A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

234 APOLLODORUS.
p. 257, ed. Heeren) has preserved two fragments
of it. This Stoic must be distinguished from the
Academic philosopher Apollodorus who is spoken
of by Cicero (De Nat. Deor. i. 34), but he is perhaps the same as the one who is mentioned by
Tertullian (De Anima, 15) along with Chrysippus.
13. An EPICUREAN, was according to Diogenes
Laertius (x. 13) surnamed iKrarorvpavvos, from his
exercising a kind of tyranny or supremacy in the
garden or school of Epicurus. He was the teacher
of Zeno of Sidon, who became his successor as the
head of the school of Epicurus, about B. c. 84. He
is said to have written upwards of 400 books
(OtAi a, Diog. Lairt. x. 25), but only one of them
is mentioned by its title, viz. a Life of Epicurus.
(Diog. Laert. x. 2.) This as well as his other
works have completely perished.
14. An EPIGRAMMATIC poet, who lived in the
time of Augustus and Tiberius, and is commonly
believed to have been a native of Smyrna. The
Greek Anthology contains upwards of thirty epigrams which bear his name, and which are distinguished for their beautiful simplicity of style as
well as of sentiment. Reiske was inclined to consider this poet as the same man as Apollonides of
Nicaea, and moreover to suppose that the poems in
the Anthologia were the productions of two different persons of the name of Apollodorus, the one of
whom lived in the reign of Augustus, and the
other in that of Hadrian. But there is no ground
for this hypothesis. (Jacobs, ad Anthol. Graec. xiii.
p. 854, &c.)
15. Of ERYTHRAE, a Greek writer, who spoke
of the Erythraean Sibyl as his fellow-citizen.
(Varro, Fragyem. p. 216, ed Bip.; Schol. ad Plat.
Phaedr. p. 343; Lactant. De Fals. Relig. i. 6.)
16. Of GELA in Sicily, was, according to Suidas
and Eudocia (p. 61), a contemporary of Menander,
and accordingly lived between the years a. c. 340
and 290. Suidas and Eudocia attribute to him
seven comedies, of which they give the titles. But
while Suidas (s. v. 'AiroXXAdwpos) ascribes them to
Apollodorus of Gela, he assigns one of these same
comedies in another passage (s. v. anrovudcw) to the
Carystian. Other writers too frequently confound
the two comic poets. (Meineke, Hist. Orit. Comic.
Graec. p. 459, &c.)
17. A Greek GRAMMARIAN of Athens, was a
son of Asclepiades, and a pupil of the grammarian Aristarchus, of Panaetius, and Diogenes
the Babylonian. He flourished about the year
B. c. 140, a few years after the fall of Corinth.
Further particulars are not mentioned about him.
We know that one of his historical works (the
ypovacdc) came down to the year B. c. 143, and
that it was dedicated to Attalus IL, surnamed
Philadelphus, who died in B. c. 138; but how
long Apollodorus lived after the year B. c. 143
is unknown. Apollodorus wrote a great number of works, and on a variety of subjects, which
were much used in antiquity, but all of them
have perished with the exception of one, and
even this one has not come down to us complete. This work bears the title BlgAtoOc'71; it
consists of three books, and is by far the best
among the extant works of the kind. It contains
a well-arranged account of the numerous mythuses
of the mythology and the heroic age of Greece.
The materials are derived from the poets, especially
the cyclic poets, the logographers, and the historians. It begins with the origin of the gods, and

APOLLODORUS.
goes down to the time of Theseus, when the work
suddenly breaks off. The part which is wanting
at the end contained the stories of the families of
Pelops and Atreus, and probably the whole of the
Trojan cycle also. The first portion of the work
(i. 1-7) contains the ancient theogonic and cosmogonic mythuses, which are followed by the
Hellenic mythuses, and the latter are arranged according to the different tribes of the Greek nation.
(Phot. Cod. 186.) The ancients valued this work
very highly, as it formed a running mythological
commentary to the Greek poets; to us it is of
still greater value, as most of the works from which
Apollodorus derived his information, as well as
several other works which were akin to that of
Apollodorus, are now lost. Apollodorus relates
his mythical stories in a plain and unadorned
style, and gives only that which he found in his
sources, without interpolating or perverting the
genuine forms of the legends by attempts to explain their meaning. This extreme simplicity
of the Bibliotheca, more like a mere catalogue
of events, than a history, has led some modern
critics to consider the work in its present form
either as an abridgement of some greater work of
Apollodorus, or as made up out of several of his
works. But this opinion is a mere hypothesis
without any evidence. The first edition of the
Bibliotheca of Apollodorus, in which the text is in
a very bad condition, was edited by Benedictus
Aegius of Spoleto, at Rome, 1555, 8vo. A somewhat better edition is that of Heidelberg, 1599.
8vo. (Ap. Commelin.) After the editions oh
Tan. Faber (Salmur. 1661, 8vo.), and Th. Gale in
his Script. Hist. poet. (Paris, 1675, 8vo.), ther
followed the critical edition of Ch. G. Heyne,
Gittingen, 1782 and 83, 4 vols. 12mo., of whict
a second and improved edition appeared in 1803
2 vols. 8vo. The best among the subsequen
editions is that of Clavier, Paris, 1805, 2 vols. 8vo.
with a commentary and a French translation
The Bibliotheca is also printed in C. and Th
Muller, Fragment. Hist. Graece., Paris, 1841, ans
in A. Westermann's Mfytlographi, sive Scriptore
Poeticae Histor. Graeci, 1843, 8vo.
Among the other works ascribed to Apollodoru
which are lost, but of which a considerable numbe
of fragments are still extant, which are containe
in Heyne's edition of the Bibliotheca and in (
and Th. MUller's Fragmn. Hflist. Graec., the follow
ing must be noticed here: 1. IIepit TrV 'ArOvY'oi
Eiratpiwv, i. e. on the Athenian Courtezan
(Athen. xiii. pp. 567, 583, xiv. pp. 586, 591
Heyne, vol. iii. p. 1163, &c.; Miiller, p. 467, &c
2. 'AvTiypap(i -rpds r7jV 'ApiaTroKA ovs Tno-roA'
(Athen. xiv. p. 636; Heyne, p. 1172, &c.)
Irjs 7repiloos, couKWmV jirpwc, that is, a Univers
Geography in iambic verses, such as was afterwari
written by Scymnus of Chios and by Dionysin
(Strabo, xiv. p. 656; Steph. Byz. passim; Heyn
p. 1126, &c.; Miiller, p. 449, &c.) 4. iHe
'EnrLdpapuov, either a commentary or a dissertati<
on the plays of the comic poet Epicharmus, whi,
consisted of ten books. (Pophyr. Vit. Plotin.
Heyne, p. 1142, &c.; Miiller, p. 462.)
'ErvpUoAo'ylai, or Etymologies, a work which
frequently referred to, though not always und
this title, but sometimes apparently under that
the head of a particular article. (Heyne, p. 114
&c.; Miiller, p. 462, &c.) 6. fept 3Ev,
twenty-four books. This work contained t