A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

418 AVENTINENSIS.

AUFIDIUS.

fold character of nature, the male and female, concentrated in one.
2. A son of Manes, king of the Maeonians, from
whose son Lydus, his son and successor, the Maeonians were afterwards called Lydians. (Herod. i. 7,
vii. 74.) Herodotus (i. 94; comp. Dionys. Hal.
A. R. i. 26, 28; Tacit. Annal. iv. 55) mentions
Tyrrhenus as another son of Atys; and in another
passage (iv. 45), he speaks of Cotys as the son of
Manes, instead of Atys.
3. A Latin chief, the son of Alba, and father of
Capys, from whom the Latin gens Atia derived its
origin, and from whom Augustus was believed to
be descended on his mother's side. (Virg. Aen. v..568; Liv. i. 3; Suet. Aug. 4.)
4. A son of Croesus. [ADRASTUS.] [L. S.]
AU'DATA (Am5cira), an Illyrian, the first wife
of Philip of Macedon, by whom he had a daughter,
Cynna. (Athen. xiii. p. 557, c.)
AUDE'NTIUS, a Spanish bishop, of whom
Gennadius (de Viris Illustribus, c. 14) records, that
he wrote against the Manichaeans, the Sabellians,
the Arians, and, with especial energy, against the
Photinians. The work was entitled de Fide adversus Ilaereticos. Its object was to shew that the
second person in the Trinity is co-eternal with the
Father. Audentius is styled by Trithemius (de
Script. Eccl. ci.) " vir in divinis scripturis exercitatum habens ingenium." Cave supposes him to
have flourished about A. D. 260. [J. M. M.]
AUDO'LEON (Aj3oAewv or AvwAkwv), a kIing
of Paeonia, was the son of Agis. He was a contemporary of Alexander the Great, and was the
father of Ariston, who distinguished himself at the
battle of Guagamela, and of a daughter who married
Pyrrhus, king of Epeirus. In a war with the
Autoriatae he was reduced to great straits, but was
succoured by Cassander. (Diod. xx. 19.) [C.P. M.]
COIN OF AUDOLEON.
AVENTINEN SIS, the name of a plebeian family of the Genucia gens. The name was derived
from the hill Aventinus, which was the quarter of
Rome peculiar to the plebeians. The family was
descended from the tribune Cn. Genucius, who was
murdered in B. c. 473.
1. L. GENUCIUS M. F. CN. N. AVENTINENSIs,
consul B. c. 365, and again in 362, was killed in
battle against the Hernicans in the latter of these
years, and his army routed. His defeat and death
caused the patricians great joy, as he was the
first consul who had marched against the enemy
with plebeian auspices. (Liv. vii. 1, 4, 6; Diod.
xv. 90, xvi. 4; Eutrop. ii. 4; Oros. iii. 4; Lyd.
de Macg. i. 46.)
2. CN. GENUCIUS M. F. M. N. AVENTINENSIs,
consul B. c. 363, in which year the senate was
chiefly occupied in endeavouring to appease the
anger of the gods. (Liv. vii. 3; Diod. xvi. 2.)
3. L. GENUCIUS (AVENTINENSIS), tribune of the
plebs, B. c. 342, probably belonged to this family.
He brought forward a law for the abolition of
usury, and was probably the author of many of the

other reforms in the same year mentioned by Livy.
(vii. 42.)
4. L. GENUCIUS (L. F. M. N.) AVENTINENSIS,
consul B. c. 303. (Liv. x. 1; Diod. xx. 102.)
AVENTI'NUS, a son of Hercules and the
priestess Rhea. (Virg. Aen. vii. 656.) Servius on
this passage speaks of an Aventinus, a king of the
Aborigines, who was killed and buried on the hill
afterwards called the Aventine. [L. S.]
AVENTI'NUS, one of the mythical kings of
Alba, who was buried on the hill which was afterwards called by his name. He is said to have
reigned thirty-seven years, and to have been succeeded by Procas, the father of Amulius. (Liv. i.
3; Dionys. i. 71; Ov. Fast. iv. 51.)
AVERNUS, properly speaking, the name of a
lake in Campania, which the Latin poets describe
as the entrance to the lower world, or as the lower
world itself. Here we have only to mention, that
Avernus was also regarded as a divine being; for
Servius (ad Virgy. Georg. ii. 161) speaks of a statue
of Avernus, which perspired during the storm after
the union of the Avernian and Lucrinian lakes, and
to which expiatory sacrifices were offered. [L. S.]
AVERRUNCUS. [APOTROPAEI.]
AUFI'DIA GENS, plebeian, was not known
till the later times of the republic. The first member of it, who obtained the consulship, was Cn.
Aufidius Orestes, in B. c. 71. Its cognomens are
LURco and ORESTES: for those who occur without a family-name, see AUFIDIUS.
AUFIDIENUS RUFUS. [RuFus.]8
CN. AUFIDIUS, tribune of the plebs, B. c.
170, accused C. Lucretius Gallus on account of his
oppression of the Chalcidians. (Liv. xliii. 10.)
CN. AUFI'DIUS, a learned historian and perhaps a jurist, is celebrated in some of the extant
works of Cicero for the equanimity with which he
bore blindness; and we find from St. Jerome (in
Epitaph. Nepotiani, Opp. vol. iv. P. ii. p. 268, ed.
Benedict.), that his patience was also recounted in
the lost treatise de Consolatione. His corporeal
blindness did not quench his intellectual vision.
Bereaved of sight and advanced in age, he still attended his duties, and spoke in the senate, and
found means to write a Grecian history. Cicero
states (Tusc. Disp. v. 38), that he also gave advice
to his friends (nec amicis deliberantibus deerat);
and, on account of this expression, he has been
ranked by some legal biographers among the Roman
jurists. In his old age, he adopted Cn. Aurelius
Orestes, who consequently took the name of Aufidius in place of Aurelius. This precedent has been
quoted (Cic. pro Dom. 13) to shew that the power
of adopting does not legally depend on the power
of begetting children. Aufidius was quaestor B. c.
119, tribunus plebis, B. c. 114, and finally praetor
B. c. 108, about two years before the birth of Cicero,
who, as a boy, was acquainted with the old blind
scholar. (DeFin. v. 19.) [J. T. G.]
SEX. AUFIDIUS, was warmly recommended
by Cicero to Cornificius, proconsul of Africa, in B. c.
43. (Ad Fame. xii. 26, 27.)
T. AUFI'DIUS, a jurist, the brother of M.
Virgilius, who accused Sulla E., c. 86. It was probably the jurist who was quaestor B. c. 84, and
who was afterwards praetor of Asia. (Cic. pro Flac.
19.) He may also have been the Aufidius once
talked of as one of Cicero's competitors for the consulship, B. c. 63. (Cic. ad All. i. 1.) In pleading
private causes, he imitated the manner of T. Ju