A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

ATHENION.
tenet of the resurrection. Both of these are written with considerable ability and elegance, and in
a pure Attic style. In the first, he vigorously
combats the charges of atheism, profligacy, and
cannibalism, which were preferred against the
early Christians. In the second, he shews with
no little ingenuity, that the presumptive arguments
against the Christian doctrine of the resurrection
are inconclusive.
The best edition of the works of Athenagoras
is that of the Benedictines, superintended by Maranus, and published, together with the writings
of Justin Martyr, Theophilus of Antioch, and
Hermias, in one volume, folio, Paris, 1742. The
other editions of Athenagoras are these: H. Stephani, 1557, reprinted at Zurich in 1559, and at
Cologne in 1686; Bishop FelPs, Oxford, 1682;
Rechenberg's, Leipzig, 1684-85; Dechair's, Oxford, 1706. His works are also given in the edition
of Justin Martyr, published at Paris in 1615, and
in the collections of de la Bigne, Gallandi, and
Oberthiir. J. G. Lindner's notes to his edition of
the Apology for the Christians (Longosal. 1774-75)
deserve particular recommendation. The writings
of Athenagoras, with fragments from other ancient
authors, were translated into English by David
Humphreys, London, 1714. There is an old
translation of the treatise on the Resurrection by
Richard Porder, London, 1573. See T. A. Clarisse,
Commentatio de A thenagorae Vita et Scriptis, Lugd.
Batav. 1819; Polycarp Leyser, Dissertatio de Athienagora, Lips. 1736. [J. M. M.]
ATHENA'GORAS ('AOrvma^o'pas), a physician, the author of an unedited treatise on the
Pulse and on Urine, of which there is a Latin
MS. of the eleventh century in the Royal Library at Paris. Some bronze coins struck at
Smyrna in honour of a person named Athenagoras were thought by Dr. Mead (in his Dissert.
de ArNummis quibusdam a Smnyrnaeis in Mlledicorumc
Honorem percussis, Lond. 1724, 4to.) to refer to
the physician of this name; but this is now
generally considered to be a mistake. (See Diet.
of Ant. s. v. Medicus.) A work on Agriculture
by a person of the same name is mentioned by
Varro (De Re Rust. i. 1. ~ 9) and Columella (De
Re Rust. i. 1. ~ 10). [W. A. G.]
ATHENA'IS ('A0p'ves). 1. A Sibyl in the
time of Alexander the Great, born at Erythrae.
(Strab. xiv. p. 645.)
2. Surnamed Philostorgus (4Ntoo'rop-yos), the
wife of Ariobarzanes II., king of Cappadocia, and
the mother of Ariobarzanes III. (Cic. ad Fam.
xv. 4; Eckhel, iii. p. 200.) It appears from an
inscription (Eckhel, iii. p. 199), that the wife of
Ariobarzanes I. was also called Athenais.
3. The daughter of Leontius. [EunDocA.]
ATHE'NION ('Ae0,YLwv). 1. A Cilician, who in
the second servile war in Sicily, by the aid of his
wealth and pretended astrological knowledge, procured himself to be chosen leader of the insurgents
in the western part of the island. After a fruitless
attack upon Lilybaeum, he joined Salvius, the king
of the rebels, who, under the influence of a suspicious jealousy, threw him into prison, but afterwards released him. Athenion fought with great
bravery in a battle with L. Licinius Lucullus, and
was severely wounded. On the death of Salvius,
he succeeded to his title of king. He maintained
his ground for some time successfully, but in B. c.
101 the Romans sent against him the consul M'.

ATHENODORUS. 403
Aquillius, who succeeded in subduing the insurgents, and slew Athenion with his own hand.
(Diod. Fragm. xxxvi.; Florus, iii. 19; Cic. in
Verr. iii. 26, 54.)
The nickname Athenio was given to Sex. Clodius. (Cic. ad Att. ii. 12.)
2. A comic poet, from one of whose plays (the
ai,uodpa"ces) Athenaeus (xiv. p. 660) has a long
extract.
3. A tragic poet, the instructor of Leonteus the
Argive. (Athen. viii. p. 343.)
4. [ARISTION.]
5. A mythographer referred to in the Scholia
on Apollonius (i. 917) and Homer (11. xv. 718).
(Comp. Lobeck, Aglaoph. ii. p. 1220.) [C. P. M.]
ATHE'NION ('AO-vico), a Greek physician,
who is mentioned by Soranus (De Arle Obstetr.
p. 210) as being a follower of Erasistratus, and
who must therefore have lived some time between
the third century before and the first century after
Christ. He may very possibly be the same physician, one of whose medical formulae is preserved
by Celsus. (De Medic. v. 25. p. 95.) [W.A.G.]
ATHE'NION. 1. A painter, born at Maroneia
in Thrace. He was a pupil of Glaucion of Corinth,
and a contemporary probably of Nicias, whom he
resembled and excelled, though his style was
harsher. He gave promise of the highest excellence in his art, but died young. (Plin. IH. N.
xxxv. 11. s. 40. ~ 29.)
2. The engraver of a celebrated cameo, in the
Royal Museum at Naples, representing Zeus contending with the giants. (Bracci, Mem. degli
Ant. Inic. i. 30; Miiller, Arch. d. Kunst. p. 498,
Anm. 2.) [C. P. M.]
ATHENIPPUS ('AOsvutrwos), a Greek physician (judging from his name), who must have lived
some time in or before the first century after
Christ, as one of his medical prescriptions is quoted
by Scribonius Largus. (De Compos. Medicacm. c.
3. ~ 26, p. 198.) He may perhaps be the same
person mentioned by Galen. (De Compos. Medicam.
see. Locos, iv. 8. vol. xii. p. 789.) [W. A. GJ]
ATHENOCLES ('AOrvoicAos). 1. The leader
of an Athenian colony, who settled at Amisus in
Pontus, and called the place Peiraeeus. The date
of this event is uncertain. (Strab. xii. p. 547.)
2. Of Cyzicus, a commentator upon Homer,
who, according to the judgment of Athenaeus (v.
p. 177, e.), understood the Homeric poems better
than Aristarchus. Whether the commentator upon
Homer is the same Athenocles who wrote upon
the early history of the Assyrians and Medes
(Agathias, ii. 24), is uncertain.
ATHENOCLES ( 'A6Opvo'jcXs), a celebrated
embosser or chaser, mentioned by Athenaeus. (xi.
pp. 781, e., 782, b.) [C. P. M.]
ATHENODO'RUS ('AO, vo'opos). 1. Of AENos, a rhetorician, who lived in the time of Pollux.
He had been a disciple of Aristocles and Chrestus.
(Philost. Vit. Sophist. ii. 14; Eudocia, p. 51.)
2. The father and brother of the poet ARATUS.
The latter defended Homer against the attacks of
Zoilus. (Suidas, s. v. "Aparos.)
3. A Stoic philosopher, surnamed CANANITES
(KavavirI-s) from Cana in Cilicia, the birthplace of
his father, whose name was Sandon. Athenodorus
was himself a native of Tarsus. It is the same person probably whom Cicero (ad Att. xvi. 11) calls
Athenodorus Calvus. In Rhodes he became acquainted with Posidonius, by whom probably he was
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