A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

CAESAR.

CAESAR. bal

a b
18. C. JULIUS CAESAR, 19. Julia major, 20. Julia minor,
the dictator, married married married M.
1. Cossutia. 1. L. Pinarius. Atius Balbus.
2. Cornelia. 2. Q. Pedius.
3. Pompeia.
4. Calpurnia.
21. Julia, married 22. Caesarion, a son 23. Sex. Julius Caesar,
Cn. Pompeius. by Cleopatra. Flam. Quirin.
24. Sex. Julius Caesar,
died B. c. 46.
1. SEX. JULIUS CAESAR, praetor B. c. 208, tory caused great joy at Rome; and the citizens
obtained the province of Sicily. On his return he laid aside the military cloaks (saga), which they
was one of the ambassadors sent to the consul T. had assumed at the beginning of the war. It was
Quinctius Crispinus, after the death of the other not followed, however, by any important results:
consul, Marcellus, to tell him to name a dictator, on the contrary, Caesar withdrew from Acerrae
if he could not himself come to Rome to hold the almost immediately afterwards, without having
comitia. (Liv. xxvii. 21, 22, 29.) relieved the town. Meantime, the other consul,
2. L. JULIUS CAESAR, grandfather of No. 6, as Rutilius Lupus, had been defeated and slain in
we learn from the Capitoline Fasti. battle by Vettius Cato; and Caesar himself, while
3. L. JULIUS (CAESAR), probably son of No. 2, marching to Acerrae to make another attempt to
praetor B. c. 183, had the province of Gallia Cis- raise the siege of tile town, was defeated with
alpina, and was commanded to prevent the Trans- great loss by Marius Egnatius. (Appian, B. C. i.
alpine Gauls, who had come into Italy, from build- 40-42, 45; Veil. Pat. ii. 15; Liv. Epit. 73;
ing the town of Aquileia, which they had com- Plin. H. N. ii. 29. s. 30; Obsequ. c. 115; Cic. de
menced. (Liv. xxxix. 45.) Div. i. 2, pro Font. 15, pro Plane. 21; Flor. iii.
4. SEX. JULIUS CAESAR, probably son of No. 2, 18. ~ 12; Oros. v. 18.)
tribune of the soldiers, B. c. 181, in the army of These disasters, the fear of a war with Mithrithe proconsul L. Aemilius Paullus. In 170 he dates, and apprehension of a revolt of all the allies,
was sent, as a legate, with C. Sempronius Blaesus induced Caesar to bring forward a law for granting
to restore Abdera to liberty. (Liv. xl. 27, xliii. 4.) the citizenship to the Latins and the allies which
5. L. JULIUS (CAESAR), probably son of No. 3, had remained faithful. (Lex Julia de Civitate.) It
praetor B. c. 166. (Liv. xlv. 44.) appears, however, to have contained a provision,
6. SEX. JULIUS SEX. F. L. N. CAESAR, curule giving each allied state the opportunity of acceptaedile B. c. 165, exhibited, in conjunction with his ing what was offered them; and many preferred
colleague Cn. Cornelius Dolabella, the Hecyra of their original condition as federate states to incurTerence at the Megalesian games. (Titul. Hecyr. ring the obligations and responsibilities of Roman
Ter.) He was consul in 157 with L. Aurelius citizens. (Cic. pro Balb. 8; Vell. Pat. ii. 16;
Orestes. (Plin. H. N. xxxiii. 3. s. 17; Polyb. xxxii. Gell. iv. 4.)
20;,Fast. Capit.) In the following year, B. c. 89, Caesar's com7. SEX. JULIUS CAESAR, probably son of No. 6, mand was prolonged. He gained a considerable
praetor urbanus in B. c. 123. (Cic. pro Dom. 53; victory over the enemy, and afterwards proceeded
ad Her. ii. 13.) to besiege Asculum, before which he died of dis8. L. JULIUS CAESAR, son of No. 6, and father ease, according to the statement of Appian. (B. C.
of No. 9 (Fast. Cap.), married Popillia, who had i. 48.) This, however, is clearly a mistake: he
been previously married to Q. Catulus. probably was obliged to leave the army in conse9. L. JULIus L. F. SEX. N. CAESAR, called quence of serious illness, and was succeeded in the
erroneously by Appian, Sex. Julius Caesar, son of command by C. Baebius. He was censor in the
No. 8, was consul, B. c. 90, with P. Rutilius Lupus, same year with P. Licinius Crassus (Cic. pro Arch.
when the Social war broke out. His legates in 5; Plin. H. N. xiii. 3. s. 5, xiv. 14. s. 16; Festus,
this war were Sulla, Crassus, P. Lentulus, T. Di- s. v. Referri), and was engaged in carrying into
dius, and M. Marcellus. He commenced the cam- effect his own law and that of Silvanus and Carbo,
paign by attacking the Samnites, but was defeated passed in this year, for conferring the citizenship
by their general, Vettius Cato, and fled to Aeser- upon some of the other Italian allies. These citinia, which still remained faithful to the Romans. zens were enrolled in eight or ten new tribes, which
Having, however, received a reinforcement of Gal- were to vote after the thirty-five old ones. (Aplic and Numidian auxiliaries, he was soon able to pian, B. C. i. 49; Vell. Pat. ii. 20.)
face the enemy again, and pitched his camp near On the breaking out of the civil war in B. c. 87,
Acerrae in Campania, which was besieged by the L. Caesar and his brother Caius, who were opposed
enemy. Here a great number of the Numidians to Marius and Cinna, were killed by Fimbria.
deserted, and Caesar, suspecting the fidelity of the (Appian, B. C. i. 72; Flor. iii. 21. ~ 14; Ascon.
remainder, sent them back to Africa. Encouraged in Scaur. p. 24, ed. Orelli; Val. Max. ix. 2. ~ 2; Cic.
by this defection, Papius Motulus, the general of de Orat. iii. 3, Tuscul. v. 19.)
the enemy, proceeded to attack Caesar's camp, but 10. C. JULIUS L. F. SEX. N. CAESAR STRABO
was repulsed with a loss of 6000 men. This vic- VoPIscUs (comp. Cic. Phil. xi. 5; Varro, R. R. i.