A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

ANUBIS. ANYTE. 219
ad Odyss. p. 1821; Mich. Apost. Centur. Proverb. (Strab. xvii. p. 805; Stat. Sylv. iii. 2. 112.) For
xvii. No. 7.) The fact that Socrates used to swear further particulars respecting the worship of Anuby a dog is so well known, that we scarcely need bis the reader is referred to the works on Egyptian
mention it. (Athen vii. p. 300; Porphyr. de Ab- mythology, such as Jablonsky, Panth. Aegypt. v. 1.
stin. iii. p. 285.) It is however a remarkable fact, ~ 12, &c.; Champollion (le Jeune), Panthion Egyptlhat, notwithstanding this, the name of Anubis is tien, Paris, 1823; Pritchard, Egyptian Mythology.,not expressly mentioned by any writer previous to We only add a few remarks respecting the notions
the age of Augustus; but after that time, it fre- of the Greeks and Romans about Anubis, and his
quently occurs both in Greek and Roman authors, worship among them. The Greeks identified the
(Ov. MAet. ix. 690, Amor. ii. 13. 11; Propert. iii. Egyptian Anubis with their own Hermes. (Plut.
9. 41; Virg. Aen. viii. 698; Juven. xv. 8; Lucian, Ibid. 11), and thus speak of Hermanuphis in the
eyp. trag. 8, Concil. Deor. 10, 11, Toxar, 28.) same manner as of Zeus Ammon. (Plut. 61.) His
Several of the passages here referred to attest the worship seems to have been introduced at Rome
importance of the worship of this divinity, and towards the end of the republic, as may be inStrabo expressly states, that the dog was worship- ferred from the manner in which Appian (Bell. Civ.
)ed throughout Egypt (xvii. p. 812); but the prin- iv. 47; comp. Val. Max. vii. 3. ~ 8) describes the
fipal and perhaps the original seat of the worship escape of the aedile M. Volusius. Under the emippears to have been in the nomos of Cynopolis in pire the worship of Anubis became very widely
niddle Egypt. (Strab. 1. c.) In the stories about spread both in Greece and at Rome. (Apulei. Met.
inubis which have come down to us, as well as in xi. p. 262; Lamprid. Commod. 9; Spartian, Peshe explanations of his nature, the original charac- cenn. Nig. 6, Anton. Carac. 9.) [L. S.].er-that of a fetish-is lost sight of, probably be- ANULI'NUS, P. CORNELIUS, one of the
nause the philosophical spirit of later times wanted generals of Severus, gained a battle over Niger at
o find something higher and loftier in the worship Issus, A. D. 194. He afterwards commanded one,f Anubis than it originally was. According to of the divisions of the army which Severus sent
he rationalistic view of Diodorus (i. 18), Anubis against Adiabene, A. D. 197. He was consul in
vas the son of king Osiris, who accompanied his A. D. 199. (Dion Cass. lxxiv. 7, lxxv. 3.)
ather on his expeditions, and was covered with ANXURUS, an Italian divinity, who was worhe skin of a dog. For this reason he was repre- shipped in a grove near Anxur (Terracina) toented as a human being with the head of a dog. gether with Feronia. He was regarded as a
n another passage (i. 87) the same writer explains youthful Jupiter, and Feronia as Juno. (Serv. ad
his monstrous figure by saying, that Anubis per- Aen. vii. 799.) On coins his name appears as
1rmed to Osiris and Isis the service of a guard, Axur or Anxur. (Drakenborch, ad Sil. Ital. viii.
thich is performed to men by dogs. He mentions 392; Morell. Thesaur. Num. ii. tab. 2.) [L. S.]
third account, which has more the appearance of A'NYSIS (AAvvous), an ancient king of Egypt,
genuine mythus. When Isis, it is said, sought who, according to Herodotus, succeeded Asychis.
)siris, she was preceded and guided by dogs, He was blind, and in his reign Egypt was invaded
rhich defended and protected her, and expressed by the Ethiopians under their king Sabaco, and reieir desire to assist her by barking. For this mained in their possession for fifty years. Anysis
mason the procession at the festival of Isis was in the meanwhile took refuge in the marshes of
receded by dogs. According to Plutarch (Is.etOs.) Lower Egypt, where he formed an island which
anubis was a son of Osiris, whom he begot by afterwards remained unknown for upward of seven
[ephthys in the belief that she was his wife Isis. centuries, until it was discovered by Amyrtaeus.
fter the death of Osiris, Isis sought the child, When after the lapse of fifty years the Ethiopians
rought him up, and made him her guard and com- withdrew from Egypt, Anysis returned from the
inion under the name of Anubis, who thus per- marshes and resumed the government. (Herod..rmed to her the same service that dogs perform ii. 137, 140.) [L. S.]
> men. An interpretation of this mythus, derived A'NYTE, of Tegea ('Ad;rvv TeyE ms), the auom the physical nature of Egypt, is given by thoress of several epigrams in the Greek Anthology,
lutarch. -(Is. et Os. 38.) Osiris according to him is mentioned by Pollux (v. 5) and by Stephanus
the Nile, and Isis the country of Egypt so far as Byzantinus (s. v. Tes.a). She is numbered among
is usually fructified by the river. The districts the lyric poets by Meleager (Jacobs, Aznthol. i. 1, v.
Sthe extremities of the country are Nephthys, 5), in whose list she stands first, and by Antipater
id Anubis accordingly is the son of the Nile, of Thessalonica (Ibid. ii. 101, no. 23), who names
hich by its inundation has fructified a distant her with Praxilla, Myro, and Sappho, and calls her
trt of the country. But this only explains the the female Homer (Ogj/vv "O/rjpov), an epithet
igin of the god, without giving any definite idea which might be used either with reference to the
him. In another passage (1. c. 40) Plutarch martial spirit of some of her epigrams, or to their
ys, that Nephthys signified everything which was antique character. From the above notices and
ider the earth and invisible, and Isis everything from the epigrams themselves, which are for the
hich was above it and visible. Now the circle most part in the style of the ancient Doric choral
Shemisphere which is in contact with each, which songs, like the poems of Alcman, we should be
rites the two, and which we call the horizon, is disposed to place her much higher than the date
lied Anubis, and is represented in the form of a usually assigned to her, on the authority of a pas)g, because this animal sees by night as well as sage in Tatian (adv. Graecos, 52, p. 114, Worth.),
Sday. Anubis in this account is raised to the who says, that the statue of Anyte was made by
nk of a deity of astronomical import. (Clem. Euthycrates and Cephisodotus, who are known to
lex. Strom. v. p. 567.) In the temples of Egypt have flourished about 300 B. c. But even if the
seems always to have been represented as the Anyte here mentioned were certainly the poetess,
lard of other gods, and the place in the front of a it would not follow that she was contemplorary
mple (Ipupos) was particularly sacred to him. with these artists. On the other hand,,ne of