, that it is synonymous with Agamemnon
[AGAMEMNON, 2]:-to Apollo (Eurip. Med. 426)
where however Elmsley and others prefer dy-1rwp:
-to Hermes, who conducts the souls of men to
the lower world. Under this name Hermes had a
statue at Megalopolis. (Paus. viii. 31. ~ 4.) [L. S.]
AGGE'NUS U'RBICUS, a writer on the
science of the Agrimensores. (Dict. of Ant. p. 30.)
It is uncertain when he lived; but he appears to
have been a Christian, and it is not improbable
from some expressions which he uses, that he lived
at the latter part of the fourth century of our era.
The extant works ascribed to him are:--" Aggeni
Urbici in Julium Frontinum Commentarius," a commentary upon the work " De Agrorum Qualitate,"
which is ascribed to Frontinus; " In Julium Frontinum Commentariorum Liber secundus qui Diazographus dicitur;" and " Commentariorum de Controversiis Agrorum Pars prior et altera." The
last-named work Niebuhr supposes to have been
written by Frontinus, and in the time of Domitian,
since the author speaks of " praestantissimus
Domitianus," an expression, which would never
have been applied to this tyrant after his deaths.
(Hist. of Rome, vol. ii. p. 621.)
AGGRAMMES, called XANDRAMES (,Se6pd4i7]s) by Diodorus, the ruler of the Gangaridae
and Prasii in India, was said to be the son of a
barber, whom the queen had married. Alexander
was preparing to march against him, when he was
compelled by his soldiers, who had become tired of

AGIS. 71
the war, to give up further conquests in India.
(Curt. v. 2; Diod. xvii. 93, 94; Arrian, Anab.
v. 25, &c.; Plut. Alex. 60.)
A'GIAS ('Ayias), son of Agelochus and grandson of Tisamenus, a Spartan seer who predicted
the victory of Lysander at Aegos-potami. (Paus.
iii. 11. ~ 5.) [TISAMENUS.]
A'GIAS ('Ayias). 1. A Greek poet, whose
name was formerly written Augias, through a
mistake of the first editor of the Excerpta of
Proclus. It has been corrected by Thiersch in tihe
Acte PJilol. Monac. ii. p. 584, from the Codex
Monacensis, which in one passage has Agias,
and in another Hagias. The name itself does not
occur in early Greek writers, unless it be supposed
that Egias or Hegias ('Hyias) in Clemens Alexandrinus (Strom. vi. p. 622), and Pausanias ( i. 2.
~ 1), are only different forms of the same name.
He was a native of Troezen, and the time at which
he wrote appears to have been about the year
B. c. 740. His poem was celebrated in antiquity,
under the name of Ndoro-, i. e. the history of the
return of the Achaean heroes from Troy, and consisted of five books. The poem began with the
cause of the misfortunes which befel the Achaeans
on their way home and after their arrival, that is,
with the outrage committed upon Cassandra and
the Palladium; and the whole poem filled up the
space which was left between the work of the
poet Arctinus and the Odyssey. The ancients
themselves appear to have been uncertain about the
author of this poem, for they refer to it simply by
the name of NJdoroi, and when they mention the
author, they only call him 6d Trs NdorTovs 7ypiars.
(Athen. vii. p. 281; Paus. x. 28. ~ 4, 29. ~ 2, 30.
~ 2; Apollod. ii. 1. ~ 5; Schol. ad Odyss. iv. 12;
Schol. ad Aristoph. Equit. 1332; Lucian, De
Saltat. 46.) Hence some writers attributed the
No'oros to Homer ( Suid. s. v. voerot; Anthol.
Planud. iv. 30), while others call its author a Colophonian. (Eustath. ad Odyss. xvi. 118.) Similar poems, and with the same title, were written
by other poets also, such as Eumelus of Corinth
(Schol. ad Find. 01. xiii. 31), Anticleides of
Athens (Athen. iv. p. 157, ix. p. 466), Cleidemus
(Athen. xiii. p. 609), and Lysimachus. (Athen.
iv. p. 158; Schol. ad Apollon. lRhod. i. 558.)
Where the No-reot is mentioned without a name,
we have generally to understand the work of
Agias.
2. A comic writer. (Pollux, iii. 36; Meineke,
Hist. Comic. Grace. pp. 404, 416.) [L. S.]
A'GIAS ('Ayias), the author of a work on
Argolis. ('ApyoAiumK, Athen. iii. p. 86, f.) He is
called 'd uovuwcds in another passage of Athenaeus
(xiv. p. 626, f.), but the musician may be another
person.
AGIATIS. [AGIS IV.]
AGIS I. ("Ayrs), king of Sparta, son of Eurysthenes, began to reign, it is said, about B. c.
1032. (Mulller, Dor. vol. ii. p. 511, transl.) According to Eusebius (Chron. i. p. 166) he reigned
only one year; according to Apollodorus, as it
appears, about 31 years. During the reign of
Eurysthenes, the conquered people were admitted
to an equality of political rights with the Dorians.
Agis deprived them of these, and reduced them to
the condition of subjects to the Spartans. The
inhabitants of the town of Helos attempted to
shake off the yoke, but they were subdued, and
gave rise and name to the class called Helots.