A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

CLOELIA.
CLODIA'NUS, mentioned by Cicero (ad Att.
i. 19), is the same as Cn. Cornelius Lentulus Clodianus, consul n. c. 72. [LENTULUS.]
CLO'DIUS, another form of the name Claudius,
just as we find both caudex and codex, claustrum
and clostrum, cauda and coda. In the latter times
of the republic several of the Claudia gens, adopted
exclusively the form Clodius, others were called indifferently, sometimes Claudius and sometimes Clodius: their lives are given under CLAUDIUS.
CLO'DIUS. 1. Aphysician, who must have lived
in the first century B. c., as he was a pupil of Asclepiades of Bithynia. One of his works is quoted
by Caelius Aurelianus (De Molorb. Chron. iv. 9,
p. 545; De Morb. Acut. iii. 8, p. 217) with reference to ascarides.
2. L. Clodius, a native of Ancona, who was employed by Oppianicus to poison Dinea in the first
century B. c., and who is called by Cicero (pro
Cluent. c. 14) " pharmacopola circumforaneus,"
may perhaps be the same person as the preceding,
though it is scarcely probable. [W. A. G.]
CLO'DIUS ALBINUS. [ALBINUS.]
CLO'DIUS BITHY'NICUS. [BITHYNICUS,
and CLAUDIUS No. 6, p. 775,b.]
CLO'DIUS LICFNUS [LICINUS.]
CLO'DIUS MACER. [MACER.]
CLO'DIUS QUIRINA'LIS. [QUIRINALIS.]
CLO'DIUS SABNUTS. [SABINUS.]
CLO'DIUS TURRI'NUS. [TURRINUS.]
CLOE'LIA, a Roman virgin, who was one of
the hostages given to Porsena with other maidens
and boys, is said to have escaped from the Etruscan
camp, and to have swum across the Tiber to Rome.
She was sent back by the Romans to Porsena,
who was so struck with her gallant deed, that he
not only set her at liberty, but allowed her to take
with her a part of the hostages: she chose those
who were under age, as they were most exposed
to ill-treatment. Porsena also rewarded her with
a horse adorned with splendid trappings, and the
Roman people with the statue of a female on horseback, which was erected in the Sacred Way. Another tradition, of far less celebrity, related, that
all the hostages were massacred by Tarquinius
with the exception of Valeria, who swum over the
Tiber and escaped to Rome, and that the equestrian
statue was erected to her, and not to Cloelia. (Liv.
ii. 13; Dionys. v. 33; Plut. Poplic. 19, Illustr.
Ferm. s. vv. Valeria et Cloelia; Flor. i. 10; Val.
Max. iii. 2. ~ 2; Aurel. Vict. de Vir. Ill. 13; Dion
Cass. in Bekker's Anecd. i. p. 133. 8; Piin. H. N.
xxxiv. 6. s. 13; Virg. Aen. viii. 651; Juv. viii.
265.)
CLOE'LIA or CLUILIA GENS, patrician,
of Alban origin, was one of the gentes minores,
and was said to have derived its name from Clolius.
a companion of Aeneas. (Festus, s. v. Cloelia.)
The name of the last king of Alba is said to have
been C. Cluilius or Cloelius. He led an army
against Rome in the time of Tullus Hostilius,
pitched his camp five miles from the city, and surrounded his encampment with a ditch, which con
tinued to be called after him, in subsequent ages
Fossa Cluilia, Fossae Cluiliae, or Fossae Cloeliae
While here, he died, and the Albans chose Mettu
Fuffetius as dictator, in consequence of whosa
treachery the Romans destroyed Alba. Niebuhr
however, remarks, that though the Fossa Cluilic
was undoubtedly the work of an Alban princo
called Cluilius, yet that the story of the Alba

CLONAS. 805
army encamping there was probably invented for
the sake of accounting for this name. (Liv. i. 22,
23; Dionys. iii. 2-4; Festus, s. v. Cloeliae Fossae;
comp. Liv. ii. 39; Dionys. viii. 22; Niebuhr, vol.
i. pp. 204, 348, n. 870.)
Upon the destruction of Alba, the Cloelii were
one of the noble Alban houses enrolled in the Roman senate. (Liv. i. 30; Dionys. iii. 29.) They
bore the surname SICULUS, probably because the
Albans were regarded as a mixture of Siculians
with Priscans. Tullus was perhaps another cognomen of this gens. See CLOELIUS TULLUS.
The following coin of this gens contains on the
obverse the head of Pallas, and on the reverse
Victory in a biga, with the inscription T. CLOVLI,
Cloulius being an ancient form of the name.
CLOE'LIUS, an Aequian, the commander of a
Volscian force, came to besiege Ardea, B.c. 443,
invited by the plebs of that town, who had been
driven out of it by the optimates. While he was
before the place, the Romans, under the consul
M. Geganius, came to the assistance of the optimates, drew lines around the Volscians, and did
not allow them to march out till they had surrendered their general, Cloelius, who adorned the
triumph of the consul at Rome. (Liv. iv. 9, 10.)
Comp. COELIUS GRACCHUS.
CLOE'LIUS GRACCHUS, the leader of the
Aequians in B. c. 458, surrounded the consul L.
Minucius Augurinus, who had through fear shut
himself up in his camp on Mount Algidus; but
Coelius was in his turn surrounded by the dictator
L. Quinctius Capitolinus, who had come to relieve
Minucius, and was delivered up by his own troops
to the dictator. (Liv. iii. 25-28; Dionys. x. 22
-24.) The legendary nature of this story as told
by Livy has been pointed out by Niebuhr (vol. ii.
p. 268), who remarks, that the Aequian general,
Coelius is again surrounded and taken prisoner
twenty years after at Ardea-a circumstance quite
impossible, as no one who had been led in triumph
in those days ever escaped execution.
CLOE'LIUS TULLUS, a Roman ambassador,
who was killed with his three colleagues by the
Fidenates, in B. c. 438, upon the instigation of
Lar Tolumnius, king of the Veientes. Statues of, all four were placed on the Rostra. Cicero calls, him Tullus Cluilius. (Liv. iv. 17; Cic. Phil. ix. 2;, Plin. H. N. xxxiv. 6. s. 11.)
CLONAS (KAovds), a poet, and one of the
earliest musicians of Greece, was claimed by the
Arcadians as a native of Tegea, but by the Boeo-, tians as a native of Thebes. His age is not quite
- certain; but he probably lived a little later than
- Terpander, or he was his younger contemporary, (about 620 B. c.). He excelled in the music of the. flute, which he is thought by some to have intros duced into Greece from Asia. As might be exe pected from the connexion between elegiac poetry
Sand the flute music, he is reckoned among the
a elegiac poets. Among the pieces of music which
e he composed was one called Elegos. To him are
n ascribed the invention of the Apothetos and