A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

CHIOS.

CHNTODOMARIUS. 695

Parnassus, but ii falling he was changed by Apollo CHITO'NE (Xtrw'r'), a surname of Artemis,
into a hawk. Chione is also called Philonis. (Ov. who was represented as a huntress with her chiton
Met. xi. 300, &c.; Hygin. Fab. 200; comp. Au- girt up. Others derived the name from the Attic
TOLYCUS.) There is a third mythical personage of village of Chitone, or from the circumstance of the
this name. (Serv. ad Aen. iv. 250.) [L. S.] clothes in which newly-born children were dressed
CHIO'NIDES (Xsesvii3s and XioviVs), an being sacred to her. (Callim. Hymn. in Dian. 225;
Athenian comic poet of the old comedy, whom Schol. ad Callim. Hymn. in Jov. 77.) Respecting
Suidas (s. v.) places at the head of the poets of the the festival of the Chitonia celebrated to her at
old comedy (Trpwraywvztrv 7T, s dpaias KK,ý- Chitone, see Diet. of Ant. s. v. XTrcVia. [L. S.]
bias), adding that he exhibited eight years before CHIUS AUFI'DIUS. [AUFIDIUS CHIUS.]
the Persian war, that is, in B. c. 487. (Clinton, CHLAE'NEAS (XAavweias), an Aetolian, was
sub ann.) On the other hand, according to a pas- sent by his countrymen as ambassador to the Lacesage in the Poetic of Aristotle (c. 3), Chionides daemonians, B. c. 211, to excite them against Philip
was long after Epicharmus. [EPICHARMUS.] On V. of Macedon. He is reported by Polybius as
the strength of this passage Meineke thinks that dwelling very cogently (avo'avT-,Jdirws) on the
Chionides cannot be placed much earlier than B. c. oppressive encroachments of all the successive kings
460; and in confirmation of this date he quotes of Macedonia from Philip II. downwards, as well
from Athenaeus (xiv. p. 638, a.) a passage from a as on the sure defeat which awaited Philip from
play of Chionides, the lrwceXoi, in which mention the confederacy then formed against him. Chlaeis made of Gnesippus, a poet contemporary with neas was opposed by the Acarnanian envoy LycisCratinus. But we also learn from Athenaeus (1. c. cus, but the Lacedaemonians were induced to join.
and iv. p. 137, e.), that some of the ancient critics the league of the Romans with the Aetolians and
considered the Tircoeoli to be spurious, and with Attalus I. (Polyb. ix. 28-39, x. 41; Liv. xxvi.
respect to the passage of Aristotle, Ritter has 24.) [E. E.]
brought forward very strong arguments against its CHLOE (XAdvO), the blooming, a surname of
genuineness. (For the discussion of the question Demeter the protectress of the green fields, who
see Wolf, Proleg. ad Hotm. p. lxix.; Meineke, had a sanctuary at Athens conjointly with Ge
Hist. Crit. pp. 27, 28; Grysarius, de Com. Doric. Curotrophos. (Paus. i. 22. ~ 3; Eustath. ad Horn.
pp. 152, 153; Ritter, Comm. in Aristot. Poet. 3.) p. 772.) This surname is probably alluded to
However this may be, the difference of some when Sophocles (Oed. Col. 1600) calls her A tmr 'p
twenty years in the date of Chionides is of little e6XAoos. (Comp. Aristoph. Lysist. 815.) Respectconsequence compared with the fact, attested by ing the festivalChloeia, see Diet. of Ant. s.v. [L. S.]
Suidas and implied by Aristotle, that Chionides CHLORIS (XXAwpi). 1. A daughter of the
was the most ancient poet of the Athenian old Theban Amphion and Niobe. According to an
comedy, -not absolutely in order of time, for Argive tradition, her original name was Meliboea,
Susarion was long before him [SUSARION], and, and she and her brother Amyclas were the only
if the passage of Aristotle be genuine, so were children of Niobe that were not killed by Apollo
Euetes, Euxenides, and Myllus; but the first who and Artemis. But the terror of Chloris at the
gave the Athenian comedy that form which it re- death of her brothers and sisters was so great, that
tained down to the time of Aristophanes, and of she turned perfectly white, and was therefore called
which the old comic lyric songs of Attica and the Chloris. She and her brother built the temple of
Megaric buffoonery imported by Susarion were Leto at Argos, which contained a statue of Chloris
only the rude elements. also. (Paus. ii. 21. ~ 10.) According to an OlymWe have the following titles of his Comedies: pian legend, she once gained the prize in the foot"-"Hpwes (a correction for"Hpwcs), Htrwcox (see race during the festival of Hera at Olympia. (Paus.
above), II'po-at i, Aoero-vpto. Of the last not v. 16. ~ 3.) Apollodorus (iii. 5. ~ 6) and Hyginus
a fragment remains: whether its title may be (Fab. 10, 69) confound her with Chloris, the wife
taken as an argument for placing Chionides about of Neleus.
the time of the Persian war, is of course a mere 2. A daughter of Amphion, the ruler of Orchomatter of conjecture. The Ilrwooil is quoted by menos, by Persephone, the daughter of Minyas.
Athenaeus (1. c., and iii. p. 191, e.), the "Hpwes by She was the wife of Neleus, king of Pylos, and
Pollux (x. 43), the Antiatticista (p. 97), and became by him the mother of Nestor, Chromius,
Suidas (s. v. Ayvos). The poet's name occurs in Periclymenos, and Pero. (Hom. Od. xi. 281, &c.;
Vitruvius. (vi. Praef.) [P. S.] Paus. x. 36. ~ 4, x. 29. ~ 2; Apollod. i. 9. ~ 9.)
CHIONIS (Xio'vs), a Spartan, who obtained 3. The wife of Zephyrus, and the goddess of
the victory at the Olympic games in four successive flowers, so that she is identical with the Roman
Olympiads (01. 28-31), four times in the stadium Flora. (Ov. Fast. v. 1.95.) There are two more
and thrice in the diaulos. (Paus. iii. 14. ~ 3, iv. mythical personages of the name of Chloris. (Hy23. ~~ 2, 5, vi. 13. ~ 1, viii. 39. ~ 2: Anckionis gin. Fab. 14; Anton. Lib. 9.) [L. S.]
is the same as this Chionis; see Krause, Olympia, CHLORUS. [CONSTANTIUS.]
pp. 243, 261.) CHNODOMA'RIUS or CHONDOMA'RIUS
CHI'ONIS(Xfovts), a statuary of Corinth, about (Gundomar), king of the Alemanni, became conB. c. 480, executed, in conjunction with Amyclaeus spicuous in Roman history in A. D. 351. Magnenand Dyillus, the group which the Phocians dedi- tius having assumed the purple at Augustodunum,
cated at Delphi. [AMYCLAEUS.] Chionis made in now Autun, in Gaul, the emperor Constantius
it the statues of Athene and Artemis. (Paus. x. made an alliance with the Alemanni and induced
13. ~ 4.) [P. S.] them to invade Gaul. Their king, Chnodomarius,
CHIOS (Xios), the name of two mythical per- consequently crossed the Rhine, defeated Decensonages, each of whom is said to have given the tius Caesar, the brother of Magnentius, destroyed
name to the island of Chios. (Paus. vii. 4. ~ 6; many towns, and ravaged the country without opSteph. Byz. s. v. Xios.) [L. S.] position. In 356 Chnodomarius was involved in