A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

APOLLODORUS.
be referred to the year B. c. 340, when Apollodorus was fifty-four years of age. Apollodorus
was a very wealthy man, and performed twice the
liturgy of the trierarchy. (Dem. c. Polycl. p. 1208,
c. Nicostr. p. 1247.)
2. Of AMPHIPOLIS, one of the generals of Alexander the Great, was entrusted in B. c. 331,
together with Menes, with the administration of
Babylon and of all the satrapies as far as Cilicia.
Alexander also gave them 1000 talents to collect
as many troops as they could. (Diod. xvii. 54;
Curtius, v. 1; comp. Arrian, Anab. vii. 18; Appian,
de Bell. Civ. ii. 152.)
3. Of ARTEMITA, whence he is distinguished
from others of the name of Apollodorus by the
ethnic adjective'ApTe'ir as or 'AprsEmL'/vo's. (Steph.
Byz. s. v. 'AprE1m-ra.) The time in which he lived
is unknown. He wrote a work on the Parthians
which is referred to by Strabo (ii. p. 118, xi. pp.
509, 519, xv. p. 685), and by Athenaeus (xv. p.
682), who mentions the fourth book of his work.
There are two passages in Strabo (xi. pp. 516 and
526), in which according to the common reading
he speaks of an Apollodorus Adramyttenus; but
as he is evidently speaking of the author of the
Parthica, the word 'AapawLrVLT'L ds has justly been
changed into 'ApreutM-rvI'4. Whether this Apollodorus of Artemita is the same as the one to whom
a history of Caria is ascribed, cannot be decided.
Stephanus Byzantius (s. vv. 'Apcodvrojos and Aa'ytvia) mentions the seventh and fourteenth books of
this work.
4. An ATHENIAN, commanded the Persian
luxiliaries which the Athenians had solicited from;he king of Persia against Philip of Macedonia in
3. c. 340. Apollodorus was engaged with these
roops in protecting the town of Perinthus while?hilip invaded its territory. (Paus. i. 29. ~ 7;!omp. Diod. xvi. 75; Arrian, Anab. ii. 14.)
5. A BOEOTIAN, who together with Epaenetus
ame as ambassador from Boeotia to Messenia, in
m. c. 183, just at the time when the Messenians,
errified by Lycortas, the general of the Achaeans,
yere inclined to negotiate for peace. The influence
f the Boeotian ambassadors decided the question,
nd the Messenians concluded peace with the
ichaeans. (Polyb. xiv. 12.)
6. Of CARYSTUS. The ancients distinguish bewceen two comic poets of the name of Apollodorus:
ie one is called a native of Gela in Sicily, and the
ther of Carystus in Euboea. Suidas speaks of an.thenian comic poet Apollodorus, and this circum-:ance has led some critics to imagine that there
ere three comic poets of the name of Apollodorus.
ut as the Athenian is not mentioned anywhere
se, and as Suidas does not notice the Carystian,
is supposed that Suidas called the Carystian an
thenian either by mistake, or because he had the
thenian franchise. It should, however, be reembered that the plays of the Carystian were not
Srformed at Athens, but at Alexandria. (Athen.
v. p. 664.) Athenaeus calls him a contemporary
'Machon; so that he probably lived between the!ars B. c. 300 and 260. Apollodorus of Carystus
longed to the school of the new Attic comedy,.d was one of the most distinguished among its
ets. (Athen. 1. c.) This is not only stated by.od authorities, but may also be inferred from the:t, that Terence took his Hecyra and Phormio
m Apollodorus of Carystus. (A. Mai, Fragmn.!atdi et Terentiz, p. 38.) According to Suidas

APOLLODORUS. 233
Apollodorus wrote 47 comedies, and five times
gained the prize. We know the titles and possess
fragments of several of his plays; but ten comedies
are mentioned by the ancients under the name of
Apollodorus alone, and without any suggestion as
to whether they belong to Apollodorus of Carystus or to Apollodorus of Gela. (A. Meineke,
Hist. Crit. Comicor. Graecor. p. 462, &c.)
7. Tyrant of CASSANDREIA (formerly Potidaea) in
the peninsula of Pallene. He at first pretended to be
a friend of the people; but when he had gained their
confidence, he formed a conspiracy for the purpose
of making himself tyrant, and bound his accomplices by most barbarous ceremonies described in
Diodorus. (xxii. Exc. p. 563.) When he had
gained his object, about B. c. 279, he began his
tyrannical reign, which in cruelty, rapaciousness,
and debauchery, has seldom been equalled in any
country. The ancients mention him along with
the most detestable tyrants that ever lived.
(Polyb. vii. 7; Seneca, De Ira, ii. 5, De Benef
vii. 19.) But notwithstanding the support which
he derived from the Gauls, who were then penetrating southward, he was unable to maintain himself, and was conquered and put to death by
Antigonus Gonatas. (Polyaen. vi. 7, iv. 6, 18;
Aelian, V. H. xiv. 41; Hfist. An. v. 15; Plut. De
Sera Num. Vind. 10, 11; Paus. iv. 5. ~ 1; Heinsius, ad Ovid. ex Pont. ii. 9. 43.)
8. Of CUMAE, a Greek grammarian, who is said
to have been the first person that was distinguished
by the title of grammarian and critic. (Clem. Alex.
Strom. i. p. 309.) According to Pliny (H. N. vii.
37) his fame was so great that he was honoured by
the Amphictyonic council of the Greeks.
9. Of CYRENE, a Greek grammarian, who is often
cited by other Greek grammarians, as by the Scholiast on Euripides (Orest. 1485), in the Etymologicum M. (s. v. pwo/eAXiot), and by Suidas (s. vv.
dv-rucpuv, 8wjoAoXXos, NavioY, and /leA;io'ow).
From Athenaeus (xi. p. 487) it would seem that
he wrote a work on drinking vessels (Tror-pta), and
if we may believe the authority of Natalis Comes
(iii. 16-18, ix. 5), he also wrote a work on
the gods, but this may possibly be a confusion of
Apollodorus of Cyrene, with the celebrated grammarian of Athens. (Heyne, ad Apollod. pp.
1174, &c., 1167.)
10. Of CYzlcvs, lived previous to the time of
Plato, who in his dialogue Ion (p. 541), mentions
him as one of the foreigners whom the Athenians
had frequently placed at the head of their armies.
This statement is repeated by Aelian ( V.H. xiv. 5),
but in what campaigns Apollodorus served the
Athenians is not known. Athenaeus (xi. p. 506),
in censuring Plato for his malignity, mentions
Apollodorus, and the other foreigners enumerated in
the passage of the Ion, as instances of persons calumniated by the philosopher, although the passage does
not contain a trace of anything derogatory to them.
11. Of CYzIcus, an unknown Greek writer, who
is mentioned by Diogenes Laertius (ix. 38), and is
perhaps the same as the Apollodotus spoken of by
Clemens of Alexandria. (Strom. ii. p. 417.)
12. Surnamed EPHILLUS, a Stoic philosopher,
who is frequently mentioned by Diogenes Lairtius,
who attributes to him two works, one called <vem-rm,
and the other 7jt1?ui. (Diog. Laiirt. vii. 39, 41, 54,
64, 84, 102, 121, 125, 129, 135, 140.) Theon of
Alexandria wrote a commentary on the -qvou-cA)
(Suid. s. v. iew,), and Stobaeus (Eclog. Phys. i.