A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

22 AEACIDES.

AEACUS.

ridicule. The visit of M. Antoninus to Athens
made him acquainted with Adrianus, whom he
invited to Rome and honoured with his friendship:
the emperor even condescended to set the thesis of
a declamation for him. After the death of Antoninus he became the private secretary of Commodus.
His death took place at Rome in the eightieth year
of his age, not later than A. D. 192, if it be true
that Commodus (who was assassinated at the end
of this year) sent him a letter on his death-bed,
which he is represented as kissing with devout
earnestness in his last moments. (Philostr. Vit.
Adrian.; Suidas, s. v. 'Apitavo's.) Of the works
attributed to him by Suidas three declamations
only are extant. These have been edited by Leo
Allatius in the Excerpta Varia Graecorum Soplhistariom ac Rhctoricorum, Romae, 1641, and by
Walz in the first volume of the Rhetores Graeci,
1832. [B. J.]
ADRIA'NUS ('Aptavos), a Greek poet, who
wrote an epic poem on the history of Alexander
the Great, which was called 'AAehavapitds. Of this
poem the seventh book is mentioned (Steph. Byz.
s. V. 2deita), but we possess only a fragment consisting of one line. (Steph. Byz. s. v. 'Arrpala.)
Suidas (s. v. 'A"iav4s) mentions among other
poems of Arrianus one called 'AXAeavSplds, and
there can be no doubt that this is the work of
Adrianus, which he by mistake attributes to his
Arrianus. (Meineke, in the A bhandl. der Berlin.
Akademie, 1832, p. 124.) [L. S.]
ADRIA/NUS ('AMptavos) flourished, according
to Archbishop Usher, A. D. 433. There is extant
of his, in Greek, Isagoge Sacrarzum Literarum, recommended by Photius (No. 2) to beginners, edited
by Day. Hoeschel, 4to. Aug. Vindel. 1602, and
among the Critici Sacri. fol. Lond. 1660. [A.J. C.]
ADU'SIUS ('Aotodunos), according to the account
of Xenophon in the Cyropaedeia, was sent by
Cyrus with an army into Caria, to put an end to
the feuds which existed in the country. He afterwards assisted Hystaspes in subduing Phrygia,
and was made satrap of Caria, as the inhabitants
had requested. (vii. 4. ~ 1, &c., viii. 6. ~ 7.)
AEA. [GAEA.]
AEA, a huntress who was metamorphosed by
the gods into the fabulous island bearing the same
name, in order to rescue her from the pursuit
of Phasis, the river-god. (Val. Flacc. i. 742, v.
426.) [L. S.]
AE'ACES (AldI Ks). 1. The father of Syloson
and Polycrates. (Herod. iii. 39, 139, vi. 13.)
2. The son of Syloson, and the grandson of the
preceding, was tyrant of Samos, but was deprived
of his tyranny by Aristagoras, when the lonians
revolted from the Persians, B. c. 500. He then
fled to the Persians, and induced the Samians to
abandon the other lonians in the sea-fight between
the Persians and lonians. After this battle, in
which the latter were defeated, he was restored to
the tyranny of Samos by the Persians, B. c. 494.
(Herod. iv. 138, vi. 13, 14, 25.)
AEA'CIDES (AlaKisis), a patronymic from
Acacus, and given to various of his descendants,
as Peleus (Ov. Met. xi. 227, &c., xii. 365; Hom.
II. xvi. 15), Telamon (Ov. Met. viii. 4; Apollon.
i. 1330), Phocus (Ov. Met. vii. 668, 798), the
sons of Aeacus; Achilles, the grandson of Aeacus
(Hom. II. xi. 805; Virg. Aen. i. 99); and
Pyrrhus, the great-grandson of Aeacus. (Virg.
Aen. iii. 296.) [L. S.]

AEA CIDES (Ailatc1ss), the son of Arymbas,
king of Epirus, succeeded to the throne on the
death of his cousin Alexander, who was slain in
Italy. (Liv. viii. 24.) Aeacides married Phthia,
the daughter of Menon of Pharsalus, by whom he
had the celebrated Pyrrhus and two daughters,
Deidameia and Tro'as. In B. c. 317 he assisted
Polysperchon in restoring Olympias and the young
Alexander, who was then only five years old, to
Macedonia. In the following year he marched to
the assistance of Olympias, who was hard pressed
by Cassander; but the Epirots disliked the service,
rose against Aeacides, and drove him from the
kingdom. Pyrrhus, who was then only two
years old, was with difficulty saved from destruction by some faithful servants. But becoming tired
of the Macedonian rule, the Epirots recalled Aeacides in B. c. 313; Cassander immediately sent an
army against him under Philip, who conquered
him the same year in two battles, in the last of
which he was killed. (Paus. i. 11; Diod. xix. 11,
36, 74; Plut. Pyrrh. i. 2.)
AE'ACUS (A''aicos), a son of Zeus and Aegina,
a daughter of the river-god Asopus. He was born
in the island of Oenone or Oenopia, whither
Aegina had been carried by Zeus to secure her
from the anger of her parents, and whence this
island was afterwards called Aegina. (Apollod.
iii. 12. ~ 6; Hygin. Fab. 52; Pans. ii. 29. ~
2; comp. Nonn. Dionys. vi. 212; Ov. Met. vi.
113, vii. 472, &c.) According to some accounts Aeacus was a son of Zeus and Europa.
Some traditions related that at the time when
Aeacus was born, Aegina was not yet inhabited,
and that Zeus changed the ants (/tu'pjices)
of the island into men (Myrmidones) over whom
Aeacus ruled, or that he made men grow up out
of the earth. (Hes. Frgnm. 67, ed.Ghttling; Apollod. iii. 12. ~ 6; Paus. 1. c.) Ovid (Met. vii. 520;
comp. Hygin. Fab. 52; Strab. viii. p. 375), on the
other hand, supposes that the island was not uninhabited at the time of the birth of Aeacus, and states
that, in the reign of Aeacus, Hera, jealous of
Aegina, ravaged the island bearing the name of the
latter by sending a plague or a fearful dragon into
it, by which nearly all its inhabitants were carried
off, and that Zeus restored the population by
changing the ants into men. These legends, as
Miuller justly remarks (4Aeginetice), are nothing
but a mythical account of the colonisation of
Aegina, which seems to have been originally inhabited by Pelasgians, and afterwards received
colonists from Phthiotis, the seat of the Myrmidones, and from Phlius on the Asopus. Aeacus
while he reigned in Aegina was renowned in all
Greece for his justice and piety, and was frequently called upon to settle disputes not only
among men, but even among the gods themselves.
(Pind. Isth. viii. 48, &c.; Paus. i. 39. ~ 5.) He
was such a favourite with the latter, that, when
Greece was visited by a drought in consequence of
a murder which had been committed (Diod. iv.
60, 61; Apollod. iii. 12. ~ 6), the oracle of Delphi
declared that the calamity would not cease unless
Aeacus prayed to the gods that it might; which
he accordingly did, and it ceased in consequence.
Aeacus himself shewed his gratitude by erecting a
temple to Zeus Panhellenius on mount Panhellenion (Paus. ii. 30. ~ 4), and the Aeginetans
afterwards built a sanctuary in their island called
Aeaceum, which was a square place enclosed by