A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

CEBES. CECROPS. 657
CAUNUS. [BIYBIS.] Cebes, but there is little doubt but that this and a
CAU'SIUS (Kaovertos), a surname of Ascle- few similar passages are interpolations by a later
pius, derived from Caus in Arcadia, where he was hand, which cannot surprise us in the case of a
worshipped. (Steph. Byz. s. v. Kaovs; comp. work of such popularity as the 7rivai of Cebes.
Paus. viii. 25. ~ 1.) [L. S.] For, owing to its ethical character, it was formerly
CAY'STRIUS (Kaiio'Tpos), a son of Achilles extremely popular, and the editions and translaand the Amazon Penthesileia, from whom the river tions of it are very numerous. It has been transCaystrus was believed to have derived its name. lated into all the languages of Europe, and even
Caystrius, together with Asius, had a heroum on into Russian, modern Greek, and Arabic. The
the banks of that river. (Strab. xiv. p. 650; Serv. first edition of it was in a Latin translation by L.
ad Aen. xi. 661.) [L. S.] Odaxius, Bologna, 1497. In this edition, as in
CEBALI'NUS (KseaNJvmos), a brother of Nico- nearly all the subsequent ones, it is printed tomachus, who lived on licentious terms with gether with the Enchiridion of Epictetus. TIhe
Dimnus, the author of the plot against the life of first edition of the Greek text with a Latin transAlexander the Great in B. c. 330. Nicomachus lation is that of Aldus (Venice, 4to., without date),
acquainted his brother with the plot, and the latter who printed it together with the " Institutiones
revealed it to Philotas that he might lay it before et alia Opuscula" of C. Lascaris. This was folthe king; but as Philotas neglected to do so for lowed by a great number of other editions, among
two days, Cebalinus mentioned it to Metron, one which we need notice only those of H. Wolf
of- the royal pages, who immediately informed (Basel, 1560, 8vo.), the Leiden edition (1640, 4to.,
Alexander. Cebalinus was forthwith brought be- with an Arabic translation by Elichmann) of Jac.
fore the king, and orders were given to arrest Gronovius (Amsterdam, 1689, 8vo.), J. Schulze
Dimnus. (Curt. vi. 7; Diod. xvii. 79.) [PHI- (Hamburg, 1694, 12mo.), T. Hemsterhuis (AmsLOTAS.] terdam, 1708, 12mo., together with some dialogues
CEBES (Ke'eqs), of Thebes, was a disciple of of Lucian), M. Meibom, and Adr. Reland (Utrecht,
Philolaus, the Pythagorean, and of Socrates, with 1711, 4to.), and Th. Johnson. (London, 1720,
whom he was connected by intimate friendship. 8vo.) The best modern editions are those of
(Xen. AMeem. i. 2. ~ 28, iii. 11. ~ 17; Plat. Crit. SchweighaUiser in his edition of Epictetus, and
p. 45, b.) He is introduced by Plato as one of also separately printed (Strassburg, 1806, 12mo.),
the interlocutors in the Phaedo, and as having and of A. Coraes in his edition of Epictetus.
been present at the death of Socrates. (Phaed. p. (Paris, 1826, 8vo.)
59, c.) He is said on the advice of Socrates to (Fabric. Libl. Graec. 11. p. 702, &c.; Klopfer,
have purchased Phaedo, who had been a slave, and De Cebetis Tabida tres Dissertationes, Zwickau,
to have instructed him in philosophy. (Gell. ii. 1818, &c., 4to.; Miemoires de l'Academic des In18; Macrob. Sat. i. 11; Lactant. iii. 24.) Dio- script. iii. p. 146, &c., xlviii. p. 455, &c.) [L. S.]
genes Labrtius (ii. 125) and Suidas ascribe to him CEBREN (Ke6pjv), a river-god in Troas, the
three works, viz. livaý, 'ESo'u1?, and lpvvixos, all father of Asterope or Hesperie and Oenone. (Apolof which Eudocia (p. 272) erroneously attributes lod. iii. 12. ~ 5, &c.; Ov. Met. xi. 769.) [L. S.]
to Callippus of Athens. The last two of these CEBRI'ONES (Keeprio'vs), a son of Priam,
works are lost, and we do not know what they and charioteer of Hector, slain by Patroclus. (Homn.
treated of, but the Hiivam is still extant, and is re- II. viii. 318, xi. 521, xvi. 736.) [L. S.]
ferred to by several ancient writers. (Lucian, CECEIDES (Koicesilos), of Hlcrmione, a very
Apolog. 42, RIet. Praecept. 6; Pollux, iii. 95; ancient Greek dithyrambic poet, whom AristoTertullian, De Praescript. 39; Aristaenet. i. 2.) phanes (Nub. 981) reckons among those who beThis livaý is a philosophical explanation of a table longed to the good old times, but had become
on which the whole of human life with its dangers obsolete in his own days. The Scholiast on that
and temptations was symbolically represented, and' passage remarks, that Ceceides was also mentioned
which is said to have been dedicated by some one by the comic poet Cratinus in his " Panoptae."
in the temple of Cronos at Athens or Thebes. -(Comp. Suidas, s. v. Krjidlios; Bode, Gesehs. der
The author introduces some youths contemplating Lyr. Dickstk. der Hellen. ii. p. 303, note 1.) [L. S.]
the table, and an old man who steps among them CECROPS (KE/cpCWtf), according to Apollodorus
undertakes to explain its meaning. The whole (iii. 14. ~ 1, &c.) the first king of Attica, which
drift of the little book is to shew, that only the derived from him its name Cecropia, having preproper development of our mind and the possession viously borne thie namne of Acte. 'He is described as
of real virtues can make us truly happy. Suidas an autochthon, and is accordingly called a yyes-YE,
calls this 7rimva a 8nijyrje-Ls rW V "VAi1ov, an ex- the upper part of whose body was human, while
planation which is not applicable to the work now the lower was that of a dragon. Hence he is called.extant, and some have therefore thought, that the vqm's or geminus. (Hygin. Fab. 48; Anton. Lib.
wiva4 to which Suidas refers was a different work 6; Diod. i. 28; Aristoplh. Vesp. 438; Ov. Met.
from the one we possess. This and other circum- ii. 555.) Some ancients referred the epithet sv7jo s
stances have led some critics to doubt whether our to marriage, of which tradition made him the founMrivaý is the work of the Theban Cebes, and to der. He was married to Agraulos, the daughter
ascribe it to a later Cebes of Cyzicus, a Stoic philo- 'of Actaeus, by whom he had a son, Erysichthon,
sopher of the time of Marcus Aurelius. (Athen. and three daughters, Agraulos, Herse, and Paniv. p. 156.) But the 7rivat which is now extant is 4rosos. (Apollod. 1. c.; Paus. i. 2. ~ 5.) In his
manifestly written in a Socratic spirit and on So- reign Poseidon called forth with his trident a well
cratic principles, so that at any rate its author is on the acropolis, which was known in later times
much more likely to have been a Socratic than a by the name of the Erechthean well, from its being
Stoic philosopher. There are, it is true, some few enclosed in the temple of Erechtheus. (Paus. i. 26.
passages (e. g. c. 13) where persons are mentioned ~ 6; lHerod. viii. 55.) The m;arine god now wantbelonging to a later age tlhan that of tIle Thoban ed to take possession of the country; but Athenm,
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