A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

ARIA RAT IIES.

ARIGNOTUS. 285

had been put to death by the people on account of
her cruelty, her youngest son succeeded to the
crown. (Diod. 1. c., Etc. xxiv. p. 626, ed. Wess.;
Polyb. iii. 5, xxxii. 20, 23, xxxiii. 12; Justin,
xxv. 1, xxxvii. 1.)
VI. The youngest son of the preceding, reigned about 34 years, i. c. 130-96. tie was a
child at his succession. HIe married Laodice,
the sister of Mithridates Eupa'tor, king of Pontus,
and was put to death by Miithridates by means
of Gordius. (Justin, xxxvii. 1, xxxviii. 1; Memnon, ap. lPhoot. Cod. 224, p. 230, a. 41, ed. Bekker.)
On his death the kingdom was seized by Nicomedes, king of Bithynia, who married Laodice,
the widow of the late king. But Nicomedes was
soon expelled by Mithridates, who placed upon
the throne,
VII. A son of Ariarathes VI. He was, however, also murdered by Mithridates in a short
time, who now took possession of his kingdom.
(Justin, xxxviii. 1.) The Cappadocians rebelled
against Mithridates, and placed upon the throne,.i \ \i
VIII. A second son of Ariarathes VI.; but
he was speedily driven out of the kingdom by
Mithridates, and shortly afterwvards died a natural
death. By the death of these two sons of
Ariarathes VI., the royal family was extinct.
Mithridates placed upon the throne one of his own
sons, who was only eight years old. Nicomedes
sent an embassy to Rome to lay claim to the
throne for a youth, who, he pretended, was a third
son of Ariarathes VI. and Laodice. Mithridates
also, with equal shamelessness, says Justin, sent
an embassy to Rome to assert that the youth,
whom he had placed upon the throne, was a descendant of Ariarathes V., who fell in the owar
against Aristonicus. The senate, however, did not
assign the.kingdom to either, but granted liberty
to the Cappadocians. But as the people wished
for a king, the Romans allowed them to choose
whom they pleased, and their choice fell upon
Ariobarzanes. (Justin, xxxviii. 1, 2; Strab. xii.
p. 540.)
IX. A son of Ariobarzanes II., and brother
of Ariobarzanes III. (Cic. ad Fain. xv. 2), reigned
six years, B. c. 42-36. When Caesar had confirmed Ariobarzanes III. in this kingdom, he
placed Ariarathes under his brother's government.
Ariarathes succeeded to the crown after the battle
of Philippi, but was deposed and put to death by
Antony, who appointed Archelaus as his successor.
(Appian, B. C. v. 7; Dion Cass. xlix. 32; Val.
Max. ix. 15, ex. 2.)
Clinton makes this Ariarathes the son of Ariobarzanes III. (whom he calls the second); but as

there were three kings of the name of Ariobarzanes,
grandfather, son, and grandson [ARIOBARZANES],
and Strabo (xii. p. 540) says that the fainily became extinct in three generations, it seems most
probable, that this Ariarathes was a brother of
Ariobarzanes III. Cicero (ad Att. xiii. 2) speaks
of an Ariarathes, a son of Ariobarzanes, who came
to Rome iln B. c. 45; but there seems no reason to
believe that he was a different person from the one
mentioned above, the son of Ariobarzanes II.
Respecting the kings of Caippadocia, see Clinton,
F. H. vol. iii. Appendix, c. 9.
The four coins that have been given above, have
been placed under those kings to whom they are
usually assigned; but it is quite uncertain to whom
they really belong. The coins of these kings bear
only three surnames, ETSEBOTY, EIIIQANOTS,
and DIAOMHTOPO:. On the reverse of all,
Pallas is represented. (Eckhel, iii. p. 198.)
ARIASPES ('Apdo-rrs), called by Justin (x. 1)
Ariarates, one of the three legitimate sons of Artaxerxes Mnemon, was, after the death of his eldest
brother Dareius, driven to commit suicide by the
intrigues of his other brother, Ochus. (Plut. Artax.
c. 30.)
ARIBAEUS ('Apia@cos), the king of the Cappadocians, was slain by the Ilyrcanians, in the time
of the elder Cyrus, according to Xenophon's Cyropaedia. (ii. 1. ~ 5, iv. 2. ~ 31.)
ARICI'NA (Apadciv ), a surname of Artemis,
derived from the town of Aricia in Latium, where
she was worshipped. A tradition of that place
related that Hippolytus, after being restored to life
by Asclepius, came to Italy, ruled over Aricia, and
dedicated a grove to Artemis. (Paus. ii. 27. ~ 4.)
This goddess was believed to be the Taurian
Artemis, and her statue at Aricia was considered
to be the same as the one which Orestes had
brought with him from Tauris. (Serv. ad Aeen. ii.
116; Strab. v. p. 239; Hygin. Fab. 261.) According to Strabo, the priest of the Arician Artemis
was always a run-away slave, who obtained his
office in the following manner:-The sacred grove
of Artemis contained one tree from which it was
not allowed to break off a branch; but if a slave
succeeded in effecting it, the priest was obliged to
fight with him, and if he was conquered and killed,
the victorious slave became his successor, and
might in his turn be killed by another slave, who
then succeeded him. Suetonius (Caig. 35) calls
the priest -rex nemorensis. Ovid (Fast. iii. 260,
&c.), Suetonius, and Pausanias, speak of contests
of slaves in the grove at Aricia, which seem to
refer to the frequent fights between the priest and
a slave who tried to obtain his office. [L. S.]
ARIDAEUS. [ARIsEUS; ARRHIDAEUS.]
ARIDO'LIS ('ApfiwAts), tyrant of Alabanda in
Caria, accompanied Xerxes in his expedition against
Greece, and was taken by the Greeks off Artemisium, B. c. 480, and sent to the isthmus of Corinth
in chains. (Herod. vii. 195.)
ARIGNO'TE ('AprvCdr), of Samos, a female
Pythagorean philosopher, is sometimes described as
a daughter, at other times merely as a disciple of
Pythagoras and Theano. She wrote epigrams and
several works upon the worship and mysteries of
Dionysus. (Suidas, s.v. 'Api'yv'dr-, OeavId, rlvay/.;
Clem. Alex. Strom. iv. p. 522, d., Paris, 1629;
Harpocrat. s. v. Eeo?.)
ARIGNO'TUS ('Apiyrwros), a Pythagorean in
the time of Lucian, was renowned for his wisdom.