A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

302 ARISTOCLES.
Aristobulus; of these nothing further is recorded.
(Joseph. Ant. xviii. 5. ~ 4.) [E. E.]
ARISTOBU'LUS, a painter, to whom Pliny
(xxxv. 40. ~ 42) gives the epithet SYRus, which
Sillig understands of one of the Cyclades. [P. S.]
ARISTOCLETA ('Api-Tor'cAeta), a priestess in
Delphi, from whom Pythagoras said that he had
received many of his precepts. (Porphyr. ~ 41.
p. 41, ed. Kilster.) She is called Themistocleia
in Diogenes Laertius (viii. 21), and Theocleia
in Suidas. (s. v. IvOaa-yo'pas.) Pythagoras is said
to have written a letter to her. See Fabric. Bibl.
Graec. i. p. 881.
ARISTOCLEIDAS ('Api-eroKXieasa), of Aegina, son of Aristophanes, won the victory in the
Pancratium in the Nemean Games, but it is not
known in what Olympiad. Dissen conjectures
that it was gained before the battle of Salamis.
The third Nemean Ode of Pindar is in his honour.
ARISTOCLEIDES ('Apto-roichelfrs), a celebrated player on the cithara, who traced his descent from Terpander, lived in the time of the
Persian war. He was the master of Phrynis of
Mytilene. (Schol. ad. Aristoph. Nub. 958; Suidas, s. v. Apdis.) [PHRYnNIs.]
ARISTOCLEITUS ('Apitoro'heTeos), as he is
called by Plutarch (Lysand. c. 2), or Aristocritus
('Apra-TdicpiTos) or Aristocrates ('ApsIroecpcairs), as
he is called by Pausanias (iii. 6. ~ 4, 8. ~~ 3, 5,
vi. 3. ~ 6, &c.), the father of Lysander, the Spartan lawgiver.
ARI'STOCLES ('AptoroicAXs). 1. Of Rhodes,
a Greek grammarian and rhetorician, who was a
contemporary of Strabo. (xiv. p. 655.) He is
probably the writer of whom Ammonius (de Dif.
Voc. under IructC&eos) mentions a work zrepi
rwoJrTcrýTs. There are several other works: viz.
irepl Stanicrov (Etymol. M. s. v. Kcua; comp.
Cramer's Anecdot. i. p. 231, iii. p. 298), AaKwwvaY
7roATeiaa (Athen. iv. p. 140), and a work on the
history of Italy, of which Plutarch (Paral. 1Minor.
25, 41) mentions the third book,-which are
ascribed to Aristocles; but whether all or only
some of them belong to Aristocles the Rhodian, is
uncertain. (Compare Clem. Alex. Strom. vi. p. 267;
Varr. de Ling. Lat. x. 10, 75, ed. Miiller; Dionys.
Hal. Dinarch. 8.)
2. Of Pergamus, a sophist and rhetorician, who
lived in the time of the emperors Trajan and
Hadrian. He spent the early part of his life upon
the study of the Peripatetic philosophy, and during
this period he completely neglected his outward
appearance. But afterwards he was seized by the
desire of becoming a rhetorician, and went to
Rome, where he enrolled himself among the pupils
of Herodes Atticus. After his return to Pergamus,
he made a complete change in his mode of life, and
appears to have enjoyed a great reputation as a
teacher of rhetoric. His declamations are praised
for their perspicuity and for the purity of the Attic
Greek; but they were wanting in passion and
animation, and resembled philosophical discussions.
Suidas ascribes to him a work on rhetoric (rEXyvpTroprKe'), letters, declamations, &c. (Philostr. Vit.
Soph. ii. 3; Suidas, s. v. 'ApieroKcAijs; Eudoc. p. 66.)
3. Of Messene, a Peripatetic philosopher, whose
age is uncertain, some placing him three centuries
before and others two centuries after Christ. But
if the statement is correct, that he was the teacher
of Alexander Aphrodisias (Cyrill. c. Jul. ii. p. 61),
he must have lived about the beginning of the third

ARISTOCLES.
century after Christ. According to Suidas (s. v.)
and Eudocia (p. 71), he wrote several works:
1. Tloepov oirovaio'mrepos OuAIpos j ITA'rwv.
2. TeX'vat prTopicai. 3. A work on the god Serapis.
4. A work on Ethics, in ten books: and 5. A work
on Philosophy, likewise in ten books. The last of
these works appears to have been a history of philosophy, in which he treated of the philosophers,
their schools, and doctrines. Several fragments of
it are preserved in Eusebius. (Praep. Evang. xiv.
17-21, xv. 2, 14; Comp. Theodoret. Tiherap. Seorm.
8, and Suidas, who also mentions some other works
of his.)
4. A Stoic philosopher, who wrote a commentary
in four books on a work of Chrysippus. (Suid. s.v.
'ApT'roicAKjs.)
5. A musician, to whom Athenaeus (iv. p. 174)
attributes a work IrepPi yoXVir.
6. The author of an epigram in the Greek Anthology. (Append. Epigr. n. 7, ed. Tauchnitz.)
7. The author of a work called IIapdcaoa, which
consisted of several books. Jacobs (ad Ant/hol. Gr.
xiii. p. 862) is of opinion, that he is the same as
the Messenian. Some fragments of his are preserved in Stobaeus (Florileg. 64, 37) and the
Scholiast on Pindar. (Olymp. vii. 66.) [L. S.]
ARI'STOCLES ('APLoroic4K s), a physician,
whose medicines are several times quoted by Andromachus. (Ap. Gal. De Compos. Medicam. sec.
Locos, vi. 6, vol. xii. p. 936; ibid. viii. 7, vol. xiii.
d, p. 205; De Compos. Medicam. sec. Gen. vii.
7, vol. xiii. p. 977.) He is also mentioned in the
first volume of Cramer's Anecdota Graeca Parisiensia, p. 395. Nothing is known of the events
of his life, but he must have lived some time in or
before the first century after Christ. [W. A. G.]
ARPSTOCLES ('AptoroiecAs), sculptors. From
different passages in Pausanias we learn the following particulars:(1.) Aristocles of Cydonia was one of the most
ancient sculptors; and though his age could not be
clearly fixed, it was certain that he flourished before Zancle was called Messene (Paus. v. 25. ~ 6),
that is, before 494 B. c.
(2.) The starting-pillar of the Hippodrome at
Olympia was made by Cleoetas, the same sculptor
by whom there was a statue at Athens bearing
this inscription:
'Os -r*v i7nrriseai 'OhAvriTra Eparo srpwros
TeQS4 pse KAeoieas voids 'ApiTroicAeous.
(vi. 20. ~ 7.)
(3.) There was an Aristocles, the pupil and son
of Cleoetas. (v. 24. ~ 1.)
(4.) Aristocles of Sicyon was the brother of
Canachus, and not much inferior to him in reputation. This Aristocles had a pupil, Synnobin, who
was the father and teacher of Ptolichus of Aegina.
(vi. 9. ~ 1.) We are also told, in an epigram by
Antipater Sidonius (Greek Antihol. ii. p. 15, no. 35,
Jacobs), that Aristocles made one of three statues
of the Muses, the other two of which were made
by Ageladas and Canachus. [AGELADAS.]
(5.) Pantias of Chios, the disciple and son of
Sostratus, was the seventh disciple reckoned in
order from Aristocles of Sicyon (Paus. vi. 3. ~ 4),
that is, according to a mode of reckoning which
was common with the Greeks, counting both the
first and the last of the series.
From these passages we infer, that there were
two sculptors of this name: Aristocles the elder,
who is called both a Cydonian and a Sicyonian,