A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

DIVITIACUS.
DIS, contracted from Dives, a name sometimes
given to Pluto, and hence also to the lower world.
(Cic. de Nat. Deor. ii. 26; Virg. Aen. vi. 127;
comp. PLUTO.) [L. S.]
DISA'RIUS, a physician, who may be supposed
to have lived in the fifth century after Christ, and
who is introduced by Macrobius in his Saturnalia
(vii. 4) as discoursing on dietetics and the process
of digestion. [W. A. G.]
DITALCO. [VTRIATHUS.]
DIVES, L. BAE'BIUS, was praetor in B. c.
189, and obtained the southern part of Spain for
his province. On his way thither he was surrounded by Ligurians, who cut to pieces a great
part of his forces: he himself was wounded, and
escaped to Massilia, where however he died on the
third day after. (Liv. xxxvii. 47, 50, 57.) [L. S.]
DIVES, L. CANULEIUS, was appointed
praetor in B. c. 171, and obtained Spain for his
province. But before he went to his post, several
Spanish tribes sent embassies to Rome to complain
of the avarice and insolence of their Roman governors. Hereupon L. Canuleius Dives was commissioned to appoint five recuperatores of senatorian rank to inquire into each particular case of
extortion, and to allow the accused to choose their
own pleaders. In consequence of the investigations which were thus commenced, two men who
had been praetors in Spain withdrew into
voluntary exile. The pleaders, probably bribed
by the guilty, contrived to suppress the whole
inquiry, as men of rank and influence were involved in it. L. Canuleius likewise is not free
from the suspicion of having assisted the pleaders,
for he joined them in dropping the matter, and
forth with assembled his troops, and proceeded to his
province. After his arrival in Spain, another interesting embassy was sent to Rome. Roman armies
had for many years been stationed in Spain, and
numbers of the soldiers had married Spanish women.
At the time when Canuleius was in Spain, the
number of persons who had sprung from such marriages is said to'bave amounted to upwards of 4000,
and they now petitioned the senate to assign to
them a town, where they might settle. The senate
decreed that they should give in their names to
Canuleius, and that, if he would manumit them,
they were to settle as colonists at Carteia, where
they were to form a colonia libertinorum. (Liv.
xlii. 28, 31, xliii. 2, 3.) [L. S.]
DI'VICO, a commander of the Helvetians in
the war against L. Cassius, in B. c. 107. Nearly
fifty years later, B. c. 58, when J. Caesar was preparing to attack the Helvetians, they sent an embassy to him,,headed by the aged Divico, whose
courageous speech is recorded by Caesar. (B. G. i.
13; comp. Oros. v. 15; Liv. Epit. 65.) [L. S.]
DIVITI'ACUS, an Aeduan noble, and brother
of Dumnorix, is mentioned by Cicero ( deDisv. i. 41)
as belonging to the order of Druids, and professing
much knowledge of the secrets of nature and of divination. He was a warm adherent of the Romans
and of Caesar, who, in consideration of his earnest
entreaties, pardoned the treason of Dumnorix in
B. c. 58. In the same year he took the most prominent part among the Gallic chiefs in requesting
Caesar's aid against Ariovistus [see p. 287]; he had,
some time before, gone even to Rome to ask the
senate for their interference, but without success.
It was probably during this visit that lie was the
guest of Cicero (de Die. 1. c.). Throughout, Caesar

DOCIMUS 1057
placed the greatest confidence in him, and in B. c.
57, pardoned, at his intercession, the Bellovaci,
who had joined with the rest of the Belgians in
their conspiracy. (Caes. B. G. i. 3, 16-20, 31, 32,
ii. 5, 14, 15. vi. 12, vii. 39; Plut. Caes. 19; Dion
Cass. xxxviii. 34, &c.) [E. E.]
DIURPANEUS. [DECEBALUS.]
DIUS (A^os), the author of a history of the
Phoenicians, of which a fragment concerning Solomon and Hiram is preserved in Josephus. (c. Apion.
i. 17.) There was also a Pythagorean philosopher
Dius, who wrote a work Trepl KacAovV s, of which
two fragments are preserved in Stobaeus. (Tit.
lxv. 16, 17.) [L. S.]
DIYLLUS (AivAXos), an Athenian, who wrote
a history of Greece and Sicily in 26 or 27 books.
It was divided apparently into several parts, the
first of which extended from the seizure of the
Delphic temple by Philomelus (where the history
of Callisthenes ended) to the siege of Perinthus, by
Philip (B. c. 357-340), and the second from B. c.
340 to 336, the date of Philip's death. The work
was carried on, according to Diodorus, down to B.c.
298, from which period Psaon, of Plataea, continued
it. If we accede to Casaubon's substitution of
AilUNos for Ailasvos, in Diog. Laert. v. 76, we
must reckon also a work on drinking-parties
(ouvjmrooiaicd) among the writings of Diyllus. The
exact period at which he flourished cannot be ascertained, but he belongs to the age of the Ptolemies.
(Diod. xvi. 14, 76, xxi., Frangm. 5, p. 490; Plut.
de Herod. Mal. 26; Ath. iv. p. 155, a, xiii. p. 593,
f; Maussac. ad Harupocrat. s. v. 'Apoiv-iwe; Wesseling, ad Diod. xvi. 14; Clinton, F. H. vol. ii. sub
ann. 357, 339, 298, p. 377.) [E. E.)
DIYLLUS (AiuAAo's), a Corinthian statuary,
who, in conjunction with Amyclaeus, executed the
greater part of the bronze group which the Phocians dedicated at Delphi. (Paus. x. 13. ~ 4;
AMYCLAEUS; CHIONIs.) [P. S.]
DO'CIMUS (AoB'icos), one of the officers in
the Macedonian army, who after the death of
Alexander supported the party of Perdiccas. After
the death of Perdiccas he united with Attalus and
Alcetas, and was taken prisoner together with the
former when their combined forces were defeated
by Antigonus in Pisidia, B. c. 320. (Diod.
xviii. 45, Polyaen. iv. 6. ~ 7.) The captives were
confined in a strong fort, but, during the expedition of Antigonus against Eumenes, they contrived to overpower their guards, and make themselves masters of the fortress. Docimus, however,
having quitted the castle to carry on a negotiation
with Stratonice, the wife of Antigonus, was again
made prisoner. (Diod. xix. 16.) He appears
after this to have entered the service of Antigonus,
as we find him in 31.3 B. c. sent by that prince
with an army to establish the freedom of the
Greek cities in Caria. (Diod. xix. 75; Droysen,
Hellenismus, vol. i. p. 358.) In the campaign preceding the battle of Ipsus, he held the strong fortress of Synnada in Phrygia in charge for Antigonus, but was induced to surrender it into the
hands of Lysimachus. (Diod. xx. 107; Pausan. i. 8. 6 1.) It is probable that he had been
governor of the adjoining district for some time:
and he had founded there the city called after him
Docimeium. (Steph. Byz. s. v. AoKmAELoV, Droysen, Hellenismus, vol. ii. p. 665; Eckhel, iii. p.
151.) His name is not mentioned after the fall
of Antigonus. [E. H. B.]
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