A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

606 CAPRARIUS.
6. T. QUINCTIUS CINCINNATUS CAPITOLINUS,
consular tribune in B. c. 368. [CINCINNATUS.]
7 T. QUINCTIUS T. F. PENNUS CAPITOLINUS
CRISPIN us, was appointed dictator in B. c. 361, to
conduct the war against the Gauls, as Livy thinks,
who is supported by the triumphal fasti, which
ascribe to him a triumph in this year over the
Gauls. In the year following he was magister
equitum to the dictator, Q. Servilius Ahala, who
likewise fought against the Gauls. In B. c. 354 he
was consul with M. Fabius Ambustus, and in that
year the Tiburtines and Tarquinienses were subdued. In B. c. 351, he was appointed consul a sesecond time, and received the conduct of the war
against the Faliscans as his province, but no battle
was fought, as the Romans confined themselves to
ravaging the country. (Liv. vii. 9, 11, 18, 22.)
8. T. QUINCTIUS PENNUS CAPITOLINUS CRISPINUS. In B. c. 214, when M. Claudius Marcellus
went to Rome to sue for his third consulship, he
left Capitolinus in Sicily in command of the Roman
fleet and camp. In B. c. 209, he was elected praetor, and obtained Capua as his province. The year
after, B. c. 208, he was elected consul together with
M. Claudius Marcellus, and both consuls were
commissioned to carry on the war against Hannibal
in Italy. In a battle which was fought in the
neighbourhood of Tarentum, Capitolinus was severely wounded and retreated. He was afterwards
carried to Capua and thence to Rome, where he
died at the close of the year, after having proclaimed T. Manlius Torquatus dictator. (Liv.
xxiv. 39, xxvii. 6, 7,21, 27, 28, 33; Polyb. x. 32.)
9. T. QUINCTIUS T. F. PENNUS CAPITOLINUS
CRISPINUS, consul in B. c. 9. (Fast. Cap.) [L. S.]
CAPITOLI'NUS, P. SE'XTIUS, surnamed
VATICANUS, was consul in B. c. 452 with T.
Menenius Agrippa. In this year the ambassadors
who had been sent to Athens for the purpose of
consulting its laws and institutions, returned to
Rome, and in the year following P. Sextius was
one of the decemvirs appointed to draw up a new
code of laws. Festus (s. v. peculatus) mentions a
lex multaticia which was carried by P. Sextius and
his colleague during their consulship. (Liv. iii. 32,
&c.; Dionys. x. 54.) [L. S.]
CAPITOLI'NUS, SP. TARPE'IUS MONTA'NUS, consul in B. c. 454 with A. Aternius
Varus. A lex de multae sacrameento which was
carried in his consulship, is mentioned by Festus
(s. v. peculatus, comp. Cic. de Re Publ. ii. 35; Liv.
iii. 31; Dionys. x. 48, 50). After the close of
their office both consuls were accused by a tribune
of the people for having sold the booty which they
had made in the war against the Aequians, and
giving the proceeds to the aerarium instead of distributing it among the soldiers. Both were condemned notwithstanding the violent opposition of
the senate. In B. c. 449, when the Roman army
advanced towards Rome to revenge the murder of
Virginia, and had taken possession of the Aventine, Sp. Tarpeius was one of the two ambassadors
whom the senate sent to the revolted army to remonstrate with them. In the year following, he
and A. Aternius, though both were patricians, were
elected tribunes of the plebs by the cooptation
of the college to support the senate in its opposition to the rogation of the tribune L. Trebonius.
(Liv. iii. 50, 55.) [L. S.]
CAPRA'RIUS, a surname of Q. Caecilius Metellus, consul B. c. 113. [METELLUS.]

CAPTA.
CAPRATINA, a surname of Juno at Rome, of
which the origin is related as follows:-When the
Roman state was in a very weak condition, after
the ravages of the Gauls, the neighbouring people
under Postumius Livius advanced from Fidenae
before the gates of Rome, and demanded Roman
women in marriage, threatening to destroy Rome
completely unless their demand was complied with.
While the Roman senate was yet deliberating as
to what was to be done, a slave of the name of
Tutela or Philotis, offered to go with her fellowslaves, in the disguise of free women, to the camp
of the enemy. The stratagem succeeded, and when
the Latins in their camp, intoxicated with wine,
had fallen asleep, the slaves gave a signal to the
Romans from a wild fig-tree (caprificus). The
Romans now broke forth from the city, and defeated the enemy. The senate rewarded the
generosity of the female slaves by restoring them
to freedom, and giving to each a dowry from the
public treasury. The day on which Rome had
thus been delivered, the 7th of July, was called
nonae Caprotinae, and an annual festival was celebrated to Juno Caprotina in all Latium, by free
women as well as by female slaves, with much
mirth and merriment. The solemnity took place
under the ancient caprificus, and the milky juice
flowing from the tree was offered as a sacrifice to
the goddess. (Macrob. Sat. i. 11; Varro, DeLing.
Lat. vi. 18; Plut. Romul. 29, Camil. 33.) [L. S.]
CAPRE'OLUS, succeeded Aurelius in the episcopal see of Carthage in the year 430, at the period
when all Africa was overrun and ravaged by the
Vandals. The state of the country rendering it
impossible to send a regular deputation to the
council of Ephesus, summoned, in 431 for the purpose of discussing the doctrines of Nestorius, Capreolus despatched thither his deacon Besula, with
an epistle, in which he deplores the circumstances
which compelled his absence, and denounces the
tenets of the patriarch of Constantinople. Capreolus
is believed to have died before 439, the year in
which Carthage was stormed by the Vandals.
We possess, 1. Epistola ad Synodumsn Ephesinam,
written, as we have seen above, in 431. It is extant both in Greek and Latin.
2. Epistola de uzna Christi veri Dei et Hominis
Persona contra recens damnatum Haeresimn Nestorii,
a long and learned letter, addressed to two persons
named Vitalis and Constantius, or Tonantius, who
had written from Spain to consult Capreolus concerning the controversy which was then agitating
the church. It is contained in the Varior. Opusc.
of Sirmond, vol. i. Paris, 1675, 8vo.
Both of the above works, together with the epistle of Vitalis and Tonantius to Capreolus, will be
found in the Bibliotheca Patrum of Galland, vol.
ix. p. 490.
3. A fragment in reply to the letter addressed by
Theodosius to Augustin with regard to the council
of Ephesus, is preserved by Ferrandus in his
" Epistola ad Pelagium et Anatolium," and quoted
by Galland.
4. Tillemont believes Capreolus tobe the author of
the Sermo de Tempore Barbarico, on the invasion
of Africa by the Vandals, usually included among
the works of St. Augustin. Galland, Bib. Patrum.
vol. ix. Prolegg. p. 31; Schoenemann, Bibl. Patrum Latinorum, c. v. 32, who enumerates all the
editions. [W. R.]
CAPTA or CAPITA, a surname of the Minerva