A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

AMOR.
Among his disciples are mentioned Longinus, I-Terennius, Plotinus (Amm. Marcell. xxii.), both
Origens, and St. Heraclas. He died A. D. 243, at
the age of more than 80 years. A life of Aristotle, prefixed to the Commentary of his namesake
on the Categories, has been ascribed to him, but it
is probably the work of John Philoponus. The
Pagan disciples of Ammonius held a kind of philosophical theology. Faith was derived by inward perception; God was threefold in essence,
intelligence, (viz. in knowledge of himself) and
power (viz. in activity), the two latter notions
being inferior to the first; the care of the world
was entrusted to gods of an inferior race, below
those again were daemons, good and bad; an
ascetic life and theurgy led to the knowledge of
the Infinite, who was worshipped by the vulgar,
only in their national deities. The Alexandrian
physics and psychology were in accordance with
these principles. If we are to consider him a
Christian, he was, besides his philosophy (which
would, of course, then be represented by Origen,
and not by the pagan Alexandrian school as above
described) noted for his writings (Euseb. H.E. vi.
19), especially on the Scriptures. (Euseb. Epist.
ad Caspian. a Gallandi's Bibl. Pair. vol. ii.) He
composed a Diatessaron, or Harmony of the Gospels,
which exists in the Latin version of Victor, bishop
of Capua (in the 6th cent., who wrongly ascribed
it to Tatian) and of Luscinius. (See Monumenta
Pair. Ortiodoxograpiha, i. pt. 2, per Grynaeum, pp.
661-747, fol., Basil., 1569; E Graeco versa per
Ottomar. Luscinium. Aug. Vind. 4to., 1523; and
in German, Augsb., 8vo., 1524; the version of
Victor, Mogunt., 8vo., 1524; Colon., 8vo., 1532;
in Reg-Imp. et Consist. Monast. B. M. V. de
Salem, 8vo., 1774; Biblioth. Patr. a Galland., vol.
ii. p. 531, Venet., 1766; where vid. Prolegom.)
Besides the Harmony, Ammonius wrote De Consensu Moysis et Jesu (Euseb. II. E. vi. 19), which
is praised by St. Jerome (Vir. Illustr. ~ 55), but
is lost. [A. J. C.]
AMNISIADES ('AguVo-tcIa8s or 'AiAuories),
the nymphs of the river Amnisus in Crete, who
are mentioned in connexion with the worship of
Artemis there. (Callim. Hymn. in Dian. 15, 162;
Apollon. Rhod. iii. 881.) [L. S.]
AMOME'TUS ('Ais'rtpos), a Greek writer of
uncertain date, who wrote a work on the people
called Attaci (Plin. H. N. vi. 17. s. 20), and
another entitled'AvdirXovs eic M (peews. (Antigon.
Caryst. Hist. Mir. c. 164; comp. Aelian, V. H.
xvii. 6.) We ought probably to read 'Audtyp-ros
instead of 'ATpo'-?Tos in Schol. ad Apoll. iii. 179,
and Eudoc. Viol. p. 248.
AMOMPHA'RETUS ('AjoLPappeTroS), commander of the Pitanatan lochus in the Spartan
army, who refused to march previously to the
battle of Plataea (B. c. 479) to a part of the plain
near the city, as Pausanias ordered, because he
thought that such a movement was equivalent to a
flight. He at length changed his mind when he
had been left by the other part of the army, and
set out to join Pausanias. He fell in the battle
which followed, after distinguishing himself by his
bravery, and was buried among the Irenes.
(Herod. ix. 53-57, 71, 85; Pint. Aristid. 17.)
As to the meaning of the last word see Diet. of
Ant. s. v. Eipnv, and Thirlwall, Hist. of Greece, ii.
p. 350.
AMOR, the god of love and harmony. He had

AMPELIUS. 147
no place in the religion of the Romans, who know
and speak of him only from what they had heard
from the Greeks, and translate the Greek name
Eros into Amor. [EROS.] [L. S.]
AMORAEUS ('AgopaToy), king of the Derbicae,
in a war against whom, according to Ctesias
(Persic. c. 6, ed. Lion), Cyrus, the first king of
Persia, fell.
AMORGES ('AfAop-y ). 1. A king of the
Sacae, according to Ctesias, whom Cyrus, king of
Persia, conquered in battle, but afterwards released, when he himself was vanquished and taken
prisoner by Spamithra, the wife of Amorges.
Ctesias represents Amorges as subsequently one of
the firmest allies of Cyrus. (Persic. cc. 3, 4, 7, 8,
ed. Lion.)
2. A Persian commander, killed in Caria, in
the revolt of the province, B. c. 498. (Herod. v.
121.)
3. The bastard son of Pissuthus, who revolted
in Caria about B. c. 413. The Peloponnesians
assisted Tissaphernes in putting down this revolt,
and took lasus, B. c. 412, which was held by
Amorges. The latter fell into their hands on the
capture of the place, and was surrendered by them
to Tissaphernes. (Thuc. viii. 5, 19, 28, 54.)
AMPE'LIIS. We possess a short tract bearing the title Lucii Anmpelii Liber Memorialis. It
was first made known by Salmasius, in 1638, from
a MS. in the library of Juretus, and subsequent
editors following his example have generally appended it to editions of Florus. We conclude
from internal evidence (cc. 29, 47), that it must
have been composed after the reign of Trajan, and
before the final division of the Roman empire.
Himerius, Ammianus Marcellinus, and Symmachus
make frequent mention of an Ampelius, who enjoyed the high dignities of magister officiorum,
proconsul and praefectus urbi under Valentinian
and his immediate successors, and the name occurs
in connexion with thirteen laws of the Theodosian
code. Sidonius Apollinaris also (ix. 301) commemorates the learning of an Ampelius, but we
nowhere find any allusion which would enable us to
establish a connexion between the person or persons
spoken of by these writers and the compiler of the
Liber Memorialis. On the contrary Gliiser has
adduced reasons (in RlReinisches Museum for 1842,
p. 145), which render it probable that the author
of the Liber Memorialis lived at an earlier time
than the above-mentioned persons. It is stated
in c. 18 of this book, " Sulla ---- primus
invasit imperium, solusque deposuit." Now as
Diocletian and Maximianus resigned the government in A. D. 305, and this event is spoken of by
all the historians who treat of that period, the
Liber Memorialis would seem to have been composed at least before that year.
This work, which is dedicated to a certain Macrinus or Marinus, equally unknown with the
author himself, is a sort of common-place-book,
containing within a short compass a condensed and
meagre summary, collected from various sources, of
the most striking objects and phaenomena of the
material universe and the most remarkable events
in the history of the world, the whole classified
systematically under proper heads, and divided
"into fifty chapters. It is of little value in any
point of view. Nearly all the facts recorded are
to be found elsewhere in a more detailed and satisfactory form, and truth is so blended with falseL2