A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

DUB1US.

DUCAS. 1089

Fab. 45.) There are five other mythical person- When the Frisians had occupied and taken inages of this name. (Apollod. ii. 1. ~ 5; Horn. to cultivation a tract of land near the banks of
II. vi. 130; Apollod. iii. 5. ~ 1; Hom 11. i. 263; the Rhine, Dubius Avitus demanded of them to
Hesiod. Scut. Herc. 179.) [L. S.] quit it, or to obtain the sanction of the emperor.
DRYMON (Apu',awv). There are two persons Two ambassadors accordingly went to Rome; but,
of this nane; the one is mentioned by Tatian (p. although they themselves were honoured and dis137, ed. Oxford, 1700) and Eusebius (Praep. tinguished by the Roman franchise, the Frisians
7Evang. x. p. 495) as an author who lived before were ordered to leave the country they had occuthe time of Homer. But the reading in Tatian is pied, and those who resisted were cut down by
uncertain, and we have no clue for any further in- the Roman cavalry. The same tract of country
vestigation about him. The second Drymon is was then occupied by the Ampsivarii, who had
mentioned by lamblichus among the celebrated been driven out of their own country. by the
Pythagoreans. (De Vit. Pythl. 36; comp. Fabric. Chauci, and implored the Romans to allow them a
Bibl. Graec. i. p. 29, &c.) [L. S.] peaceful settlement. Dubius Avitus gave them a
DRY'OPE (Apod'7?n), a daughter of king haughty answer, but offered to their leader. BoioDryops, or, according to others, of Eurytus. calus, who was a friend of Rome, a piece of land.
While she tended the flocks of her father on Boiocalus declined the offer, which he looked upon
Mount Oeta, she became the playmate of the as a bribe to betray his countrymen; and the
Hlamadryades, who taught her to sing hymns to Ampsivarii immediately formed an alliance with
the gods and to dance. On one occasion she was the Tenchteri and Bructeri to resist the Romans
seen by Apollo, who, in order to gain possession of by force of arms. Dubius Avitus then called in
her, metamorphosed himself into a tortoise. The the aid of Curtilius Mancia and his army. He
nymphs played with the animal, and Dryope took invaded the territory of the Tenchteri, who were
it into her lap. The god then changed himself so frightened that they renounced the alliance with
into a serpent, which frightened the nymphs away, the Ampsivarii, and their example was followed
so that he remained alone with Dryope. Soon by the Bructeri, whereby the Ampsivarii were
after she married Andraemon, the son of Oxylus, obliged to yield. (Tac. Ann. xiii. 54, 56; Plin.
but she became, by Apollo, the mother of Am- H. N. xxxiv 18.) [L. S.]
phissus, who, after he had grown up, built the DUCAS, MICHAEL (MtXa Xh o Aovicas), the
town of Oeta, and a temple to Apollo. Once, grandson of another Michael Ducas, who lived
when Dryope was in the temple, the Hamadryades during the reign of John Palaeologus the younger,
carried her off and concealed her in a forest, and and a descendant of the imperial family of the
in her stead there was seen in the temple a well Ducases, lived before and after the capture of Conand a poplar. Dryope now became a nymph, and stantinople by Sultan Mohammed II. in 1453.
Amphissus built a temple to the nymphs, which This Michael Ducas was a distinguished historian,
no woman was allowed to approach. (Ov. Met. ix. who held probably some high office under Con325, &c.; Anton. Lib. 32; Steph. Byz. s. v. stantine XII., the last emperor of Constantinople.
ApUov-r'.) Virgil (Aen. x. 551) mentions another After the capture of this city, he fled to Dorino
personage of this name. [L. S.] Gateluzzi, prince of Lesbos, who employed him in
DRYOPS (Apuoi), a son of the river-god Sper- various diplomatic functions, which he continued
cheius, by the Danaid Polydora (Anton. Lib. 32), to discharge under Domenico Gateluzzi, the son
or, according to others, a son of Lycaon (probably and successor of Dorino. In 1455 and 1456, he
a mistake for Apollo) by Dia, the daughter of brought the tribute of the princes of Lesbos and
Lycaon, who concealed her new-born infant in a Lemnos to Adrianople, and he also accompanied
hollow oak tree (&psy; Schol. ad Apollon. Rhod. i. his master Domenico to Constantinople, where he
1283; Tzetz. ad Lycoph. 480). The Asinaeans was going to pay homage to Sultan Mohammed II.
in Messenia worshipped him as their ancestral Owing to the prudence of Dorino and Domenico,
hero, and as a son of Apollo, and celebrated a fes- and the diplomatic skill of Ducas, those two
tival in honour of him every other year. His princes enjoyed a happy dependence; but Domeheroum there was adorned with a very archaic nico having died, his son and successor, Nicholas,
statue of the hero. (Paus. iv. 34. ~ 6.) He had incurred the hatred of Mohammed, who conquered
been king of the Dryopes, who derived their name Lesbos and united it to the Turkish empire in
from him, and were believed to have occupied the 1462. Ducas survived this event, but his further
country from the valley of the Spercheius and life is not known. The few particulars we know
Thermopylae, as far as Mount Parnassus. (Anton. of him are obtained from his " History." This
Lib. 4; Horn. Hymn. vi. 34.) work begins with the death of John Palaeologus I.,
There are two other mythical personages of this and goes down to the capture of Lesbos in 1462;
name. (Hom. II. xx. 454; Diet. Cret. iv. 7; Virg. it is divided into forty-five extensive chapters; the
Aen. x. 345.) [L. S.] first begins with a very short chronicle from Adam
DRYPETIS (ApMrniirs or Apmiwerms), daughter to John Palaeologus I., which seems to have been
of Dareius, the last king of Persia, was given in prefixed by some monk; it finishes abruptly with
marriage to Hephaestion by Alexander, at the some details of the conquest of Lesbos; the end is
same time that he himself married her sister, Sta- mutilated. Ducas wrote most barbarous Greek,
tira, or Barsine. (Arrian, Anab. vii. 4. ~ 6; Diod. for lie not only made use of an extraordinary numxvii. 107.) She was murdered, together with her her of Turkish and other foreign words, but he
sister, soon after the death of Alexander, by the introduced grammatical forms and peculiarities of
orders of Roxana and with the connivance of Per- style which are not Greek at all. He is the most
diccas. (Plut. Alex. c. ult.) [E. H. B.] difficult among the Byzantine historians, and it
DU'BIUS AVI'TUS, was praefect of Gaul seems that he was totally unacquainted with the
and Lower Germany in the reign of the emperor classical Greek writers. His defects, however, are
Nero, and the successor of Paulinus in that post. merely in his language and style. He is a most
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