A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

172 ANI~DROGEU'S.

ANDROMACHUS.

droclus found that a large thorn had pierced it, that originally Androgeus was worshipped as the
which he drew out, and the lion was soon able to introducer of agriculture into Attica. [L. S.]
use his paw again. They lived together for some ANDRO'MACHE ('Avppoadx?), a daughter of
time in the cave, the lion catering for his benefac- Eetion, king of the Cilician Thebae, and one of the
tor. But at last, tired of this savage life, Androclus noblest and most amiable female characters in the
left the cave, was apprehended by some soldiers, Iliad. Her father and her seven brothers were
brought to Rome, and condemned to the wild slain by Achilles at the taking of Thebae, and hei
beasts. He was pardoned, and presented with the mother, who had purchased her freedom by a large
lion, which he used to lead about the city. [C. P. M.] ransom, was killed by Artemis. She was marrie
ANDROCY'DES ('AvapoicV'Ss), of Cyzicus, a to Hector, by whom she had a son, Scamandriui
Greek painter, a contemporary and rival of Zeuxis, (Astyanax), and for whom she entertained the mos
flourished from 400 to 377 B. c. (Plin. xxxv. 36. tender love. (Apollod. iii. 11. ~ 6.) See th(
~ 3.) He painted, partly on the spot and partly beautiful passage in Homer, II. vi. 390-502
in Thebes, a skirmish of horse which took place where she takes leave of Hector when he is goinj
near Plataeae shortly before the battle of Leuctra to battle, and her lamentations about his fall, xxii
(Plut. Pelop. 25), and a picture of Scylla sur- 460, &c.; xxiv. 725, &c. On the taking of Tro:
rounded by fishes. The latter picture was much her son was hurled from the wall of the city, an<
praised for the beauty of the fishes, on which the she herself fell to the share of Neoptolemu
artist was supposed to have bestowed the more (Pyrrhus), the son of Achilles, who took her t
pains, on account of his being fond of fish. (Plut. Epeirus, and to whom she bore three sons, Molos
Quaest. Conv. iv. 4. ~ 2; Polemo, ap. Athen. viii. sus, Pielus, and Pergamus. Here she was foun
p. 341, a.) [P. S.] by Aeneas on his landing in Epeirus, at the me
ANDROCY'DES ('AvepoKicu1s), a Greek phy- ment she was offering up a sacrifice at the tomb (
sician, who lived in the reign of Alexander the her beloved Hector. (Virg. Aen. iii. 295, &c.
Great, B. c. 336-323. There is a story told of comp. Paus. i. 11. ~ 1; Pind. Nem. iv. 82, vii. 50.
him by Pliny (H. N. xiv. 7), that he wrote a let- After the death of Neoptolemus, or according 1
ter to that prince cautioning him against the im- others, after his marriage with Hermione, th
moderate use of wine, which he called "the blood daughter of Menelaus and Helen, Andromach
of the earth." It is mentioned also by the same became the wife of Helenus, a brother of her firn
author (xvii. 37. ~ 10), that he ordered his pa- husband, Hector, who is described as a king (
tients to eat a radish as a preservative against Chaonia, a part of Epeirus, and by whom she bi
intoxication, from having observed (it is said) that came the mother of Cestrinus. (Virg. 1. c.; Pau
the vine always turned away from a radish if 1. c., ii. 23. ~ 6.) After the death of Helenu
growing near it. It is very possible that this An- who left his kingdom to Molossus, Andromacl
drocvdes may be the same person who is mentioned followed her son Pergamus to Asia. She was su]
by Theophrastus (Hist. Plant. iv. 16 [al. 20] 20), posed to have died at Pergamus, where in aft(
and also by Athenaeus. (vi. p. 258, b.) [W. A. G.] times a heroum was erected to her memory. (Pan
ANDROETAS ('Avypoiras), of Tenedos, the i. 11. ~ 2; comp. Dictys Cret. vi. 7, &c.; Euri
author of a lspirrAovs T7s U-IporrovTisos. (Schol. ad Andromache.) Andromache and her son Scamal
Apoll. Rhod. ii. 159.) drius were painted in the Lesche at Delphi I
ANDRO'GEUS ('Avapo6'yws), a son of Minos Polygnotus. (Paus. x. 25, in fin.) [L. S.]
and PasiphaS, or Crete, who is said to have con- ANDRO'MACHIUS ('Avspo'yaXos). 1. Cor
quered all his opponents in the games of the mander of the Eleans in B. c. 364, was defeated 1
Panathenaea at Athens. This extraordinary good the Arcadians and killed himself in consequenc
luck, however, became the cause of his destruction, (Xen. Hell. vii. 4. ~ 19.)
though the mode of his death is related differently. 2. Ruler of Tauromenium in the middle of ti
According to some accounts Aegeus sent the man fourth century B. c., and the father of the histori:
he dreaded to fight against the Marathonian bull, Timaeus, is said to have been by far the best
who killed him; according to others, he was assas- the rulers of Sicily at that time. He assist,
sinated by his defeated rivals on his road to Thebes, Timoleon in his expedition against Dionysius, B.
whither he was going to take part in a solemn 344. (Diod. xvi. 7, 68; Plut. Timol. 10.) R
contest. (Apollod. iii. 1. ~ 2, 15. ~ 7; Paus. i. specting the statement of Diodorus that he found
27. ~ 9.) According to Diodorus (iv. 60) it was Tauromenium, see Wesseling, ad Diod. xiv. 59.
Aegeus himself who had him murdered near Oenoe, 3. The commander of the Cyprian fleet at t
on the road to Thebes, because he feared lest An- siege of Tyre by Alexander, B.. 332. (Arrian, Anc
drogeus should support the sons of Pallas against ii. 20.) He may have been the same Andromach
him. Hyginus (Fab. 41) makes him fall in a who was shortly afterwards appointed governor
battle during the war of his father Minos against Coele-Syria, and was burnt to death by the E
the Athenians. (See some different accounts in maritans. (Curt. iv. 5, 8.)
Plut. Thes. 15; Serv. ad Aen. vi. 14.) But the 4. The father of Achaeus [see p. 8, a], and t
common tradition is, that Minos made war on the brother of Laodice, who married Seleucus Cali:
Athenians in consequence of the death of his son. cus, was detained as a prisoner by Ptolemy
Propertius (ii. 1. 64) relates that Androgeus was Alexandria, but was liberated about B. c. 320
restored to life by Aesculapius. He was worship- the intercession of the Rhodians. (Polyb. iv. I
ped in Attica as a hero, an altar was erected to viii. 22.)
him in the port of Phalerus (Paus. i. 1. ~ 4), and 5. Of Aspendus, one of Ptolemy Philopato
games, advapoyew'va, were celebrated in his honour commanders at the battle of Raphia, in whi
every year in the Cerameicus. (Dict. of Ant. s. v. Antiochus the Great was defeated, B. c. 2.
'Avapo-yeCdQa.) He was also worshipped under After the battle Ptolemy left Andromachus
the name Epvwyns, i. e. he who ploughs or pos- command of Coele-Syria and Phoenicia. (Pol;
sesses extensive fields, whence it has been inferred v. 64, 83, 85, 87.)