A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

158 ANANIUS.
An. ii. 5; Strab. xiv. p. 672; Athen. viii. p. 335, f.,
xii. pp. 529, e, 530, b.)
ANADYO'MENE ('AvaSvoAvl), the goddess
rising out of the sea, a surname given to Aphrodite,
in allusion to the story of her being born from the
foam of the sea. This surname had not much celebrity previous to the time of Apelles, but his
famous painting of Aphrodite Anadyomene, in
which the goddess was represented as rising from
the sea and drying her hair with her hands, at
once drew great attention to this poetical idea, and
excited the emulation of other artists, painters as
well as sculptors. The painting of Apelles was
made for the inhabitants of the island of Cos, who
set it up in their temple of Asclepius. Its beauty
induced Augustus to have it removed to Rome,
and the Coans were indemnified by a reduction in
their taxes of 100 talents. In the time of Nero
the greater part of the picture had become effaced,
and it was replaced by the work of another artist.
(Strab. xiv. p. 657; Plin. H. N. xxxv. 36. ~~ 12.
and 15; Auson. Ep. 106; Paus.ii. 1. ~ 7.) [L. S.]
ANAEA ('Avaia), an Amazon, from whom the
town of Anaea in Caria derived its name. (Steph.
Byz. s.v.; Eustath. adDionys. Perieg. 828.) [L. S.]
ANAGALLIS. [AGALLIS.]
ANAGNOSTES, JOANNES ('Iwodvv'sr 'Ava"yvydo'rm'j), wrote an account of the storming of his
native city, Thessalonica, by the Turks under
Amurath II. (A. D. 1430), to which is added a
"Monodia," or lamentation for the event, in prose.
The work is printed, in Greek and Latin, in the:vi'iKc-Ta of Leo Allatius, Rom. 1653, 8vo., pp.
318-380. The author was present at the siege,
after which he left the city, but was induced to
return to it by the promises of the conqueror, who
two years afterwards deprived him of all his property. (Hanekius, de Hist. Byz. Script. i. 38,
p. 636; Wharton, Supp. to Cave, Hist. Lit. ii.
p. 130.) [P. S.]
ANAI'TIS ('Avatrts), an Asiatic divinity,
whose name appears in various modifications, sometimes written Anaea (Strab. xvi. p. 738), sometimes Aneitis (Plut. Aritan. 27), sometimes Tanals
(Clem. Alex. Protrept. p. 43), or Nanaea. (Maccab.
ii. 1, 13.) Her worship was spread over several
parts of Asia, such as Armenia, Cappadocia, Assyria, Persis, &c. (Strab. xi. p. 512, xii. p. 559, xv,
p. 733.) In most places where she was worshipped we find numerous slaves (lepOSovAXo) of both
sexes consecrated to her, and in Acilisene these
slaves were taken from the most distinguished
families. The female slaves prostituted themselves for a number of years before they married.
These priests seem to have been in the enjoyment
of the sacred land connected with her temples, and
we find mention of sacred cows also being kept at
such temples. (Plut. Lucull. 24.) From this and
other circumstances it has been inferred, that the
worship of Anaitis was a branch of the Indian
worship of nature. It seems, at any rate, clear
that it was a part of the worship so common among
the Asiatics, of the creative powers of nature, both
male and female. The Greek writers sometimes
identify Anaitis with their Artemis (Paus. iii. 16.
~ 6; Plut. 1. c.), and sometimes with their Aphrodite. (Clem. Alex. 1. c.; Agathias, i. 2; Ammian.
Marc. xxiii. 3; Spartian. Carac. 7; comp. Creuzer,
Symbol_ ii. p. 22, &c.) [L. S.]
ANA'NIUS ('A'dmuos), a Greek iambic poet,
contemporary with Hipponax (about 540 B. c.)

ANASTASIUS.
The invention of the satyric iambic verse called
Scazon is ascribed to him as well as to Hipponax.
(Hephaest. p. 30, 11, Gaisf.) Some fragments of
Ananius are preserved by Athenaeus (pp. 78, 282,
370), and all that is known of him has been collected by Welcker. (Hipponactis et Ananii Iambographorum Fragmenta, p. 109, &c.) [P. S.]
ANAPHAS ('Avaýe6s), was said to have been
one of the seven who slew the Magi in B. c. 521,
and to have been lineally descended from Atossa,
the sister of Cambyses, who was the father of the
great Cyrus. The Cappadocian kings traced their
origin to Anaphas, who received the government
of Cappadocia, free from taxes. Anaphas was succeeded by his son of the same name, and the latter
by Datames. (Diod. xxxi. Eel. 3.)
ANASTA'SIA, a noble Roman lady, who suffered martyrdom in the Diocletian persecution.
(A. D. 303.) Two letters written by her in prison
are extant in Suidas, s. v. xpvUroyovos. [P. S.]
ANASTA'SIUS ('Avaoardaoros), the author of
a Latin epigram of eighteen lines addressed to
"a certain Armatus, "De Ratione Victus Salutaris
post Incisam Venam et Emissum Sanguinem,"'
which is to be found in several editions of the
Regimen SanitatisSalernitanum. (e.g. Antverp. 1557,
12mo.) The life and date of the author are quite
unknown, but he was probably a late writer, and
is therefore not to be confounded with a Greek
physician of the same name, whose remedy for the
gout, which was to be taken during a whole year,
is quoted with approbation by Aetius (tetrab. iii.
serm. iv. 47, p. 609), and who must therefore have
lived some time during or before the fifth century
after Christ. [W. A. G.]
ANASTA'SIUS I. II., patriarchs of ANTIoc,
[ANASTASIUS SINAITA.]
ANASTA'SIUS I. ('Avao-rT'ios), emperoi
of CONSTANTINOPLE, surnamed Dicorus (Abcopos) on account of the different colour of his
eye-balls, was born about 430 A. D., at Dyrrachium in Epeirus. He was descended from ar
unknown family, and we are acquainted witt
only a few citcumstances concerning his life pro
viously to his accession. We know, however
that he was a zealous Eutychian, that he was no
married, and that he served in the imperial life
guard of the Silentiarii, which was the cause of hi
being generally called Anastasius Silentiarius. Thi
emperor Zeno, the Isaurian, having died in 49'
without male issue, it was generally believed tha
his brother Longinus would succeed him; but ii
consequence of an intrigue carried on during somn
time, as it seems, between Anastasius and the em
press Ariadne, Anastasius was proclaimed emperoi
Shortly afterwards he married Ariadne, but it doe
not appear that he had had an adulterous intem
course with her during the life of her husbanc
When Anastasius ascended the throne of th
Eastern empire he was a man of at least sixty, bu
though, notwithstanding his advanced age, h
evinced uncommon energy, his reign is one of th
most deplorable periods of Byzantine history, di.
turbed as it was by foreign and intestine wars an
by the still greater calamity of religious trouble
Immediately after his accession, Longinus, t1
brother of Zeno, Longinus Magister Officiorun
and Longinus Selinuntius, rose against him, an
being all natives of Isauria, where they had grei
influence, they made this province the centre <
their operations against the imperial troops. Th