A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

498 BOGUD.
BOE'THUS (Bod0os), surnamed SIDONIUS, was
born at Sidon in Phoenicia. As he is called a disciple of the Peripatetic Andronicus of Rhodes
(Ammon. Herm. Comment. in Aristot. Categ. p. 8,
ed. Ald. 1546), he must have travelled at an early
age to Rome and Athens, in which cities Andronicus is known to have taught. Strabo (xvi. p.
757), who mentions him and his brother Diodotus
among the celebrated persons of Sidon, speaks of
him at the same time as his own teacher in the
Peripatetic philosophy. Among his works, all of
which are now lost, there was one on the nature
of the soul, and also a commentary on Aristotle's
Categories, which is mentioned by Ammonius in
his commentary on the same work of Aristotle.
Ammonius quotes also an opinion of Boethus concerning the study of the works of Aristotle, viz.
that the student should begin with the Physics
(di% r-s ( cpvurCs), whereas Andronicus had maintained, that the beginning should be made d1o
r^s XoyLncjs, 'fris rept r4Tv dro'CILv 7YIverat.
(Fabric. Bibl. Graec iii. p. 480; Schneider, Epimetrum IIf. ad Aristot. Ilist. An2im. p. xcv.;
Buhle, Aristot. Opera, i. p. 297; Stahr, Aristotelia,
ii. p. 129, &c.) [A. S.]
BOE'THUS (Bo-q6s), the author of an epigram
in the Greek Anthology in praise of Pylades, a
pantomime in the time of Augustus, was a native
of Tarsus. Strabo (xiv. p. 674) describes him as
a bad citizen and a bad poet, who gained the
favour of Antony by some verses on the battle of
Philippi, and was set by him over the gymnasium
and public games in Tarsus. In this office he was
guilty of peculation, but escaped punishment by
flattering Antohy. He was afterwards expelled
from Tarsus by Athenodorus, with the approbation
of Augustus. [P. S.]
BOE'THUS (Bo?0o's), a sculptor and embosser
or chaser of Carthage (Paus. v. 17. ~ 1) of uncertain age. Pliny (H. N. xxxiii. 12. s. 55) praises
his excellence in embossing and (xxxiv. 8. s. ]9)
in sculpture. Miiller (Handb. d. Arch. ~ 159. 1)
suspects, and not without good reason, that the reading KapXqia6vto is corrupted out of KaXXASovLos.
The artist would then not be an inhabitant or even
a native of the barbarian Carthage, but of the
Greek town of Chalcedon in Asia Minor. [AcRAGAS.] [W. I.]
BOEUS (Boids), a son of Heracles, and founder
of the Laconian town of Boeae, to which he led
colonists from Etis, Aphrodisias, and Side. (Paus.
iii. 22. ~ 9.) [L. S.]
BOEUS. [BoEo.]
BOGES (Bo'yns), the Persian governor of Eion
in Thrace, when Xerxes invaded Greece in B. c.
480. Boges continued to hold the place till B. c.
476, when it was besieged by the Athenians under
Cimon. Boges, finding that he was unable to defend the town, and refusing to surrender it, killed
his wife, children, and family, and set fire to the
place, in which he himself perished. (Herod. vii. 113,
107; Plut. Cim. 7, who calls him Boeuri; Paus.
viii. 8. ~ 5, who calls him Boe's; Polyaen. vii. 24,
who calls him Bdpy7s; comp. Diod. xi. 60.)
BOGUD (Boyovas) was king of Mauretania
Tingitana, in which title he was confirmed by
Julius Caesar, B. c. 49, as a reward for his adherence to him in opposition to the party of Pompey. (Dion Cass. xli. 42; comp. Cic. ad Fam. x.
32; Sueton. Jul. 52.) Accordingly, while Caesar
was engaged with his rival in Greece, B. c. 48, we

BOLUS.
find Bogud zealously lending his aid to Cassius
Longinus, Caesar's pro-praetor in further Spain, to
quell the sedition in that province. (Hirt. Bell.
Alex. 62.) Again, during Caesar's campaign in
Africa, B. c. 46, Mauretania was invaded unsuccessfully by the young Cn. Pompey; and when Juba,
the Numidian, was hastening to join his forces to
those of Q. Metellus Scipio, Bogud attacked his
dominions at the instigation of the Roman exile
P. Sitius, and obliged him to return for their defence. (Hirt. Bell. Afric. 23, 25, comp. c. 95;
Dion Cass. xliii. 3.) In Caesar's war in Spain
against Pompey's sons, B. c. 45, Bogud joined the
former in person; and it was indeed by his attack
on the camp of Cn. Pompey at the battle of Munda
that Labienus was drawn from his post in the field
to cover it, and the scale was thus turned in Caesar's favour. (Dion Cass. xliii. 38.) After the
murder of Caesar, Bogud espoused the side of
Antony, and it was perhaps for the furtherance of
these interests that he crossed over to Spain in
n. c. 38, and so lost his kingdom through a revolt of
his subjects, fomented in his absence by Bocchus.
This prince's usurpation was confirmed by Octavius, and seems to have been accompanied with the
gift of a freer constitution to the Tingitanians.
(Dion Cass. xlviii. 45.) Upon this, Bogud betook
himself into Greece to Antony, for whom we afterwards find him holding the town of Methone, at
the capture of which by Agrippa he lost his life
about the end of B. c. 32 or the beginning of 31.
(Dion Cass. 1. 11.) [E. E.]
BDIOCALUS, the leader of the Ansibarii, a
German people, was a man of great renown, and
had long been faithful to the Romans, but made
war against them in A. D. 59. (Tac. Ann. xiii.
55, 56.)
BOIORIX, a chieftain of the the Boii, who in
B. c. 194, together with his two brothers, excited
his countrymen to revolt from the Romans, and
fought an indecisive battle with Tib. Sempronius,
the consul, who had advanced into his territory.
The Boii continued to give the Romans trouble for
several successive years, till their reduction by
Scipio in B. C. 191; but of Boiorix himself we find
no further mention in Livy. (Liv. xxxiv. 46, 47,
56, xxxv. 4, 5, 40, xxxvi. 38, 39.) [E. E.]
BOLA'NUS, a friend of Cicero's, recommended
by him to P. Sulpicius in B. c. 54. (Cic. ad Fam.
xiii. 77.)
Bolanus also occurs in Horace (Sat. i. 9. 11) as
the name of a well-known furious fellow, who
would not submit to any insult or impertinence.
BOLA'NUS, VE'TTIUS, commanded a legion
under Corbulo in the war against Tigranes in Armenia, A. D. 63, and was appointed governor of
Britain in 69, in the place of Trebellius Maximus.
In the civil war between Vespasian and Vitellius,
Bolanus did not declare in favour of either; and,
during his government of the province, he attempted nothing against the Britons, and allowed his
troops great licence. But, as his administration
was marked by integrity, he was popular in the
province. The praises which Statius bestows upon
Bolanus in the poem (Silv. v. 2. 34, &c.), addressed
to his son Crispinus, must be set down to flattery.
(Tac. Ann. xv. 3, Hist. ii. 65, 97, Agric. 3, 16.)
BO'LGIUS. [BELGIUS.]
BOLIS. [AcHAEUS, p. 8, a.]
BOLUS (BI\os). Under this name Suidas, and
Eudocia after him, mention a Pythagorean philo