A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

ARSINOE.
iron might appear to float in the air; but the
death of the architect and the king prevented its
completion. (Plin. H. N. xxxiv. 42.) Coins
were struck in her honour, one of which is figured
"below, representing her crowned with a diadem
and her head partially veiled: the reverse contains

ARTABANUS. 367
her murder; they broke into the house of Philammon, and killed him together with his son and
wife. (Polyb. v, 83, 84, 87, xv. 25, 32, 33.)

a double cornucopia, which illustrates the statement of Athenaeus (xi. p. 497, b. c.), that Ptolemy
Philadelphus was the first who had made the
drinking-horn, calld pvr"dv, as an ornament for the
statues of Arsinoe, which bore in the left hand
such a horn, filled with all the fruits of the earth.
It should, however, be remarked that the word
occurs as early as the time of Demosthenes.
(Diet. of Ant. s. v. pvrTo.)
3. The daughter of Lysimachus and Nicaea,
was married to Ptolemy II. Philadelphus soon
after his accession, B. c. 285. When Arsinob, the
sister of Ptolemy Philadelphus [see No. 2], fled
to Egypt in B. c. 279, and Ptolemy became captivated by her, Arsinoe, the daughter of Lysimachus, in conjunction with Amyntas and Chrysippus, a physician of Rhodes, plotted against her;
but her plots were discovered, and she was banished to Coptos, or some city of the Thebais. She
had by Ptolemy three children, Ptolemy Evergetes,
afterwards king, Lysimachus, and Berenice. (Schol.
ad Tlieocr. Id. xvii. 128; Paus. i. 7. ~ 3; Polyb.
xv. 25.)
4. The wi-fe of Magas, king of Cyrene. In order
to put an end to his disputes with his brother
Ptolemy II. Philadelphus, Magas had betrothed his
only daughter, Berenice, to the son of Ptolemy,
but died before the marriage took place. As Arsinoe" disapproved of this connexion, she invited Demetrius the Fair, the son of Demetrius Poliorcetes,
to Cyrene, in order to become the king of the place
and the husband of Berenice. But his beauty
captivated Arsinoe; and her daughter indignant
at the treatment she had received, excited a conspiracy against him, and caused him to be killed in
the arms of her mother. Berenice then married
the son of Ptolemy. (Justin, xxvi. 3.) It is not
stated of what family this Arsinoe was. Niebuhr
(Kleine Scriften, p. 230) conjectures that she was
the same as the daughter of Lysimachus [No. 3],
who after her banishment to Coptos went to
Cyrene, and married Magas.
5. Called Eurydice by Justin (xxx. 1), and
Cleopatra by Livy (xxvii. 4), but Arsinoe by Polybius, was the daughter of Ptolemy III. Evergetes, the wife of her brother Ptolemy IV. Philopator, and the mother of Ptolemy V. Epiphanes.
She was present with her husband at the battle of
Raphia (B. c. 217), in which Antiochus, the
Great, was defeated; but her profligate husband
was induced towards the end of his reign, by the
intrigues of Sosibius, to order Philammon to put
her to death. But after the death of Ptolemy
Philopator, the female friends of Arsinoe revenged

6. Daughter of Ptolemy XI. Auletes, escaped
from Caesar, when he was besieging Alexandria
in B. c. 47, and was recognized as queen by the
Alexandrians, since her brother Ptolemy X1I.
Dionysus was in Caesar's power. After the capture of Alexandria she was carried to Rome by
Caesar, and led in triumph by him in B. c. 46, on
which occasion she excited the compassion of the
Roman people. She was soon afterwards dismissed
by Caesar, and returned to Alexandria; but her
sister Cleopatra persuaded Antony to have her put
to death in B. c. 41, though she had fled for refuge to the temple of Artemis Leucophryne in
Miletus. (Dion Cass. xlii. 39, &c., xliii. 19;
Caes. B. C. iii. 112, B. Alex. 4, 33; Appian,
B. C. v. 9, comp. Dion Cass. xlviii. 24.)
ARSI'TES ('ApoiTons), the satrap of the Hellespontine Phrygia when Alexander the Great invaded
Asia. After the defeat of the Persians at the
Granicus, Arsites retreated to Phrygia, where he
put an end to his own life, because he had advised
the satraps to fight with Alexander, instead of
retiring before him and laying waste the country,
as Memnon had recommended. (Arrian, Anab. i.
13, 17; Paus. i. 29. ~ 7.)
ARTABA'NUS ('Aprd'Gavos), sometimes written Artapanims or Artapanes. 1. A son of Hystaspes and brother of Dareius Hystaspis, is described
by Herodotus (iv. 83) as dissuading his brother
from the expedition against the Scythians. In the
reign of Xerxes, the successor of Dareius, Artabanus appears occasionally again in the character
of a wise and frank counsellor, and Herodotus introduces him several times as speaking. (Herod.
vii. 10, 46-53.)
2. An HIyrcanian, who was commander of the
body-guard of king Xerxes. In B. c. 465, Artabanus, in conjunction with a eunuch, whom some
call Spamitres and others Mithridates, assassinated
Xerxes, with the view of setting himself upon the
throne of Persia. Xerxes had three sons, Dareius,
Artaxerxes, and Hystaspes, who was absent from
the court as satrap of Bactria. Now as it was
necessary for Artabanus to get rid of these sons
also, he persuaded Artaxerxes that his brother
Dareius was the murderer of his father, and stimulated him to avenge the deed by assassinating
Dareius. This was done at the earliest opportunity.
Artabanus now communicated his plan of usurping
the throne to his sons, and his intention to murder
Artaxerxes also. When the moment for carrying
this plan into effect had come, he insidiously struck
Artaxerxes with his sword; but the blow only
injured the prince slightly, and in the struggle
which ensued Artaxerxes killed Artabanus, and
thus secured the succession to himself. (Diod. xi.
69.) Justin (iii. 1), who knows only of the two