A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

DORIEUS. DORIMACHUS. 1067
behind him a son, Euryanax, who accompanied his DORILLUS (Ao'piAAos) or DORIALLUS
cousin Pausanias in the campaign (B. c. 479) (AopianAos), an Athenian tragic poet, who was
against Mardonius. Why this son did not succeed ridiculed by Aristophanes. Nothing more is
rather than Leonidas, on the death of Cleomenes, known of him. (Suid., Hesych., and Etym. Mag.
is not clear; Muller suggests, comparing Plut. s. v. AopiaAeos; Aristoph. Lemn. Fr. 336, Dindorf,
Agis, c. 11, that a Heracleid, leaving his country Schol. in Aristoph. Ran. v. 519; Fabric. Bibl.
to settle elsewhere lost his rights at home. (Herod. Graec. ii. p. 297.) [P. S.]
v. 41-66; ix. 10, 53, 55; Diod. iv. 23; Paus. DORI'MACHUS (AopfigaXos), less properly
iii. 16. ~ 4, and 3. ~ 8.) [A. H. C.] DOIRY'MACHUS (AopuaXOs), a native of
DORIEUS (AwpLevs), the son of Diagoras Trichonium, in Aetolia, and son of Nicostratus,
[DIAGORAS], one of the noblest of the noble was sent out, in B. c. 221, to Phigalea, on the
Heracleid family, the Eratids of Ialysus, in Messenian border, with which the Aetolians had a
Rhodes. He was victor in the pancratium in league of sysmpolity, ostensibly to defend the place,
three successive Olympiads, the 87th, 88th, and but in reality to watch affairs in the Peloponnesus
89th, B. c. 432, 428 and 424, the second of which with a view of fomenting a war, for which his
is mentioned by Thucydides (iii. 8); at the restless countrymen were anxious. A number of
Nemean games he won seven, at the Isthmian freebooters flocked together to him, and he coneight victories. He and his kinsman, Peisidorus, nived at their plundering the territory of the Meswere styled in the announcement as Thurians, so senians, with whom Aetolia was in alliance. All
that, apparently, before 424 at latest, they had left complaints he received at first with neglect, and
their country. (Paus. vi. 7.) The whole family afterwards (when he had gone to Messene, on
were outlawed as heads of the aristocracy by the pretence of investigating the matter) with insult.
Athenians (Xen. Hell. i. 5. ~ 19), and took refuge The Messenians, however, and especially Sciron,
in Thurii; and from Thurii, after the Athenian one of their ephori, behaved with such spirit that
disaster at Syracuse had re-established there the Dorimachus was compelled to yield, and to promise
Peloponnesian interest, Dorieus led thirty galleys satisfaction for the injuries done; but he had been
to the aid of the Spartan cause in Greece. He treated with indignity, which he did not forget,
arrived with them at Cnidus in the winter of 412. and he resolved to bring about a war, with Messe(Thuc. viii. 35.) He was, no doubt, active in the nia. This he was enabled to do through his kinsrevolution which, in the course of the same winter, man Scopas, who administered the Aetolian
was effected at Rhodes (Thuc. viii. 44); its revolt government at the time, and who, without waiting
from the Athenians was of course accompanied by for any decree of the Assembly, or for the sanction
the restoration of the family of Diagoras. (B. c. 411.) of the select council ('A7rdOIcAmro; see Polyb. xx.
We find him early in the summer at Miletus, join- 1; Liv. xxxv. 34), commenced hostilities, not
ing in the expostulations of his men to Astyochus, against Messenia only, but also against the Epeiwho, in the Spartan fashion, raised his staff as if rots, Achaeans, Acarnanians, and Macedonians.
to strike him, and by this act so violently excited In the next year, B. c. 220, Dorimachus invaded
the Thurian sailors that he was saved from vio- the Peloponnesus with Scopas, and defeated Aralence only by flying to an altar. (Thuc. viii. 84.) tus, at Caphyae. [See p. 255, a.] He took part
And shortly after, when the new commander, also in the operations in which the Aetolians were
Mindarus, sailed for the Hellespont, he was sent joined by Scerdilaiidas, the Illyrian,-the capture
with thirteen ships to crush a democratical move- and burning of Cynaetha, in Arcadia, and the
ment in Rhodes. (Diod. xiii. 38.) Some little baffled attempt on Cleitor,-and he was one of the
time after the battle of Cynossema he entered the leaders of the unsuccessful expedition against
Hellespont with his squadron, now fourteen in Aegeira in B. c. 219. In the autumn of the same
number, to join the main body; and being de- year, being chosen general of the Aetolians, he
scried and attacked by the Athenians with twenty, ravaged Epeirus, and destroyed the temple at
was forced to run his vessels ashore, near Rhoe- Dodona. In B. c. 218 he invaded Thessaly, in
teum. Here he vigorously maintained himself the hope of drawing Philip away from the siege of
until Mindarus came to his succour, and, by the Palus, in Cephallenia, which he was indeed obliged
advance of the rest of the Athenian fleet, the to relinquish, in consequence of the treachery of
action became general: it was decided by the Leontius, but lie took advantage of the absence of
sudden arrival of Alcibiades with reinforcements. Dorimachus to make an incursion into Aetolia,
(Xen. Hell. i. 1. ~ 2; Diod. xiii. 45.) Four years advancing to Thermum, the capital city, and plunafter, at the close of B. c. 407, he was captured, dering it. Dorimachus is mentioned by Livy as
with two Thurian galleys, by the Athenians, and one of the chiefs through whom M. Valerius Laesent, no doubt, to Athens: but the people, in vinus, in B. c. 211, concluded a treaty of alliance
admiration of his athletic size and noble beauty, with Aetolia against Philip, from whom he vainly
dismissed their ancient enemy, though already attempted, in B. c. 210, to save the town of Echiunder sentence of death, without so much as ex- nus, in Thessaly. In B.c. 204 lie and Scopas were
acting a ransom. (Xen. Hell. i. 5. ~ 19.) Pausa- appointed by the Aetolians to draw up new laws
nias, (1. c.,) on the authority of Androtion, further to meet the general distress, occasioned by heavy
relates, that at the time when Rhodes joined the debts, with which the two commissioners themAthenian league formed by Conon, Dorieus chanced selves were severely burdened. In B. C. 196
to be somewhere in the reach of the Spartans, and Dorimachus was sent to Egypt to negotiate terms
was by them seized and put to death. [A. H. C.] of peace with Ptolemy V. (Epiphanes), his mission
DORIEUS (AwpIesi), the author of an epigram probably having reference to the conditions of
upon Milo, which is preserved by Athenaens (x. amity between Ptolemy and Antiochus the Great,
p. 412, f.) and in the Greek Anthology. (Brunck, to whom the Aetolians were now looking for supAnal. ii. 63; Jacobs, ii. 62.) Nothing imore is port against Rome. (Polyb. iv. 3-13, 16-19, 57, 58,
known of him, [P. S.] 67, 77; v. i. 3, 4-9. 11, 17; ix. 42; xiii, 1; xviii