A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

154 AMYNANDER.
Apollon. Rhod. ii. 754.) Pliny (H1. N. xvi. 89)
relates, that upon the tomb of Amycus there grew
a species of laurel (leawus insana), which had the
effect that, when a branch of it was taken on
board a vessel, the crew began to quarrel, and did
not cease until the branch was thrown overboard.
Three other mythical personages of this name occur in Ov. lMet. xii. 245; Virg. Aen. x. 705, compared with Hom. II. vi. 289; Virg. Aen. xii. 509,
compared with v. 297. [L. S.]
AMYMO'NE ('Aiugcvidv), one of the daughters
of Danaus and Elephantis. When Danaus arrived
in Argos, the country, according to the wish of
Poseidon, who was indignantatat Inachus, was suffering from a drought, and Danaus sent out Amymone to fetch water. Meeting a stag, she shot at
it, but hit a sleeping satyr, who rose and pursued
her. Poseidon appeared, and rescued the maiden
from the satyr, but appropriated her to himself,
and then shewed her the wells at Lerna. (Apollod.
ii. 1. ~ 4.) According to another form of the tradition, Amymone fell asleep on her expedition in
search of water, and was surprised by a satyr.
She invoked Poseidon, who appeared and cast his
trident at the satyr, which however struck into a
rock, so that the Satyr escaped. Poseidon, after
ravishing the maiden, bade her draw the trident
from the rock, from which a threefold spring gushed forth immediately, which was called after her
the well of Amymone. Her son by Poseidon was
called Nauplius. (Hygin. Fab. 169; Lucian, Dial.
Marin. 6; Paus. ii. 37. ~ 1.) The story of Amymone was the subject of one of the satyric dramas
of Aeschylus, and is represented upon a vase which
was discovered at Naples in 1790. (Bottiger,
Amaltlhea, ii. p. 275.) [L. S.]
AMYNANDER ('ApmvavSpos), king of the
Athamanes, first appears in history as mediator
between Philip of Macedonia and the Aetolians.
(B. c. 208.) When the Romans were about to
wage war on Philip, they sent ambassadors to
Amynander to inform him of their intention.
On the commencement of the war he came to the
camp of the Romans and promised them assistance:
the task of bringing over the Aetolians to an
alliance with the Romans was assigned to him.
In B.c. 198 he took the towns of Phoca and
Gomphi, and ravaged Thessaly. He was present
at the conference between Flaminius and Philip,
and during the short truce was sent by the former
to Rome. He was again present at the conference
held with Philip after the battle of Cynoscephalae.
On the conclusion of peace he was allowed to retain all the fortresses which he had taken from
Philip. In the war which the Romans, supported
by Philip, waged with Antiochus III. Amynander
was induced by his brother-in-law, Philip of
Megalopolis, to side with Antiochus, to whom he
rendered active service. But in B. c. 191 he was
driven from his kingdom by Philip, and fled with
his wife and children to Ambracia. The Romans
required that he should be delivered up, but their
demand was not complied with, and with the
assistance of the Aetolians he recovered his kingdom. -He sent ambassadors to Rome and to the
Scipios in Asia, to treat for peace, which was
granted him. (B. c. 189.) He afterwards induced
the Ambraciots to surrender to the Romans.
He married Apamia, the daughter of a Megalopolitan named Alexander. Respecting his death
we have no accounts. (Liv. xxvii. 30, xxix. 12,

AMYNTAS.
xxxi. 28, xxxii. 14, xxxiii. 3, 34, xxxv. 47, xxxvT
7-10, 14, 28, 32, xxxviii. 1, 3, 9; Polyb. xvi. 27,
xvii. 1, 10, xviii. 19, 30, xx. 10, xxii. 8, 12;
Appian, Syr. 17.) [C. P. M.]
AMYNO'MACIIUS ('ALnvvdraXos), the son of
Philocrates, was, together with Timocrates, the
heir of Epicurus. (Diog. Laert. ix. 16, 17; Cic. de
Fin. ii. 31.)
AMYNTAS ('AgVivra3) I., king of Macedonia,
son of Alcetas, and fifth in descent from Perdiccas,
the founder of the dynasty. (Herod. viii. 139;
comp. Thucyd. ii. 100; Just. vii. 1, xxxiii. 2;
Paus. ix. 40.)
It was under him that Macedonia became tributary to the Persians. Megabazus, whom Darius
on his return from his Scythian expedition had
left at the head of 80,000 men in Europe (Herod.
iv. 143), sent after the conquest of Paeonia to require earth and water of Amyntas, who immediately complied with his demand. The Persian
envoys on this occasion behaved with much insolence at the banquet to which Amyntas invited
them, and were murdered by his son Alexander.
(See p. 118, b.) After this we find nothing recorded of Amyntas, except his offer to the Peisistratidae of Anthemus in Chalcidice, when Hippias
had just been disappointed in his hope of a restoration to Athens by the power of the Spartan confederacy. (Herod. v. 94; Mill. Dor. App. i. ~
16; Wasse, ad Thce. ii. 99.) Amyntas died
about 498 B. c. leaving the kingdom to Alexander.
Herodotus (viii. 136) speaks of a son of Bubares
and Gygaea, called Amyntas after his grandfather.
2. II. king of Macedonia, was son of Philip,*
the brother of Perdiccas II. (Thuc. ii. 95.)
He succeeded his father in his appanage in Upper
Macedonia, of which Perdiccas seems to have
wished to deprive him, as he had before endeavoured to wrest it from Philip, but had been hindered by the Athenians. (Thuc. i. 57.)
In the year 429 B. c. Amyntas, aided by Sitalces, king of the Odrysian Thracians, stood
forward to contest with Perdiccas the throne of
Macedonia itself; but the latter contrived to
obtain peace through the mediation of Seuthes, the
nephew of the Thracian king (Thuc. ii. 101);
and Amyntas was thus obliged to content himself
with his hereditary principality. In the thirtyfifth year, however, after this, B. c. 394, he obtained the crown by the murder of Pausanias, son
of the usurper AEropus. (Diod. xiv. 89.) It was
nevertheless contested with him by Argaeus, the
son of Pausanias, who was supported by Bardylis,
the Illyrian chief: the result was, that Amyntas
was driven from Macedonia, but found a refuge
among the Thessalians, and was enabled by
their aid to recover his kingdom. (Diod. xiv. 92;
Isocr. Archid. p. 125, b. c.; comp. Diod. xvi.
4; Cic. de Off. ii. 11.) But before his flight,
when hard pressed by Argaeus and the Illyrians,
he had given up to the Olynthians a large tract ol
territory bordering upon their own,-despairing.
as it would seem, of a restoration to the throne,
and willing to cede the land in question to Olyn.
thus rather than to his rival. (Diod. xiv. 92, xv,
19.) On his return he claimed back what he pro

* There is some discrepancy of statement or
this point. Justin (vii. 4) and Aelian (xii. 43
call Amyntas the son of Menelaus. See, too
Diod. xv.. 60, and Wesseling, ad lor.