A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

474 BATHYLLUS.
danus, and mother of Ilus and Erichthonins. The
town of Bateia in Troas was believed to have derived its name from her. (Arrian, ap. Eustath. ad
Hom. p. 351.) Tzetzes (ad Lycoph. 29) calls her
a sister of Scamander, the father of Teucer by the
nymph Idaea; and in another passage (ad Lycoph.
1298) he calls the daughter of Teucer, who married Dardanus, by the name of Arisbe, and describes Erichthonius as her son, and Ilus as her
grandson. A Naiad of the name of Bateia occurs
in Apollodorus. (iii. 10. ~ 4.) [L. S.]
BATHANA'TIUS (BaOavdrios), the leader of
the Cordistae, a Gaulish tribe, who invaded Greece
with Brennus in B. c. 279. After the defeat of
Brennus, Bathanatius led his people to the banks of
the Danube, where they settled down. The way by
which they returned received from their leader the
name of Bathanatia; and his descendants were
called Bathanati. (Athen. vi. p. 234, b.)
BATHYCLES (Ba0vKius), a celebrated artist
of Magnesia on the Maeander (Heyne,Antiq. Aufs.
i. p. 108), the head of a band of artists of the same
town, who constructed for the Lacedaemonians
the colossal throne of the Amyclaean Apollo, covered with a great number of bas-reliefs, and supported and surmounted by statues. This throne,
the most considerable work of art of the period,
was destined for a statue of Apollo, which was of
a much earlier date, and consisted of a brazen pillar, thirty cubits high, to which a head, arms, and
the extremities of the feet were affixed. Accordingly this statue was standing on the throne, and
not sitting like that of Zeus at Olympia, however
strange the combination of a chair and a man
standing on it must have looked. Pausanias (iii.
18. ~ 6) gives a minute description of the throne,
or rather of the sculptures upon it, according to
which Quatremere de Quincy undertook to restore
it, and gave a picture of it in his "Jupiter Olympien," on the accuracy of which we cannot of course
rely at all, considering the indistinctness with
which Pausanias speaks of the shape of the throne.
It is not even certain whether the throne was constructed of wood, and covered with golden and
ivory plates to receive the bas-reliefs, or wrought
in any other material. (K. 0. Miller, Handb. d.
Archiiol. ~ 85.) The same doubts exist as to its
height, which Quatremere fixes at thirty cubits,
Welcker at fifty. (Welcker, Zeitschrift fir Gesch.
d. alt. Kunst, i. p. 279, &c.) Of the age of Bathydes we have no definite statements of the ancient
"writers. However, all modern scholars (Winckelmann, Bhttiger, Voss, Quatremere, Welcker, Sillig) except Thiersch agree, that he must have flourished about the time of Solon, or a little later.
Thiersch was evidently wrong (Epochen, p. 34,
Anm. p. 53) when he placed Bathycles as early as
01. 29, relying mostly on a passage of Pausanias
(iii. 18. ~ 6), which however is far from being decisive. (Voss, Myth. Briefe, ii. p. 188; Sillig,
Catal. Artlf. s. v,) [W. I.]
BATHYLLUS. 1. Of Alexandria, the freedman and favourite of Maecenas, together with
Pylades of Cilicia and Hylas the pupil of the latter,
brought to perfection during the reign of Augustus
the imitative dance or ballet called Pantomimus,
which excited boundless enthusiasm among all
classes at Rome, and formed one of the most admired public amusements until the downfall of the
empire. Bathyllus excelled in comic, while
Pylades was preeminent in tragic personifications;

BATON.
each had a numerous train of disciples, each was
the founder of a school which transmitted his fame
to succeeding generations, and each was considered
the head of a party among the citizens, resembling
in its character the factions of the Circus, and the
rivalry thus introduced stirred up angry passions
and violent contests, which sometimes ended in
open riot and bloodshed. The nature and peculiarities of these exhibitions are explained in the
Diet. of Ant. s. v. Pantomimus. (Tac. Ann. i. 54;
Senec. Quaest. Natur. vii. 32, Controv. v. praef.;
Juv. vi. 63; Suet. Octav. 45; Dion Cass. liv.
17; Plut. Symp. vii. 8; Macrob. ii. 7; Athen. i.
p. 70; Zosimus, i. 6; Suid. s. vv. "OpX%'Ls and
"A6OdP61wpog.)
2. Is named in the life of Virgil, ascribed to
Tib. Cl. Donatus, as " poeta quidam mediocris,"
the hero of the Sic vos non vobis story. (Vit. Virg.
xvii. ~ 70.) [W. R.]
BATHYLLUS (BdevaO os), a Pythagorean
philosopher, to whom, together with Brontinus and
Leon of Metapontum, Alcmaeon of Crotona [ALcMAEON] addressed his treatise on Natural Philosophy. (Diog. Laert. viii. 83.) [A. G.]
BATIS (Baris), the sister of Epicurus, who
married Idomeneus. (Diog. La'rt. x. 23.)
BATON (Barsoo), the charioteer of Amphiaraus.
Both belonged to the house of Melampus, and both
were swallowed up by the earth after the battle of
Thebes. Baton was afterwards worshipped as a
hero, and had a sanctuary at Argos. He was represented on the chest of Cypselus, and at Delphi
his statue stood by the side of that of Amphiaraus,
both having been dedicated there by the Argives.
(Apollod. iii. 6. ~ 8; Paus. ii. 23. ~ 2, v. 17. ~ 4,
x. 10. ~ 2.) Stephanus of Byzantium (s.v."Apmrvia)
states that, after the disappearance of Amphiaraus,
Baton emigrated to the town of Harpyia in Illyria;
but Stephanus seems to confound here the mythical
Baton with the historical person mentioned in the
following article. [L. S.]
BATON or BATO. 1. The son of Longarus,
a Dalmatian chief, who joined the Romans in their
war with Philip of Macedon, B. c. 200. (Liv.
xxxi. 28.)
2. The name of two leaders of one of the most formidable insurrections in the reign of Augustus. The
one belonged to the Dysidiatian tribe of the Dalmatians, and the other to the Breucians, a Pannonian
people. The insurrection broke out in Dalmatia, in
A. D. 6, when Tiberius was engaged in his second
German expedition, in which he was accompanied
by Valerius Messallinus, the governor of Dalmatia
and Pannonia, with a great part of the army stationed in those countries. The example of the
Dalmatians was soon followed by the Breucians,
who, under the command of their countryman Bato,
marched against Sirmium, but were defeated by
Caecina Severus, the governor of Moesia, who had
advanced against them. Meantime the Dalmatian
Bato had marched against Salonae, but was unable
to accomplish anything in person in consequence
of having received a severe wound from a stone in
battle: he despatched others, however, in command
of the troops, who laid waste all the sea-coast as
far as Apollonia, and defeated the Romans in
battle.
The news of this formidable outbreak recalled
Tiberius from Germany, and he sent Messallinus
ahead with part of the troops. The Dalmatian
Bato had not yet recovered from his womund, but he