A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

ACAMAS.
while had gained so much strength that it was
deemed advisable to issue a formula, conciliatory
from its indefiniteness, called the Henoticon, A. D.
482. Acacius was led into other concessions,
which drew upon him, on the accusation of John
Talaia, against whom he supported the claims of
Peter Mongus to the See of Alexandria, the
anathema of Pope Felix II. A. D. 484. Peter
Mongus had gained Acacius's support by professing assent to the canons of Chalcedon, though at
heart a Monophysite. Acacius refused to give up
Peter Mongus, but retained his see till his death,
A. D. 488. There remain two letters of his, one
to Pope Simplicius, in Latin (see Conciliorum Nova
Collectio a Mansi, vol. vii. p. 982), the other to
Peter Fullo, Archbishop of Antioch, in the original
Greek. (Ibid. p. 1121.)
5. Reader at (A. D. 390), then the Bishop of
Melitene (A. D. 431). He wrote A. D. 431,
against Nestorius. His zeal led him to use
expressions, apparently savouring of the contrary
heresy, which, for a time, prejudiced the emperor Theodosius II. against St. Cyril. He was
present at the Oecumenical Council of Ephesus
A. D. 431, and constantly maintained its authority.
There remain of his productions a Homily (in
Greek) delivered at the Council, (see Conciliorume
Nova Collectio a Mlansi, vol. v. p. 181,) and a letter
written after it to St. Cyril, which we have in a
Latin translation. (Ibid. pp. 860, 998.) [A. J. C.]
ACACCE'SIUS ('AKascraoos), a surname of
Hermes (Cidlim. IHym. in Dian. 143), for which
Homer (II. xvi. 185; Od. xxiv. 10) uses the
form ddCaOirra (d.tcatrns). Some writers derive it
from the Arcadian town of Acacesium, in which
he was believed to have been brought up by king
Acacus; others from cKacos, and assign to it the
meaning: the god who cannot be hurt, or who does
not hurt. The same attribute is also given to
Prometheus (Hes. Theog. 614), whence it may be
inferred that its meaning is that of benefactor or
deliverer from evil. (Compare Spanh. ad Callim.
1. c.; Spitzner, ad II. xvi. 185.) [L. S.]
ACACE'TES. [ACAcEEsIus,]
A/CACUS ("Alcacos), a son of Lycaon and king
of Acacesium in Arcadia, of which he was believed
to be the founder. (Paus. viii. 3. ~ 1; Steph. Byz.
s. v. 'AIKarKicov.) [L. S.]
ACADE'MUS ('Adcalssos), an Attic hero, who,
when Castor and Polydeuces invaded Attica to
liberate their sister Helen, betrayed to them that
she was kept concealed at Aphidnae. For this
reason the Tyndarids always showed him much
gratitude, and whenever the Lacedaemonians invaded Attica, they always spared the land belonging to Academus which lay on the Cephissus, six
stadia from Athens. (Plut. Thes. 32; Diog. Laert.
iii. 1. ~ 9.) This piece of land was subsequently
adorned with plane and olive plantations (Plut.
Cim. 13), and was called Academia from its
original owner. [L. S.]
ACALLE. [ACACALLIs.]
A'CAMAS ('Atcdaas). 1. A son of Theseus
and Phaedra, and brother of Demophoon. (Diod.
iv. 62.) Previous to the expedition of the Greeks
against Troy, he and Diomedes were sent to demand the surrender of Helen (this message Homer
ascribes to Menelaus and Odysseus, II. xi. 139,
&c.), but during his stay at Troy he won the
affection of Laodice, daughter of Priam (Parthen.
Nic. Erot. 16), and begot by her a son, Munitus,

ACASTUS. 5
who was brought up by Aethra, the grandmother of
Acamas. (Schol. ad Lycoplr. 499, &c.) Virgil
(Aen. ii. 262) mentions him among the Greeks
concealed in the wooden horse at the taking of
Troy. On his return home he was detained in
Thrace by his love for Phyllis; but after leaving
Thrace and arriving in the island of Cyprus, he
was killed by a fall from his horse upon his own
sword. (Schol. ad Lycophr. 1. c.) The promontory
of Acamas in Cyprus, the town of Acamentium in
Phrygia, and the Attic tribe Acamantis, derived
their names from him. (Steph. Byz. s. v. 'AKcaudv"-rno; Paus. i. 5. ~ 2.) He was painted in the
Lesche at Delphi by Polygnotus, and there was also
a statue of him at Delphi. (Paus. x. 26. ~ 1, x.
10. ~ 1.)
2. A son of Antenor and Theano, was one
of the bravest Trojans. (Homr II. ii. 823, xii.
100.) He avenged the death of his brother, who
had been killed by Ajax, by slaying Promachus
the Boeotian. (II. xiv. 476.) He himself was
slain by Meriones. (II. xvi. 342.)
3. A son of Eussorus, was one of the leaders
of the Thracians in the Trojan war (Hom. II. ii.
844, v. 462), and was slain by the Telamonian
Ajax. (II. vi. 8.) [L. S.]
ACANTHUS ("AKavOos), the Lacedaemonian,
was victor in the slaavos and the B6\tXos in the
Olympic games in 01. 15, (B. c. 720,) and according to some accounts was the first who ran naked
in these games. (Paus. v. 8. ~ 3; Dionys. vii. 72;
African. apud Euseb. p. 143.) Other accounts
ascribe this to Orsippus the Megarian. [OaRSPPus.] Thucydides says that the Lacedaemonians
were the first who contended naked in gymnastic
games. (i. 6.)
ACARNAN ('AKcapviv), one of the Epigones,
was a son of Alcmaeon and Calirrhoe, and brother
of Amphoterus. Their father was murdered by
Phegeus, when they were yet very young, and
Calirrhoe prayed to Zeus to make her sons grow
quickly, that they might be able to avenge the
death of their father. The prayer was granted,
and Acarnan with his brother slew Phegeus, his
wife, and his two sons. The inhabitants of
Psophis, where the sons had been slain, pursued
the murderers as far as Tegea, where however they
were received and rescued. At the request of
Achelous they carried the necklace and peplus of
Harmonia to Delphi, and from thence they went
to Epirus, where Acarnan founded the state called
after him Acarnania. (Apollod. iii. 7. ~ 5-7; Ov.
Met. ix. 413, &c.; Thucyd. ii. 102; Strab. x.
p. 462.) [L. S.]
ACASTUS ("Acao-Tos), a son of Pelias, king of
lolcus, and of Anaxibia, or as others call her, Philomache. He was one of the Argonauts(Apollod.
i. 9. ~ 10; Apollon. Rhod. i. 224, &c.), and also took
part in the Calydonian hunt. (Ov. Met. viii. 305,&c.)
After the return of the Argonauts his sisters were
seduced by Medeia to cut their father in pieces
and boil them; and Acastus, when he heard this,
buried his father, drove lason and Medeia, and
according to Pausanias (vii. 11) his sisters also,
from lolcus, and instituted funeral games in honour
of his father. (Hygin. Fab. 24 and 273; Apollod.
i. 9. ~ 27, &c.; Paus. iii. 18. ~ 9, vi. 20. ~ 9, v. 17.
~ 4; Ov. Met. xi. 409, &c.) During these games it
happened that Astydamia, the wife of Acastus,
who is also called Hippolyte, fell in love with
Peleus, whom Acastus had purified from the mur