A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

BUTES.
without a master of the knights, in order to fill up
the vacancies in the senate occasioned by the battle
of Cannae: he added 177 new members to the
senate, and then laid down his office. (Liv. xxiii.
22, 23; Plut. Fab. Max. 9.) We learn from
Livy, who calls him the oldest of the ex-censors,
that he had filled the latter office; and it is accordingly conjectured that he was the colleague of
C. Aurelius Cotta in the censorship, B. c. 241. In
the Fasti Capitolini the name of Cotta's colleague
has disappeared.
3. FABIus BUTEO, son of the preceding, was
accused of theft, and killed in consequence by his
own father. (Oros. iv. 13.) This event, from the
order in which it is mentioned by Orosius, must
have happened shortly before the second Punic
war.
4. M. FABIUS BUTEO, curule aedile B. c. 203,
and praetor 201, when he obtained Sardinia as his
province. (Liv. xxx. 26, 40.)
5. Q. FABIus BUTEO, praetor B. c. 196, obtained the province of Further Spain. (Liv. xxxiii.
24, 26.)
6. Q. FAmIus BUTEO, praetor B. c. 181, obtained the province of Cisalpine Gaul, and had his
command prolonged the following year. In 179
he was appointed one of the triumvirs for founding
a Latin colony in the territory of the Pisani, and
in 168 one of the quinqueviri to settle the disputes
between the Pisani and Lunenses respecting the
boundaries of their lands. (Liv. xl. 18, 36, 43,
xlv. 13.)
7. N. FABIus BUTEo, praetor B. c. 173, obtained the province of Nearer Spain, but died at
Massilia on his way to the province. (Liv. xli.
33, xlii. 1, 4.)
8. (Q.) FABIUS BUTEO, son of the brother of P.
Cornelius Scipio Africanus, the younger, must have
been the son of Q. Fabius, who was adopted by Q.
Fabius Maximus, the conqueror of Hannibal. Buteo was elected quaestor in B. c. 134, and was
entrusted by his uncle, Scipio, with the command
of the 4000 volunteers who enlisted at Rome to
serve under Scipio in the war against Numantia.
(Val. Max. viii. 15. ~ 4; Appian, fHisp. 84.)
BU'TEO, a rhetorician in the first century of
the Christian era, is frequently mentioned by the
elder Seneca, who tells us, that he was a pupil of
Porcius Latro, and a dry declaimer, but that he
divided all his subjects well. (Controv. 1, 6, 7,
13, &c.)
BUTES (Bov'Tr). 1. A son of Boreas, a Thracian, was hostile towards his step-brother Lycurgus,
and therefore compelled by his father to emigrate.
He accordingly went with a band of colonists to
the island of Strongyle, afterwards called Naxos.
But as he and his companions had no women, they
made predatory excursions, and also came to Thessaly, where they carried off the women who were
just celebrating a festival of Dionysus. Butes
himself took Coronis; but she invoked Dionysus,
who struck Butes with madness, so that he threw
himself into a well. (Diod. v. 50.)
2. A son of Teleon and Zeuxippe. Others call
his father Pandion or Amycus. He is renowned
as an Athenian shepherd, ploughman, warrior, and
an Argonaut. (Apollod. i. 9. ~~ 16, 25, iii. 14.
~ 8, 15. ~ 1.) After the death of Pandion, he
obtained the office of priest of Athena and the
Erechtheian Poseidon. The Attic family of the
Butadae or Eteobutadae derived their origin from

BUTORIDES. 519
him, and in the Erechtheum on the Acropolis there
was an altar dedicated to Butes, and the walls
were decorated with paintings representing scenes
from the history of the family of the Butadae.
(Paus. i. 26. ~ 6; Harpocrat., Etym. M., Hesych.
s. v.; Orph. Arg. 138; Val. Flacc. i. 394; Hygin.
Fab. 14.) The Argonaut Butes is also called a
son of Poseidon (Eustath. ad Homn. xiii. 43); and
it is said, that when the Argonauts passed by the
Sirens, Orpheus commenced a song to counteract
the influence of the Sirens, but that Butes alone
leaped into the sea. Aphrodite, however, saved
him, and carried him to Lilybaeum, where she became by him the mother of Eryx. (Apollod. i. 9.
~ 25; Serv. ad Aen. i. 574, v. 24.) Diodorus (iv.
83), on the other hand, regards this Butes as one
of the native kings of Sicily.
There are at least four more mythical persons of
this name, respecting whom nothing of interest can
be said. (Ov. Met. vii. 500; Diod. v. 59; Virg.
Aen. xi. 690, &c., ix. 646. &c.) [L. S.]
BUTO (BourcZ), an Egyptian divinity, whom
the Greeks identified with their Leto, and who
was worshipped principally in the town of Buto,
which derived its name from her. Festivals were
celebrated there in her honour, and there she had
also an oracle which was in high esteem among the
Egyptians. (Herod. ii. 59, 83, 111, 133, 152, 155;
Aelian, V. H. ii. 41; Strab. xvii. p. 802.) According to Herodotus, she belonged to the eight
great divinities; and in the mythus of Osiris and.Isis she acts the part of a nurse to their children,
Horus and Bubastis. Isis entrusted the two children to her, and she saved them from the persecutions of Typhon by concealing them in the floating
island of Chemnis, in a lake near the sanctuary at
Buto, where afterwards Bubastis and Horus were
worshipped, together with Buto. (Herod. ii. 156;
Plut. de Is. et Os. 18, 38.) Stephanus of Byzantium appears (s. v. A-rovs Ir6o'As) to speak of an
earlier worship of Buto (Leto) at Letopolis near
Memphis; but Letopolis was in later times known
only by its name, and was destroyed long before
the time of Cambyses. (Joseph. Ant. Jud. ii. 15.
~ 1.) As regards the nature and character of Buto,
the ancients, in identifying her with Leto, transferred their notions of the latter to the former,
and Buto was accordingly considered by Greeks as
the goddess of night. (Phurnut. de Nat. Deor. 2;
Plut. ap. Euseb. Praep. Ev. iii. 1.) This opinion
seemed to be confirmed by the peculiar animal
which was sacred to Buto, viz. the shrew-mouse
(guvyaAf) and the hawk. Herodotus (ii. 67) states,
that both these animals were, after their death,
carried to Buto; and, according to Antoninus Liberalis (28), Leto (Buto) changed herself into a
shrew-mouse in order to escape the persecution of
Typhon. About this mouse Plutarch (Sympos. iv.
5) relates, that it was believed to have received
divine honours in Egypt because it was blind, and
because darkness preceded light. This opinion of
the ancients respecting the nature of Buto has been
worked out with some modifications by modern
writers on Egyptian mythology. (Jablonsky, Panth.
Aeg. iii. 4. ~ 7; Champollion, Panth. Egyptien, text
to plate 23.) [L. S.]
BUTO'RIDES, one of the authors who wrote
upon the pyramids of Egypt. From the order in
which he is mentioned by Pliny (H. N. xxxvi. 12.
s. 17), it would appear that he must have lived
after Alexander Polyhistor and before Apion, that